太行山南端浅层速度结构成像和隐伏断裂探测
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摘要
利用太行山南端的深地震反射剖面数据,运用初至波层析成像方法反演得到该区域的浅层P波速度结构和基底面展布形态,发现剖面浅部的P波速度变化与沉积盖层厚度和断裂分布有着较好的对应关系。利用跨断裂完成的浅层地震反射剖面,对区域内2条第四纪隐伏活动断裂进行高分辨率成像。结果表明,汤西断裂为东倾的正断层,控制汤阴地堑的西边界,活动年代为中更新世;汤东断裂为西倾的正断层,是汤阴地堑的主控边界断裂,活动年代为晚更新世。
We apply a tomography method of first-arrival travel-time acquired from deep seismic reflection profile to explore the shallow P-wave velocity structure and the basement distributed shape of the southern margin of Taihang mountains.The results indicate a good corresponding relationship among the variations in P-wave velocity,the thickness of sedimentary cover,and the position of the faults.In order to probe the characteristics of active faults in the research area,two shallow seismic reflection profiles crossing the buried faults are carried out.The results show that Tangxi fault is a normal fault plunging towards the east,controlling the western boundary of the Tangyin graben.It is active during the middle Pleistocene.Tangdong fault is a west dipping fault,and is the main controlling boundary fault of the Tangyin graben.The latest activities can be traced to the early period of late Pleistocene.
We apply a tomography method of first-arrival travel-time acquired from deep seismic reflection profile to explore the shallow P-wave velocity structure and the basement distributed shape of the southern margin of Taihang mountains.The results indicate a good corresponding relationship among the variations in P-wave velocity,the thickness of sedimentary cover,and the position of the faults.In order to probe the characteristics of active faults in the research area,two shallow seismic reflection profiles crossing the buried faults are carried out.The results show that Tangxi fault is a normal fault plunging towards the east,controlling the western boundary of the Tangyin graben.It is active during the middle Pleistocene.Tangdong fault is a west dipping fault,and is the main controlling boundary fault of the Tangyin graben.The latest activities can be traced to the early period of late Pleistocene.
引文
[1]马寅生,赵逊,赵希涛,等.太行山南缘新生代的隆升与断陷过程[J].地球学报,2007,28(3):219-233(Ma Yinsheng,Zhao Xun,Zhao Xitao,et al.The Cenozoic Rifting and Uplifting Process on the Southern Margin of Taihangshan Uplift[J].Acta Geoscientia Sinica,2007,28(3):219-233)
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[5]刘保金,何宏林,石金虎,等.太行山东缘汤阴地堑地壳结构和活动断裂探测[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(10):3 266-3 276(Liu Baojin,He Honglin,Shi Jinhu,et al.Crustal Structure and Active Faults of the Tangyin Graben in the Eastern Margin of Taihang Mountain[J].Chinese J Geophys,2012,55(10):3 266-3 276)
[6]秦晶晶,赵成彬,刘明军,等.太行山南端盘谷寺-新乡断裂的构造特征[J].地震地质,2016,38(1):131-140(Qin Jingjing,Zhao Chengbin,Liu Mingjun,et al.The Structural Characteristics of Pangusi-Xinxiang Fault in the Southern Margin of Taihang Mountains[J].Seismology and Geology,2016,38(1):131-140)
[7] Brown L D.A New Map of Crustal"Terranes"in the United States from COCORP Deep Seismic Reflection Profiling[J].Geophys J Int,1991,105(1):3-13
[8]王椿镛,王贵美,林中洋,等.用深地震反射方法研究邢台地震区地壳细结构[J].地球物理学报,1993,36(4):445-451(Wang Chunyong,Wang Guimei,Lin Zhongyang,et al.A Study on Fine Crustal Structure in Xingtai Earthquake Area Based on Deep Seismic Reflection Profile[J].Chinese J Geophys,1993,36(4):445-451)
[9]张先康,赵金仁,刘国华,等.三河-平谷8.0级大震区震源细结构的深地震反射探测研究[J].中国地震,2002,18(4):326-336(Zhang Xiankang,Zhao Jinren,Liu Guohua,et al.Study on Fine Crustal Structure of the Sanhe-Pinggu Earthquake(M8.0)Region by Deep Seismic Reflection Profiling[J].Earthquake Research in China,2002,18(4):326-336)
[10]刘保金,沈军,张先康,等.深地震反射剖面揭示的天山北缘乌鲁木齐坳陷地壳结构和构造[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(5):1 464-1 472(Liu Baojin,Shen Jun,Zhang Xiankang,et al.The Crust Structures and Tectonics of Urumqi Depression Revealed by Deep Seismic Reflection Profile in the Northern Margin of Tianshan Mountains[J].Chinese J Geophys,2007,50(5):1 464-1 472)
[11]酆少英,刘保金,姬计法,等.呼和浩特-包头盆地岩石圈细结构的深地震反射探测[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(4):1 158-1 168(Feng Shaoying,Liu Baojin,Ji Jifa,et al.The Survey on Fine Lithospheric Structure beneath HohhotBaotou Basin by Deep Seismic Reflection Profile[J].Chinese J Geophys,2015,58(4):1 158-1 168)
[2]任青芳,张先康,张成科,等.汤阴地堑及邻区的壳幔结构与地震危险性[J].中国地震,1998,14(2):157-166(Ren Qingfang,Zhang Xiankang,Zhang Chengke,et al.The Crust-Mantle Structure and Earthquake Risk in Tangyin Graben and Its Adjacent Area[J].Earthquake Research in China,1998,14(2):157-166)
[3]徐杰,高占武,宋长青,等.太行山山前断裂带的构造特征[J].地震地质,2000,22(2):111-122(Xu Jie,Gao Zhanwu,Song Changqing,et al.The Structural Characters of the Piedmont Fault Zone of Taihang Mountain[J].Seismology and Geology,2000,22(2):111-122)
[4]荆智国,刘尧兴.太行山东南麓断裂第四纪水平活动的地质地貌特征[J].山西地震,2000(2):13-17(Jing Zhiguo,Liu Yaoxing.Geological and Geomorphologic Characteristics of the Horizontal Movements in Quaternary Period of Southeastern Taihang Mountain Fault[J].Earthquake Research in Shanxi,2000(2):13-17)
[5]刘保金,何宏林,石金虎,等.太行山东缘汤阴地堑地壳结构和活动断裂探测[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(10):3 266-3 276(Liu Baojin,He Honglin,Shi Jinhu,et al.Crustal Structure and Active Faults of the Tangyin Graben in the Eastern Margin of Taihang Mountain[J].Chinese J Geophys,2012,55(10):3 266-3 276)
[6]秦晶晶,赵成彬,刘明军,等.太行山南端盘谷寺-新乡断裂的构造特征[J].地震地质,2016,38(1):131-140(Qin Jingjing,Zhao Chengbin,Liu Mingjun,et al.The Structural Characteristics of Pangusi-Xinxiang Fault in the Southern Margin of Taihang Mountains[J].Seismology and Geology,2016,38(1):131-140)
[7] Brown L D.A New Map of Crustal"Terranes"in the United States from COCORP Deep Seismic Reflection Profiling[J].Geophys J Int,1991,105(1):3-13
[8]王椿镛,王贵美,林中洋,等.用深地震反射方法研究邢台地震区地壳细结构[J].地球物理学报,1993,36(4):445-451(Wang Chunyong,Wang Guimei,Lin Zhongyang,et al.A Study on Fine Crustal Structure in Xingtai Earthquake Area Based on Deep Seismic Reflection Profile[J].Chinese J Geophys,1993,36(4):445-451)
[9]张先康,赵金仁,刘国华,等.三河-平谷8.0级大震区震源细结构的深地震反射探测研究[J].中国地震,2002,18(4):326-336(Zhang Xiankang,Zhao Jinren,Liu Guohua,et al.Study on Fine Crustal Structure of the Sanhe-Pinggu Earthquake(M8.0)Region by Deep Seismic Reflection Profiling[J].Earthquake Research in China,2002,18(4):326-336)
[10]刘保金,沈军,张先康,等.深地震反射剖面揭示的天山北缘乌鲁木齐坳陷地壳结构和构造[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(5):1 464-1 472(Liu Baojin,Shen Jun,Zhang Xiankang,et al.The Crust Structures and Tectonics of Urumqi Depression Revealed by Deep Seismic Reflection Profile in the Northern Margin of Tianshan Mountains[J].Chinese J Geophys,2007,50(5):1 464-1 472)
[11]酆少英,刘保金,姬计法,等.呼和浩特-包头盆地岩石圈细结构的深地震反射探测[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(4):1 158-1 168(Feng Shaoying,Liu Baojin,Ji Jifa,et al.The Survey on Fine Lithospheric Structure beneath HohhotBaotou Basin by Deep Seismic Reflection Profile[J].Chinese J Geophys,2015,58(4):1 158-1 168)
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