基于辅助逆变器的IPT系统原边动态调谐方法研究
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摘要
感应耦合电能传输(inductive power transfer,IPT)系统中,由于器件老化、升温、参数容差等原因会使系统原边回路失谐,导致逆变器开关损耗增大,发热增加,系统效率降低;为了保持IPT系统原边谐振,提出一种基于辅助逆变器的动态调谐方法。首先,主要针对系统原边呈容性的情况,详细分析串–串补偿型IPT系统的效率和原边失谐程度之间的关系;然后,分析调谐原理并提出调谐方案,通过检测主逆变器的输出电压和电流的相位差调节两个逆变器间驱动信号相位,来动态调节主逆变器的输出阻抗,达到调谐目的;最后,搭建实验平台,在原边回路不同失谐程度下进行动态调谐的实验。结果表明,该调谐装置可实现系统的动态调谐,并能有效提高系统效率。动态调谐系统能将15%容差时的系统效率由86.2%提高到92.8%,最大提高了6.6%,有效减少系统的发热。
In inductive power transfer systems, some causes, such as the aging, heating and parameter tolerance of components, result in the detuning of the resonant tank in the transmitter side inevitably, leading to the increase of the switching losses and temperature of the inverter and the decrease of the system efficiency. A dynamic tuning method based on the auxiliary inverter was proposed to tune the resonance of the system. Firstly, the relationship between the efficiency of series-series compensation system and the detuning level in the transmitter loop was analyzed under detuning conditions. Then, the dynamic tuning approach was given by control the phase difference of the inverters. The output impedance of the master inverter could be adjusted accordingly. Finally, the proposed tuning method was validated by the experiment under various detuning condition. The results show that the proposed tuning method can achieve tuning and improve the system efficiency. Especially, under15% tolerance of the resonant capacitor, the system efficiency can reaches 92.8% with the dynamic tuning approach from86.2%. 6.6% of efficiency improvement is attained so that the heating is reduced dramatically.
In inductive power transfer systems, some causes, such as the aging, heating and parameter tolerance of components, result in the detuning of the resonant tank in the transmitter side inevitably, leading to the increase of the switching losses and temperature of the inverter and the decrease of the system efficiency. A dynamic tuning method based on the auxiliary inverter was proposed to tune the resonance of the system. Firstly, the relationship between the efficiency of series-series compensation system and the detuning level in the transmitter loop was analyzed under detuning conditions. Then, the dynamic tuning approach was given by control the phase difference of the inverters. The output impedance of the master inverter could be adjusted accordingly. Finally, the proposed tuning method was validated by the experiment under various detuning condition. The results show that the proposed tuning method can achieve tuning and improve the system efficiency. Especially, under15% tolerance of the resonant capacitor, the system efficiency can reaches 92.8% with the dynamic tuning approach from86.2%. 6.6% of efficiency improvement is attained so that the heating is reduced dramatically.
引文
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[18]Chopra S,Bauer P.Analysis and design considerations for a contactless power transfer system[C]//2011 IEEE 33rd International Telecommunications Energy Conference(INTELEC).Amsterdam,Netherlands:IEEE,2011.
[19]夏晨阳,解光庆,林克章,等.双LCL补偿ICPT系统双谐振点特性及最大输出功率研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(19):5200-5208.Xia Chenyang,Xie Guangqing,Lin Kezhang,et al.Study of dual resonance point characteristics and maximum output power of ICPT based on double LCLcompensation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(19):5200-5208(in Chinese).
[20]Deng Qijun,Liu Jiangtao,Czarkowski D,et al.An inductive power transfer system supplied by a multiphase parallel inverter[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(9):7039-7048.
[21]Hao Hao,Covic G A,Boys J T.A parallel topology for inductive power transfer power supplies[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(3):1140-1151.
[2]Deng Junjun,Li Weihan,Nguyen T D,et al.Compact and efficient bipolar coupler for wireless power chargers:Design and analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(11):6130-6140.
[3]麦瑞坤,李勇,何正友,等.无线电能传输技术及其在轨道交通中研究进展[J].西南交通大学学报,2016,51(2-3):446-461.Mai Ruikun,Li Yong,He Zhengyou,et al.Wireless power transfer technology and its research progress in rail transportation[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2016,51(2-3):446-461(in Chinese).
[4]范兴明,莫小勇,张鑫.无线电能传输技术的研究现状与应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(10):2584-2600.Fan Xingming,Mo Xiaoyong,Zhang Xin.Research status and application of wireless power transmission technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(10):2584-2600(in Chinese).
[5]李勇,麦瑞坤,陆立文,等.一种采用级联型多电平技术的IPT系统谐波消除与功率调节方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(20):5278-5285.Li Yong,Mai Ruikun,Lu Liwen,et al.A harmonic elimination and power regulation approach of a cascaded multilevel technology in IPT system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(20):5278-5285(in Chinese).
[6]杨鸣凯,麦瑞坤,徐丹露,等.采用同轴相位检测线圈的感应无线电能传输系统谐振调节技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(6):1867-1875.Yang Mingkai,Mai Ruikun,Xu Danlu,et al.Coaxial phase detection coil and its application for dynamic resonance tuning in Inductive Wireless Power Transfer systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(6):1867-1875(in Chinese).
[7]Wu H.AC processing controllers for IPT systems[D].Auckland:The University of Auckland,2009.
[8]Mai Ruikun,Liu Yeran,Li Yong,et al.An active-rectifier-based maximum efficiency tracking method using an additional measurement coil for wireless power transfer[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2018,33(1):716-728.
[9]Lim Y,Tang H,Lim S,et al.An adaptive impedancematching network based on a novel capacitor matrix for wireless power transfer[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(8):4403-4413.
[10]Jung Y K,Lee B.Design of adaptive optimal load circuit for maximum wireless power transfer efficiency[C]//2013Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings(APMC).Seoul,South Korea:IEEE,2013.
[11]James J,Boys J,Covic G.A variable inductor based tuning method for ICPT pickups[C]//2005 Power Engineering Conference(IPEC).Singapore:IEEE,2005.
[12]Yang Minsheng,Li Xiaofeng,Ao Zhanghong,et al.Transferred power control for ICPT pick-ups utilizing dynamically switched inductor[J].Energy Procedia,2012,16:1440-1447.
[13]Fnato H,Chiku Y,Harakawa K.Wireless power distribution with capacitive coupling excited by switched mode active negative capacitor[C]//2010 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems(ICEMS).Incheon,South Korea:IEEE,2010.
[14]Kim N Y,Kim K Y,Kim C W.Automated frequency tracking system for efficient mid-range magnetic resonance wireless power transfer[J].Microwave and Optical Technology Letters,2012,54(6):1423-1426.
[15]Fu Wenzhen,Zhang Bo,Qiu Dongyuan.Study on frequency-tracking wireless power transfer system by resonant coupling[C]//2009 IEEE 6th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference(IPEMC).Wuhan,China:IEEE,2009.
[16]Park J,Tak Y,Kim Y,et al.Investigation of adaptive matching methods for near-field wireless power transfer[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2011,59(5):1769-1773.
[17]Tang Chunsen,Dai Xin,Wang Zhihui,et al.Frequency bifurcation phenomenon study of a soft switched push-pull contactless power transfer system[C]//2011 6th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications(ICIEA).Beijing,China:IEEE,2011.
[18]Chopra S,Bauer P.Analysis and design considerations for a contactless power transfer system[C]//2011 IEEE 33rd International Telecommunications Energy Conference(INTELEC).Amsterdam,Netherlands:IEEE,2011.
[19]夏晨阳,解光庆,林克章,等.双LCL补偿ICPT系统双谐振点特性及最大输出功率研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(19):5200-5208.Xia Chenyang,Xie Guangqing,Lin Kezhang,et al.Study of dual resonance point characteristics and maximum output power of ICPT based on double LCLcompensation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(19):5200-5208(in Chinese).
[20]Deng Qijun,Liu Jiangtao,Czarkowski D,et al.An inductive power transfer system supplied by a multiphase parallel inverter[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(9):7039-7048.
[21]Hao Hao,Covic G A,Boys J T.A parallel topology for inductive power transfer power supplies[J].IEEETransactions on Power Electronics,2014,29(3):1140-1151.
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