穿斗式木结构民居模拟地震振动台试验研究
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摘要
为研究穿斗式木结构民居的抗震性能,以位于川西抗震设防烈度7度区的典型2层穿斗式民居为原型,对一个缩尺比例为1∶2的穿斗式木结构模型进行了模拟地震振动台试验。试验中选取汶川波、兰州波、Taft波和El Centro波作为地震动输入,实测了结构在地震作用下的自振频率、阻尼比、刚度、加速度反应、位移反应、剪力分布和应变的变化规律。试验结果表明:随着地震峰值加速度的增加,模型结构的自振频率和刚度下降,阻尼比增大,各层加速度放大系数介于0.286～1.383之间;浮搁于混凝土板上的柱脚的滑移在一定程度上衰减了传入上部结构的地震作用,第2层檐柱顶高度处的榫卯节点在振动过程中耗能作用明显;当输入峰值加速度为0.22g和0.40g时,模型晃动剧烈,最大层间位移角分别为1/65和1/35;当输入峰值加速度增至0.50g时,模型依然没有倒塌,表明穿斗式木结构具有良好的整体变形能力和抗倒塌能力。
In order to study the seismic performance of column-and-tie wooden structure dwellings,an earthquake simulation shaking table test was carried out on a 1∶ 2 model of a two-layer column-and-tie wooden structure built in the west Sichuan area with a seismic design intensity of seven degree.The Wenchuan wave,Lanzhou wave,El Centro wave and Taft wave were selected as input excitations.The natural frequency,damping ratio,stiffness,acceleration response,displacement response,shear force distribution and strain response of the structure under earthquake actions were obtained.The experimental results show that with the increase of earthquake peak acceleration,the natural frequency and stiffness of the model structure decreases,and the damping ratio increases.The acceleration amplification coefficient of each layer fluctuates between 0.286 and 1.383.The wooden frame is placed directly on the top of the concrete slab and slippage is noted at the bottom of the column,which to some extent reduces the earthquake action.The mortise-tenon joints at the height of the eaves have an obvious effect on the energy consumption during the vibration.When the input peak acceleration is 0.22 g and 0.40 g,the model shocks seriously,and the maximum interstory drifts of the model is 1/65 and 1/35,respectively.When the input peak acceleration increases to 0.50 g,the model does not collapse yet.It indicates that the column-and-tie wooden structure has good overall deformation ability and anti-collapse ability.
In order to study the seismic performance of column-and-tie wooden structure dwellings,an earthquake simulation shaking table test was carried out on a 1∶ 2 model of a two-layer column-and-tie wooden structure built in the west Sichuan area with a seismic design intensity of seven degree.The Wenchuan wave,Lanzhou wave,El Centro wave and Taft wave were selected as input excitations.The natural frequency,damping ratio,stiffness,acceleration response,displacement response,shear force distribution and strain response of the structure under earthquake actions were obtained.The experimental results show that with the increase of earthquake peak acceleration,the natural frequency and stiffness of the model structure decreases,and the damping ratio increases.The acceleration amplification coefficient of each layer fluctuates between 0.286 and 1.383.The wooden frame is placed directly on the top of the concrete slab and slippage is noted at the bottom of the column,which to some extent reduces the earthquake action.The mortise-tenon joints at the height of the eaves have an obvious effect on the energy consumption during the vibration.When the input peak acceleration is 0.22 g and 0.40 g,the model shocks seriously,and the maximum interstory drifts of the model is 1/65 and 1/35,respectively.When the input peak acceleration increases to 0.50 g,the model does not collapse yet.It indicates that the column-and-tie wooden structure has good overall deformation ability and anti-collapse ability.
引文
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[2]谢启芳,赵鸿铁,薛建阳,等.汶川地震中木结构建筑震害分析与思考[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2008,40(5):658-661.(XIE Qifang,ZHAO Hongtie,XUE Jianyang,et al. Analysis and investigation on the seismic damage of timber buildings in Wenchuan Earthquake[J]. Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture&Technology(Natural Science Edition),2008,40(5):658-661.(in Chinese))
[3]孙柏涛,张昊宇,闫培雷.芦山7. 0级地震穿斗木构架房屋震害特点及原因简析[J].土木工程学报,2014,47(3):1-11.(SUN Baitao,ZHANG Haoyu,YAN Peilei. Earthquake damage and feature analysis of Chinese traditional timber frame structures subjected to the Lushan 7. 0 earthquake[J]. China Civil Engineering Journal,2014,47(3):1-11.(in Chinese))
[4]黄玲,陈世鸣.穿斗式木构架房屋中的榫卯节点性能研究[EB/OL].[2011-03-11]. http://www.paper. edu. cn/releasepaper/content/201103-499.(HUANG Ling,CHEN Shiming. Study of mechanical performance of tenon and mortise joint in Chuan Doustyle wood[EB/OL].[2011-03-11]. http://www.paper. edu. cn/releasepaper/content/201103-499.(in Chinese))
[5]黄舜,傅宇光.穿斗式木构架抗震特性分析[J].结构工程师,2014,30(1):107-112.(HUANG Shun,FU Yuguang. Study of seismic characteristic of a Chuan-dou style wood frame house[J]. Structural Engineers,2014,30(1):107-112.(in Chinese))
[6]王博,白国良,王超群,等.穿斗木结构房屋地震响应分析与构造技术研究[J].西安建筑科技大学学报(自然科学版),2014,46(4):536-541.(WANG Bo,BAI Guoliang,WANG Chaoqun,et al. Study on the seismic response and construction measure of the chuan dou wooden structure[J]. Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture&Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2014,46(4):536-541.(in Chinese))
[7] D’AYALA Dina F,TSAI Pin Hui. Seismic vulnerability of historic Dieh-Dou timber structures in Taiwan[J].Engineering Structures,2008,30(8):2101-2113.
[8] CHUN Q,YUE Z,PAN J W. Experimental study on seismic characteristics of typical mortise-tenon joints of Chinese southern traditional timber frame buildings[J].Science China:Technological Sciences,2011,54(9):2404-2411.
[9]李佩.穿斗式木结构榫卯连接抗震性能试验研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2016:49-66.(LI Pei.Seismic behavior experimental study on mortise-tenon joints of column and tie timber construction[D]Chongqing:Chongqing University,2016:49-66.(in Chinese))
[10]王海东,尚守平,何放龙,等.穿斗式木构架结构与轻型木结构抗震性能振动台试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2012,33(6):138-143.(WANG Haidong,SHANG Shouping,HE Fanglong,et al. Shaking table tests of Chinese traditional wood building and light wood framed building[J]. Journal of Building Structures,2012,33(6):138-143.(in Chinese))
[11]木结构设计标准:GB 50005—2017[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2017.(Standard for design of timber structures:GB 50005—2017[S]. Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2017.(in Chinese))
[12]建筑抗震设计规范:GB 50011—2010[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.(Code for seismic design of buildings:GB 50011—2010[S]. Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2010.(in Chinese))
[13]古建筑木结构维护与加固技术规范:GB 50165—1992[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1992.(Technical code for maintenance and strengthening of ancient timber buildings:GB 50165—1992[S].Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,1992.(in Chinese))