点源干扰的形态学降噪技术
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摘要
海上地震勘探采集资料中的点源干扰能量强,横向变化幅度小且出现位置不固定,极大地影响了海上地震资料的成像质量和解释精度。采用了基于形态学的噪声压制技术对点源干扰进行处理,设计了形态学滤波器分离点源噪声和有效信号,实现了点源干扰的压制。采用该方法对模拟地震资料和海上实际地震资料进行处理,并与传统的F-K去噪方法进行了对比,结果表明该方法在成功压制点源绕射干扰的同时,能够较好地保留原始地震信号的低频信息,完全恢复了信号与噪声重叠处的有效信号振幅。处理过程中,该方法不受随机噪声的影响,具有很强的抗随机噪声能力。
The point source diffracted interference in marine seismic data has the characteristics of large energy,narrow lateral variation and non-fixed position,which greatly affect the imaging quality and interpretation accuracy of the marine seismic data.The noise suppression technique based on the morphology is used to suppress point source diffracted noise.The morphologic filters are designed to separate the signal from the noise and complete the suppression of the point source diffracted noise.The proposed morphologic noise attenuation method was tested on simulation data and actual marine seismic data.Compared with the conventional F-K filter techniques,this method shows it can successfully suppress the point source diffracted noise as well as better retain the low frequency information of the original seismic signal.Moreover,it has a full recovery of the signal amplitude at the position where signal and noise overlap.During processing,the method avoids the effect of random noise and has strong ability of resisting random noise.
The point source diffracted interference in marine seismic data has the characteristics of large energy,narrow lateral variation and non-fixed position,which greatly affect the imaging quality and interpretation accuracy of the marine seismic data.The noise suppression technique based on the morphology is used to suppress point source diffracted noise.The morphologic filters are designed to separate the signal from the noise and complete the suppression of the point source diffracted noise.The proposed morphologic noise attenuation method was tested on simulation data and actual marine seismic data.Compared with the conventional F-K filter techniques,this method shows it can successfully suppress the point source diffracted noise as well as better retain the low frequency information of the original seismic signal.Moreover,it has a full recovery of the signal amplitude at the position where signal and noise overlap.During processing,the method avoids the effect of random noise and has strong ability of resisting random noise.
引文
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[19]刘伟,曹思远,王征,等.随机噪声的多尺度多方向域压制方法研究[J].石油物探,2011,50(3):301-305LIU W,CAO S Y,WANG Z,et al.Multi-scale&multi-direction suppressing method for random noise[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,50(3):301-305
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[22]LI Z,YANG Y,JIANG W.Multi-scale morphologic tracking approach for edge detection[J].International Conference on Image and Graphics,2007:358-362
[2]蔡希玲,熊定钰,熊罴.海上地震数据中侧面干扰波的特征与压制方法[J].中国海上油气工程,2005,17(2):89-91CAI X L,XIONG D Y,XIONG P.Scattered noise in marine seismic data and its attenuation techniques[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2005,17(2):89-91
[3]李景叶,陈小宏,张金淼,等.海上点源干扰噪声压制方法[J].石油物探,2013,52(1):23-29LI J Y,CHEN X H,ZHANG J M,et al.Point source diffracted noise attenuation in marine data processing[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2013,52(1):23-29
[4]GULUNAY N.Fast broadside diffractors:a case history[J].Expanded Abstracts of 76th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2006:2772-2776
[5]BERKHOUT A J,VERSCHUUR D J.Estimation of multiple scattering by iterative inversion,partⅠ:theoretical on side rations[J].Geophysics,1997,62(5):1586-1595
[6]VERSCHUUR D J,BERKHOUT A J.Estimation of multiple scattering by iterative inversion,partⅡ:practical aspects and examples[J].Geophysics,1997,62(5):1596-1611
[7]王童奎,路鹏飞,孙明,等.基于散射理论的外源干扰压制法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):2033-2038WANG T K,LU P F,SUN M,et al.The study of outsource perturbation suppression method based on scattering theory[J].Progress in Geophysics,2011,26(6):2033-2038
[8]LANDA E,SHTIVELMAN V,GELCHINSKY B.A method for detection of diffracted waves on common-offset sections[J].Geophysical Prospecting,1987,35(4):359-373
[9]FOOKES G,WARNER C,BORSELEN R V.Practical interference noise elimination in modern marine data processing[J].Expanded Abstracts of 73rd Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2003:1905-1908
[10]GULUNAY N,MAGESAN M,CONNOR J.Diffracted noise attenuation in shallow water 3Dmarine surveys[J].Expanded Abstracts of 75th Annual Internat SEG Mtg,2005:2138-2141
[11]牛华伟,吴春红.海洋地震资料中强能量噪声压制的分频振幅衰减法应用研究[J].石油物探,2013,52(4):394-401NIU H W,WU C H.Application of frequency-dependent amplitude attenuation method to suppress strong-energy noise in offshore seismic data[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2013,52(4):394-401
[12]甘其刚,彭大钧.叠前时空域线性干扰的衰减及应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(2):123-125GAN Q G,PENG D J.Elimination of linear interference in time-space domain and its application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2004,43(2):123-125
[13]武克奋.双向预测法压制线性干扰波和多次波[J].石油物探,2005,44(5):458-460WU K F.Strong linear interferences and multiples suppression based on dual prediction model[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2005,44(5):458-460
[14]CHOO J,SUDHAKAR V.A new seismic processing technique to LIFT noise and multiple[R].Calgary:CSEG and Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Joint National Convention,2003
[15]李来林,魏大力.LIFT去噪方法在地震资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(2):193-195LI L L,WEI D L.Application of LIFT de-noise method in seismic data processing[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2007,46(2):193-195
[16]万欢,但志伟,冯全雄.海上地震勘探外源干扰快速压制方法[J].工程地球物理学报,2010,7(1):11-14WAN H,DAN Z W,FENG Q X.Outsource perturbation suppression in offshore seismic exploration[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2010,7(1):11-14
[17]王润秋,郑桂娟,付洪洲,等.地震资料处理中的形态滤波去噪方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(3):277-282WANG R Q,ZHENG G J,FU H Z,et al.Noise-eliminated method by morphologic filtering in seismic data processing[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(3):277-282
[18]段中钰,王润秋.多尺度形态学在地震资料处理中的应用研究[J].勘探地球物理进展,2010,33(2):135-140DUAN Z Y,WANG R Q.Application of multiscale morphology in seismic data processing[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2010,33(2):135-140
[19]刘伟,曹思远,王征,等.随机噪声的多尺度多方向域压制方法研究[J].石油物探,2011,50(3):301-305LIU W,CAO S Y,WANG Z,et al.Multi-scale&multi-direction suppressing method for random noise[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,50(3):301-305
[20]SERRA J.Image analysis and mathematical morphology[M].New York:Academic Press,1982:1-610
[21]SERRA J.Image analysis and mathematical morphology:theoretical advances[M].New York:Academic Press,1988:1-411
[22]LI Z,YANG Y,JIANG W.Multi-scale morphologic tracking approach for edge detection[J].International Conference on Image and Graphics,2007:358-362
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