铜对控轧控冷低合金耐磨钢组织及强韧性的影响
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摘要
为研究Cu对控轧控冷低合金耐磨钢组织及强韧性的影响,选用含Cu和不含Cu两种低合金钢板进行对比试验。借助JMatPro软件计算CCT曲线,利用OM与TEM等分析组织、析出相,万能拉伸试验机与冲击试验机测试钢的强度与低温冲击韧性。结果表明,低合金耐磨钢中添加Cu元素,奥氏体稳定性增加,使得铁素体与珠光体相变推迟,CCT曲线右移。两组试验钢控轧控冷处理后室温组织是板条马氏体加下贝氏体,含Cu试验钢马氏体含量略高且马氏体板条尺寸细小,两组试验钢基体中均发现纳米析出相(Nb,Ti)C与(Nb,Ti,Mo)C。添加质量分数0.49%Cu的耐磨钢屈服强度比未添加Cu耐磨钢高70.5MPa,并且在-60℃仍然具有较高的低温韧性。低合金耐磨钢中添加Cu有利于提高钢的强度,改善低温韧性。
The effect of copper on the microstructure and strength and ductility of low alloy wear resistance steels without copper and copper bearing was studied.The CCT curve was calculated by JmatPro software.The microstructure was analyzed by OM and TEM and the mechanical properties and ductility were tested by universal tensile testing machine and impact testing machine.The results show that the element of copper increases the stability of austenite and the transformation of ferrite and pearlite is postponed for the copper bearing steel.The microstructure is composed of matensite and lower bainite for the experimental steels and the content of martensite of the steel bearing copper is higher than the steel without copper.There are nano-size precipitations of(Nb,Ti)C and(Nb,Ti,Mo)C in the matrix of the two steels.The yield strength and the impact energy at-60℃ of the steel with 0.49 mass% copper is higher than that of the steel without copper.The element of copper is benefit to improve strength and low temperature ductility for the low alloy resistant steel.
The effect of copper on the microstructure and strength and ductility of low alloy wear resistance steels without copper and copper bearing was studied.The CCT curve was calculated by JmatPro software.The microstructure was analyzed by OM and TEM and the mechanical properties and ductility were tested by universal tensile testing machine and impact testing machine.The results show that the element of copper increases the stability of austenite and the transformation of ferrite and pearlite is postponed for the copper bearing steel.The microstructure is composed of matensite and lower bainite for the experimental steels and the content of martensite of the steel bearing copper is higher than the steel without copper.There are nano-size precipitations of(Nb,Ti)C and(Nb,Ti,Mo)C in the matrix of the two steels.The yield strength and the impact energy at-60℃ of the steel with 0.49 mass% copper is higher than that of the steel without copper.The element of copper is benefit to improve strength and low temperature ductility for the low alloy resistant steel.
引文
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[28]愈德刚.钢的强韧化理论与设计[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,1990.(Yu D G.The Theory and Design of Strength and Toughness of Steel[M].Shanghai:Shanghai JiaoTong University Press,1990.)
[2]姚昊,周圆.浅谈煤炭机械的磨损及耐磨钢的重要应用[J].山东工业技术,2014(3):110.(Yao H,Zhou Y.Discussion on the important application of wear and wear resistant steel for coal machinery[J].Shandong Industrial Technology,2014(3):110.)
[3]刘伟建,李晶,霍向东.高强度低合金耐磨钢NM400的强韧化机制[J].钢铁研究学报,2014,26(7):77.(Liu W J,Li J,Huo X D.Mechanism of strengthening and toughening for wear resistant steel NM400with high strength and low alloy[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2014,26(7):77.)
[4]戴葆青.矿山机械磨损与腐蚀失效分析及防护措施[J].矿山机械,2008(2):44.(Dai B Q.Failure analysis and protection measures of wear and corrosion of mine machinery[J].Mining Machinery,2008(2):44.)
[5]Song H Y,Li C M,Lan L Y,et al,Impact toughness of an NM400wear resistant steel[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International,2013,20(8):72.
[6]练容彪,宋新莉,马玉喜,等.合金元素对低合金耐磨钢组织及性能的影响[J].金属热处理,2016,12(1):50.(Lian R B,Song X L,Ma Y X.et al Influence of alloy element on micro-structure and mechanical properties of low alloy wear resistant steel[J].Heat Treatment of Metals,2016,12(1):50.)
[7]Ojala N,Valtonen K,Heino V,et al,Effect of composition and microstructure on the abrasive wear performance of quenched wear resistant steels[J].Wear,2014,317:225.
[8]Chung R J,Tang X,Li D Y,et al.Microstructure refinement of hypereutectic high Cr cast irons using hard carbide-forming elements for improved wear resistance[J].Wear,2013,301:695.
[9]曹艺,王昭东,姜在伟,等.高强韧性低合金耐磨钢的开发与研究[J].轧钢,2011,28(6):3.(Cao Y,Wang Z D,Jiang Z W,et al.Development and research of wear-resistant steel with high strength and toughness[J].Steel Rolling,2011,28(6):3.)
[10]张国庆,王福明,李天生,等.奥氏体化对含Nb NM500低合金高强度耐磨钢晶粒和硬度的影响[J].热加工工艺,2014,43(18):94.(Zhang G Q,Wang F M,Li T S,et al.Influence of austenize on grain and hardness of Nb bearing NM450low alloy high strength wear-resistant steel[J].Hot Working Technology,2014,43(18):94.)
[11]胡日荣,蔡庆伍,武会宾,等.Nb微合金化对NM550耐磨钢力学性能和组织的影响[J].华南理工大学学报:自然科学版,2013,41(10):85.(Hu R R,Cai Q W,Wu H B,et al.Effect of Nb micro-alloying on mechanical properties and microstructure of NM550wear-resistant steel[J].Journal of SCUT:Natural Science Edition,2013,41(10):85.)
[12]Han G,Xie Z J,Xiong L,et al.Evolution of nano-size precipitation and mechanical properties in a high strength ductility low alloy steel through intercritical treatment[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2017,705A:89.
[13]Zhou W H,Guo H,Xie Z J,et al.Copper precitation and its impact on mechanical properties in a low carbon microalloyed steel processed by a three-step heat treatment[J].Materials and Design,2014,63:42.
[14]沈剑峰.铬系白口铸铁腐蚀磨损行为的研究[J].中国铸造装备与技术,2010(4):21.(Shen J F.Study on abrasion behavior of white Cr cast iron[J].China Foundry Machinery and Technology,2010(4):21.)
[15]Han G,Xie Z J,Xiong L,et al.Evolution of nano-size precipitation and mechanical properties in a high strength-ductility low alloy steel through intercritical treatment[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2017,705A:89.
[16]Shi X B,Yan W,Wang W,et al.Novel Cu-bearing high strength pipeline steels with excellent resistance to hydrogen induced cracking[J].Materials and Design,2016,92:300.
[17]Jia Z,Misra R D K,Malley R O,et al.Fine-scale precipitation and mechanical properties of thin slab processed titanium niobium bearing high strength steels[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2011,528A:7077.
[18]Cho K C,Mun D J,Koo Y M,et al.Effect of niobium and titanium addition on the hot ductility of boron containing steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2011,528A:3556.
[19]Xu G,Gan X L,Ma G J,et al.The development of Ti-alloyed high strength microalloy steel[J].Materials and Design,2010,31:2891.
[20]Misra R D K,Nathani H,Hartmann J E,et al.Microstructural evolution in a new 770MPa hot rolled Nb-Ti microalloyed steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2005,394A:339.
[21]Hu J,Xu D L,Wang J J.Effect of cooling procedure on microstructures and mechanical properties of hot rolled Nb-Ti bainitic high strength steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2012,554A:79.
[22]Ghosh A,Das S,Chatterjee S.Ageing behavior of a Cubearing ultrahigh strength steel[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2008,486A:152.
[23]Kim Y W,Song S W,Seo S J,et al.Development of Ti and Mo micro-alloyed hot-rolled high strength sheet steel by controlling thermomechanical controlled processing schedule[J].Materials Science and Engineering,2013,565A:430.
[24]戴永年.二元合金相图集[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.(Dai Y N.Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009.)
[25]宋新莉,郭爱民,袁泽喜,等.铜含量对超高强度低碳贝氏体钢力学性能的影响[J].特殊钢,2007,28(1):19.(Song X L,Guo A M,Yuan Z X,et al.Effect of Cu content on mechanical properties of ultra-high strength low carbon bainitic steel[J].Special Steel,2007,28(1):19.)
[26]Guo A M,Song X L,Tang J Q,et al.Effect of tempering temperature on the mechanical properties and microstructure of an copper-bearing low carbon bainitic steel[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2008,15(1):38.
[27]Sun M X,Zhang W N,Liu Z Y,et al.Direct observations on the crystal structure evolution of nano Cu-precipitates in an extremely low carbon steel[J].Materials Letters,2017,197:49.
[28]愈德刚.钢的强韧化理论与设计[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,1990.(Yu D G.The Theory and Design of Strength and Toughness of Steel[M].Shanghai:Shanghai JiaoTong University Press,1990.)
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