圆形隧道环向存在隐伏充填溶腔时防突岩墙的上限稳定性分析
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摘要
岩溶隧道施工中遭遇高压充填溶腔时,若防突岩墙的稳定性不足易造成突水突泥等地质灾害.因此基于极限分析原理提出了一种分析防突岩墙稳定性的研究思路.针对隧道环向遭遇隐伏充填溶腔的工况,利用广义切线法获得Hoek-Brown非线性破坏准则的转化强度参数,构建了岩墙二维计算模型.并结合上限原理与强度折减技术,将安全系数引入能耗分析过程,达到了表征防突岩墙稳定性的目的.最后,通过优化分析,探讨了岩墙安全系数随各参数的响应情况.研究结果表明:除围岩重度参数外,岩墙厚度、溶腔充填物压力、隧道支护压力、圆形隧道断面直径、单轴抗压强度、Hoek-Brown常数等,都对岩墙安全系数的变化影响显著.此外,将方法应用至"宜万铁路"、"忠垫高速"和"恩来高速"的岩溶隧道中,良好的结果验证了方法的可行性.
When the construction of tunnels encounters with the filled Karst cave,the instability of confining rocks normally causes the geological hazards like water or mud inrush.Based on the limit analysis theorem,a calculation method to investigate the stability of confining rocks was proposed.In view of latent filled karst cave existing in the circumferential direction of the tunnel,transformed strength parameters of Hoek-Brown nonlinear failure criterion were obtained by virtue of the generalized tangent technique,and the two-dimensional model was constructed as well.In order to characterize the stability of the confining rocks,safety factor was introduced into the energy dissipation analysis on the basis of upper bound theorem and strength reduction technique.The variations of safety factor with respect to the diverse parameters were then discussed through optimization analysis.The computed results show that the parameters,including thickness of rock plug,pressure in Karst cave,tunnel supporting pressure,diameter of the circular cross section,uniaxial compressive strength,and parameters of Hoek-Brown failure criterion had significant influence on the variations of safety factor.And it is found that the safety factor was insensitive to the change of unit weight of surrounding rock.Moreover,the proposed method was applied to engineering projects,and reasonable results were obtained,which verified the validity of the proposed method.
When the construction of tunnels encounters with the filled Karst cave,the instability of confining rocks normally causes the geological hazards like water or mud inrush.Based on the limit analysis theorem,a calculation method to investigate the stability of confining rocks was proposed.In view of latent filled karst cave existing in the circumferential direction of the tunnel,transformed strength parameters of Hoek-Brown nonlinear failure criterion were obtained by virtue of the generalized tangent technique,and the two-dimensional model was constructed as well.In order to characterize the stability of the confining rocks,safety factor was introduced into the energy dissipation analysis on the basis of upper bound theorem and strength reduction technique.The variations of safety factor with respect to the diverse parameters were then discussed through optimization analysis.The computed results show that the parameters,including thickness of rock plug,pressure in Karst cave,tunnel supporting pressure,diameter of the circular cross section,uniaxial compressive strength,and parameters of Hoek-Brown failure criterion had significant influence on the variations of safety factor.And it is found that the safety factor was insensitive to the change of unit weight of surrounding rock.Moreover,the proposed method was applied to engineering projects,and reasonable results were obtained,which verified the validity of the proposed method.
引文
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[8]张旭东,汪海滨,封明君,等.释能降压工法在高压富水岩溶隧道风险规避中的应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(A01):2782-2791.ZHANG Xudong,WANG Haibin,FENG Mingjun,et al.Study of the application of energy releasing and pressure reducing aim to evade risk in water-enriched high hydraulic pressure latent karst tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(A01):2782-2791.(In Chinese)
[9]CHEN W F.Limit analysis and soil plasticity[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company,1975:10-15.
[10]康石磊,杨峰,张箭,等.基于强度折减和上限有限元的椭圆形毛洞隧道围岩稳定性分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2015,42(9):104-109.KANG Shilei,YANG Feng,ZHANG Jian,et al.Finite element upper bound analysis of stability of unlined elliptical tunnel based on strength reduction method[J].Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences,2015,42(9):104-109.(In Chinese)
[11]赵明华,毛韬,牛浩懿,等.上硬下软地层盾构隧道开挖面极限支护力分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2016,43(1):103-109.ZHAO Minghua,MAO Tao,NIU Haoyi,et al.Analysis of limit supporting force of tunnel excavation face for shield machine in upper-hard lower-soft ground[J].Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences,2016,43(1):103-109.(In Chinese)
[12]HOEK E,CARRANZA C,CORKUM B.Hoek-Brown failure criterion-2002edition[C]//HAMMAH R,BAWDEN W F,CURRAN J.Proceedings of the North American Rock Mechanics Society NARMS-TAC 2002.Toronto:University of Toronto Press,2002:267-273.
[13]朱合华,张琦,章连洋.Hoek-Brown强度准则研究进展与应用综述[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(10):1945-1963.ZHU Hehua,ZHANG Qi,ZHANG Lianyang.Review of research progresses and applications of hoek-brown strength criterion[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(10):1945-1963.(In Chinese)
[14]SENENT S,MOLLON G,JIMENEZ R.Tunnel face stability in heavily fractured rock masses that follow the Hoek-Brown failure criterion[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2013,60(2):440-451.
[15]HOEK E,BROWN E T.Practical estimates of rock mass strength[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34(8):1165-1186.
[16]YANG X L,YIN J H.Slope equivalent mohr-coulomb strength parameters for rock masses satisfying the hoekbrown criterion[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2010,43(4):505-511.
[17]YANG X L,YIN J H.Linear Mohr-Coulomb strength parameters from the non-linear Hoek-Brown rock masses[J].International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics,2006,41(8):1000-1005.
[18]YANG X L,LI L,YIN J H.Stability analysis of rock slopes with a modified Hoek-Brown failure criterion[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2004,28:181-190.
[19]BISHOP A W.The use of pore-pressure coefficients in practice[J].Geotechnique,1954,4(4):148-152.
[20]邹小新.宜万铁路运营期地质灾害风险管理体系研究[D].北京:北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,2014:66-68.ZOU Xiaoxin.Study on risk management system of geological disaster in the operation period of yichang-wanzhou railway[D].Beijing:School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,2014:66-68.(In Chinese)
[21]郭明.隐伏溶洞对隧道围岩稳定性的影响规律及鄂西山区岩溶处治技术研究[D].济南:山东大学土建与水利学院,2014:133-135.GUO Ming.Study on concealed karst cave's influence on karst tunnel stability and treatment technology on tunnels of E-xi mountainous[D].Jinan:School of Civil Engineering,Shandong University,2014:133-135.(In Chinese)
[22]莫阳春.隧道底部隐伏空腔充水对二次衬砌内力影响研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2011,38(5):31-37.MO Yangchun.Research on the effect of concealed bottom water-filled cavity tunnel on internal forces of secondary lining[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2011,38(5):31-37.(In Chinese)
[2]李利平,李术才,张庆松.岩溶地区隧道裂隙水突出力学机制研究[J].岩土力学,2010,31(2):523-528.LI Liping,LI Shucai,ZHANG Qingsong.Study of mechanism of water inrush induced by hydraulic fracturing in karst tunnels[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(2):523-528.(In Chinese)
[3]PESENDORFER M,LOEW S.Subsurface exploration and transient pressure testing from a deep tunnel in fractured and karstified limestones(L9tschberg Base Tunnel,Switzerland)[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science,2010,47(1):121-137.
[4]MEGUID M A,DAND H K.The effect of erosion voids on existing tunnel linings[J].Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2008,4(2):1-9.
[5]郭佳奇.岩溶隧道防突厚度及突水机制研究[D].北京:北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,2011:92-106.GUO Jiaqi.Study on against-inrush thiekness and waterburst mechanism of kafst tunnel[D].Beijing:School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,2011:92-106.(In Chinese)
[6]刘超群,彭红君.隧道掌子面与溶洞安全距离分析[J].现代隧道技术,2012,49(3):109-113.LIU Chaoqun,PENG Hongjun.Analysis of the safe distance between a tunnel face and karst cave[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2012,49(3):109-113.(In Chinese)
[7]郭佳奇,乔春生,曹茜.侧部高压富水溶腔与隧道间岩柱安全厚度的研究[J].现代隧道技术,2010,47(6):10-16.GUO Jiaqi,QIAO Chunsheng,CAO Qian.Research on safe thickness of rock pillar between the tunnel and adjacent karst cave with pressurized water[J].Modern Tunnelling Technology,2010,47(6):10-16.(In Chinese)
[8]张旭东,汪海滨,封明君,等.释能降压工法在高压富水岩溶隧道风险规避中的应用研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(A01):2782-2791.ZHANG Xudong,WANG Haibin,FENG Mingjun,et al.Study of the application of energy releasing and pressure reducing aim to evade risk in water-enriched high hydraulic pressure latent karst tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(A01):2782-2791.(In Chinese)
[9]CHEN W F.Limit analysis and soil plasticity[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company,1975:10-15.
[10]康石磊,杨峰,张箭,等.基于强度折减和上限有限元的椭圆形毛洞隧道围岩稳定性分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2015,42(9):104-109.KANG Shilei,YANG Feng,ZHANG Jian,et al.Finite element upper bound analysis of stability of unlined elliptical tunnel based on strength reduction method[J].Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences,2015,42(9):104-109.(In Chinese)
[11]赵明华,毛韬,牛浩懿,等.上硬下软地层盾构隧道开挖面极限支护力分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2016,43(1):103-109.ZHAO Minghua,MAO Tao,NIU Haoyi,et al.Analysis of limit supporting force of tunnel excavation face for shield machine in upper-hard lower-soft ground[J].Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences,2016,43(1):103-109.(In Chinese)
[12]HOEK E,CARRANZA C,CORKUM B.Hoek-Brown failure criterion-2002edition[C]//HAMMAH R,BAWDEN W F,CURRAN J.Proceedings of the North American Rock Mechanics Society NARMS-TAC 2002.Toronto:University of Toronto Press,2002:267-273.
[13]朱合华,张琦,章连洋.Hoek-Brown强度准则研究进展与应用综述[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(10):1945-1963.ZHU Hehua,ZHANG Qi,ZHANG Lianyang.Review of research progresses and applications of hoek-brown strength criterion[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(10):1945-1963.(In Chinese)
[14]SENENT S,MOLLON G,JIMENEZ R.Tunnel face stability in heavily fractured rock masses that follow the Hoek-Brown failure criterion[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2013,60(2):440-451.
[15]HOEK E,BROWN E T.Practical estimates of rock mass strength[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1997,34(8):1165-1186.
[16]YANG X L,YIN J H.Slope equivalent mohr-coulomb strength parameters for rock masses satisfying the hoekbrown criterion[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2010,43(4):505-511.
[17]YANG X L,YIN J H.Linear Mohr-Coulomb strength parameters from the non-linear Hoek-Brown rock masses[J].International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics,2006,41(8):1000-1005.
[18]YANG X L,LI L,YIN J H.Stability analysis of rock slopes with a modified Hoek-Brown failure criterion[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2004,28:181-190.
[19]BISHOP A W.The use of pore-pressure coefficients in practice[J].Geotechnique,1954,4(4):148-152.
[20]邹小新.宜万铁路运营期地质灾害风险管理体系研究[D].北京:北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,2014:66-68.ZOU Xiaoxin.Study on risk management system of geological disaster in the operation period of yichang-wanzhou railway[D].Beijing:School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,2014:66-68.(In Chinese)
[21]郭明.隐伏溶洞对隧道围岩稳定性的影响规律及鄂西山区岩溶处治技术研究[D].济南:山东大学土建与水利学院,2014:133-135.GUO Ming.Study on concealed karst cave's influence on karst tunnel stability and treatment technology on tunnels of E-xi mountainous[D].Jinan:School of Civil Engineering,Shandong University,2014:133-135.(In Chinese)
[22]莫阳春.隧道底部隐伏空腔充水对二次衬砌内力影响研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2011,38(5):31-37.MO Yangchun.Research on the effect of concealed bottom water-filled cavity tunnel on internal forces of secondary lining[J].Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,2011,38(5):31-37.(In Chinese)