摘要
隧道洞内导线控制网的短边引起较大的方位误差,将影响隧道贯通精度。对此,介绍采用5~7个公共棱镜侧方边角交会构成的线状网代替导线短边、整体传递控制网坐标、方位的方法,避免了仪器、棱镜的对点误差对方位传递的不利影响;采用角度、距离方差分量估计定权以及稳健估计方法平差保证数据处理结果可靠。经模拟试验测试验证,采用多公共点传递20~60 m短距离导线边的方位精度可达2.0″,有效提高了导线短边方位传递的精度与可靠性。
The short distance in traverse network causes large azimuth error which will impact the tunnel breakthrough accuracy. Herein a method, which used a linear network made up of joint 5~7 common side square corners of prism instead of the short distance in traverse to transfer as a whole the coordinates and azimuth of network, was introduced, avoiding the undesirable effects on azimuth transfer caused by centering errors of instrument and prism. Moreover, depending on the weight determination from variance component estimation of angle and distance, together with the adjustment from robust estimation, the result of data processing was guaranteed to be reliable. Through the simulation test, it was verified that the azimuth accuracy of multiple common points transfer in 20~60 m traverse might reach 2.0", improving the accuracy and reliability of the azimuth transfer of short distance.
引文
[1] 付宏平,郭际明,张正禄.特长隧道贯通误差预计方法研究[J].测绘通报,2015(2):80-83.FU H P,GUO J M,ZHANG Z L.Research on the method of extra-long tunnel breakthrough error estimates[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2015(2):80-83.
[2] 李学仕,郑成沛.陀螺定向测量在广州地铁鱼大区间的应用与研究[J].铁道勘察,2008,34(1):8-11,43.LI X S,ZHENG C P.Research and application of gyro-station orientation survey at Yuzhu-Dashadi section in Guangzhou subway[J].Railway Investigation and Surveying,2008,34(1):8-11,43.
[3] 中铁二局工程有限公司.一种多公共转点侧方交会导线测量方法:CN201510188630[P].2017-03-01.China Railway No.2 Croup Co.,Ltd.Multi-common-turning-point lateral intersection traverse surveying method:CN201510188630[P].2017-03-01.
[4] 陈光金,徐涛,汤宪海,等.隧道洞内CPⅡ导线测量旁折光的影响与对策探讨[J].铁道勘察,2014,40(2):4-8.CHEN G J,XU T,TANG X H,et al.Discussion on influence and countermeasures Oo horizontal refraction error FOR CPⅡ measurement in railway tunnel[J].Railway Investigation and Surveying,2014,40(2):4-8.
[5] 孔祥元,郭际明.控制测量学:下册[M].3版.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2006.KONG X Y,GUO J M.Control Surveying:volume II[M].3rd ed.Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2006.
[6] 王新洲,陶本藻,邱卫宁.高等测量平差[M].北京:测绘出版社,2006.WANG X Z,TAO B Z,QIU W N.Advanced Surveying Adjustment[M].Beijing:Surveying and Mapping Press,2006.
[7] 武汉大学测绘学院测量平差学科组.误差理论与测量平差基础[M].3版.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2014.Surveying and Adjustment Discipline Group,School of Surveying and Mapping,Wuhan University.Error Theory and Foundation of Surveying Adjustment[M].3rd ed.Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2014.