熔模精密铸造技术研究进展
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摘要
熔模精密铸造是一种原料利用率高的近净成形技术,适合难加工类零件和复杂薄壁件的精密成形,是航空航天、先进制造等领域高附加值精密部件的重要生产技术。以高温合金、钛合金和钛铝金属间化合物为例,概述了熔模精密铸造技术在航空发动机叶片领域的应用,综述了型壳材料与型芯成形等技术的发展历史与研究现状。主要围绕耐火材料介绍了高温合金、钛合金等金属精密铸造型壳技术的特性与优缺点,重点介绍了氧化物陶瓷型壳的发展情况,最后结合金属-陶瓷界面反应和铸件氧含量控制这两个突出问题,评述了熔模精密铸造技术目前存在的难题与发展前景。
Investment casting is a near net forming technology with high utilization ratio of raw materials, and suitable for precision forming of difficult machining parts and complex thin-walled parts. It is an important production technology of high value-added precision parts in aerospace and advanced manufacturing field. In this paper, superalloy, titanium alloy and titanium aluminide intermetallic compounds were took as examples and the application of investment casting in aeroengine blades with them was summarized. The development history and study status of shell mold materials and making method of cores were mainly reviewed. The technological characteristics accompanying advantages and shortcomings of shell molds for superalloy and titanium alloy et al. were introduced mainly from the perspective of the refractory materials. What's more, oxide materials were emphatically introduced. In the end, the existing problems and development prospects were reviewed on the basis of two outstanding problems: metal-ceramic interface reaction and control of oxygen content in castings.
Investment casting is a near net forming technology with high utilization ratio of raw materials, and suitable for precision forming of difficult machining parts and complex thin-walled parts. It is an important production technology of high value-added precision parts in aerospace and advanced manufacturing field. In this paper, superalloy, titanium alloy and titanium aluminide intermetallic compounds were took as examples and the application of investment casting in aeroengine blades with them was summarized. The development history and study status of shell mold materials and making method of cores were mainly reviewed. The technological characteristics accompanying advantages and shortcomings of shell molds for superalloy and titanium alloy et al. were introduced mainly from the perspective of the refractory materials. What's more, oxide materials were emphatically introduced. In the end, the existing problems and development prospects were reviewed on the basis of two outstanding problems: metal-ceramic interface reaction and control of oxygen content in castings.
引文
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