甘肃省枸杞炭疽病菌对4种甾醇脱甲基抑制剂的敏感性
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摘要
为明确甘肃省枸杞炭疽病菌对甾醇脱甲基抑制剂类药剂(DMIs)的敏感性,采用菌丝生长速率法测定了采自甘肃省靖远县3个地区及景泰县3个地区共102株枸杞炭疽病菌对苯醚甲环唑、戊唑醇、丙环唑及氟硅唑的敏感性,分别就不同年份、不同地区间胶孢炭疽复合种和尖孢炭疽复合种对4种DMIs杀菌剂的敏感性差异进行了分析。结果表明:供试46株枸杞胶孢炭疽复合种整体上对苯醚甲环唑、戊唑醇、丙环唑和氟硅唑仍表现为敏感,EC_(50)值分别在0.28～1.20、0.11～2.98、0.32～2.84和0.35～3.85μg/mL之间;而56株尖孢炭疽复合种对4种药剂的敏感性则出现了不同程度分化,部分菌株疑似已出现敏感性下降现象,其中,对苯醚甲环唑、戊唑醇、丙环唑和氟硅唑敏感性最低的菌株EC_(50)值分别为1.63、3.80、6.21和4.74μg/mL。不同年份间采集的枸杞胶孢炭疽复合种和尖孢炭疽复合种对4种杀菌剂的敏感性均存在显著差异,2017年采集的菌株敏感性相对更低,4种杀菌剂对胶孢炭疽复合种的平均EC_(50)值分别为(0.84±0.03)、(1.23±0.13)、(1.19±0.09)和(1.69±0.17)μg/mL,对尖孢炭疽复合种的平均EC_(50)值分别为(1.06±0.03)、(2.25±0.15)、(2.43±0.20)和(2.85±0.19)μg/mL。不同地区枸杞炭疽病菌对4种杀菌剂的敏感性表现不同,其中靖远县五合镇的胶孢炭疽复合种对4种杀菌剂敏感性最低,平均EC_(50)值分别为(0.79±0.12)、(1.28±0.87)、(1.39±1.05)和(1.74±1.04)μg/mL,景泰县草窝滩镇的胶孢炭疽复合种对苯醚甲环唑和丙环唑敏感性最高,平均EC_(50)值为(0.28±0.10)和(0.46±0.10)μg/mL,对戊唑醇和氟硅唑敏感性最高的胶孢炭疽复合种来自景泰县寺滩乡,平均EC_(50)值为(0.42±0.16)和(0.65±0.09)μg/mL;不同地区间采集的尖孢炭疽复合种对4种杀菌剂的敏感性则不存在显著差异。研究结果可为甘肃省枸杞炭疽病防治中杀菌剂的合理使用及延缓抗药性发展提供依据。
The objective of this work is to evaluate the sensitivity of Colletotrichum spp. isolated from wolfberry in Gansu Province to sterol demethylation inhibitors(DMIs). The petri plate was adopted to test the sensitivities of 102 isolates of Colletotrichum spp. from wolfberry at three different regions in Jingyuan and three different regions in Jingtai in Gansu province to 4 DMIs fungicides including difenoconazole, tebuconazole, propiconazole and flusilazole. The sensitivity differentiation of C.gloeosporioides species complex and C. acutatum species complex collected indifferent years and from different regions to four fungicides was analyzed respectively. The results indicated that the overall sensitivities of 46 C. gloeosporioides species complex to difenoconazole, tebuconazole, propiconazole and flusilazole were high. EC_(50) value ranged from 0.28 to1.20 μg/mL, 0.11 to 2.98 μg/mL, 0.32 to2.84 μg/mL and 0.35 to 3.85 μg/mL, respectively. However, the sensitivities of 56 tested C. acutatum species complex isolates to four DMIs fungicides were different and some strains were suspected to have decreased sensitivity. The average EC_(50) values of the least sensitive strains to difenoconazole,tebuconazole, propiconazole and flusilazole are 1.63,3.8,6.21 and 4.74 μg/mL, respectively. The sensitivities of C. gloeosporioides species complex and C. acutatum species complex collected in different years to those 4 DMIs fungicides showed significant difference and the collected strains in2017 showed relatively lower sensitivities. The average EC_(50) values of C. gloeosporioides species complex to four DMIs fungicides respectively were(0.84 ± 0.03),(1.23 ± 0.13),(1.19 ± 0.09) and(1.69 ±0.17) μg/mL, respectively. The average EC_(50) values of C. acutatum species complex to four DMIs fungicides respectively were(1.06 ± 0.03),(2.25 ± 0.15),(2.43 ± 0.20) and(2.85 ± 0.19)μg/mL,respectively. The sensitivities of Colletotrichum spp. isolates collected from different areas to those 4 fungicides were different. The strains of C. gloeosporioides species complex collected from Wuhe Jingyuan county had the lowest sensitivity. The average EC_(50) values were(0.79 ± 0.12),(1.28 ± 0.87),(1.39 ± 1.05) and(1.74 ± 1.04) μg/mL, respectively. The strains with the highest sensitivity to difenoconazole and propiconazole were collected from Caowotan Jingtai county, and the average EC_(50) values were(0.28 ± 0.10) and(0.46 ± 0.10) μg/mL, respectively. The strains with the highest sensitivity to tebuconazole and flusilazole were collected from Sitan Jingtai county, and the average EC_(50) values were(0.42 ± 0.16) and(0.65 ± 0.09) μg/mL, respectively. There was no significant difference among the sensitivities of C. acutatum species complex from different areas to those 4 fungicides. The results provided the theoretical basis for the rational use of fungicides to control wolfberry anthracnose in Gansu Province and delaying resistance development.
The objective of this work is to evaluate the sensitivity of Colletotrichum spp. isolated from wolfberry in Gansu Province to sterol demethylation inhibitors(DMIs). The petri plate was adopted to test the sensitivities of 102 isolates of Colletotrichum spp. from wolfberry at three different regions in Jingyuan and three different regions in Jingtai in Gansu province to 4 DMIs fungicides including difenoconazole, tebuconazole, propiconazole and flusilazole. The sensitivity differentiation of C.gloeosporioides species complex and C. acutatum species complex collected indifferent years and from different regions to four fungicides was analyzed respectively. The results indicated that the overall sensitivities of 46 C. gloeosporioides species complex to difenoconazole, tebuconazole, propiconazole and flusilazole were high. EC_(50) value ranged from 0.28 to1.20 μg/mL, 0.11 to 2.98 μg/mL, 0.32 to2.84 μg/mL and 0.35 to 3.85 μg/mL, respectively. However, the sensitivities of 56 tested C. acutatum species complex isolates to four DMIs fungicides were different and some strains were suspected to have decreased sensitivity. The average EC_(50) values of the least sensitive strains to difenoconazole,tebuconazole, propiconazole and flusilazole are 1.63,3.8,6.21 and 4.74 μg/mL, respectively. The sensitivities of C. gloeosporioides species complex and C. acutatum species complex collected in different years to those 4 DMIs fungicides showed significant difference and the collected strains in2017 showed relatively lower sensitivities. The average EC_(50) values of C. gloeosporioides species complex to four DMIs fungicides respectively were(0.84 ± 0.03),(1.23 ± 0.13),(1.19 ± 0.09) and(1.69 ±0.17) μg/mL, respectively. The average EC_(50) values of C. acutatum species complex to four DMIs fungicides respectively were(1.06 ± 0.03),(2.25 ± 0.15),(2.43 ± 0.20) and(2.85 ± 0.19)μg/mL,respectively. The sensitivities of Colletotrichum spp. isolates collected from different areas to those 4 fungicides were different. The strains of C. gloeosporioides species complex collected from Wuhe Jingyuan county had the lowest sensitivity. The average EC_(50) values were(0.79 ± 0.12),(1.28 ± 0.87),(1.39 ± 1.05) and(1.74 ± 1.04) μg/mL, respectively. The strains with the highest sensitivity to difenoconazole and propiconazole were collected from Caowotan Jingtai county, and the average EC_(50) values were(0.28 ± 0.10) and(0.46 ± 0.10) μg/mL, respectively. The strains with the highest sensitivity to tebuconazole and flusilazole were collected from Sitan Jingtai county, and the average EC_(50) values were(0.42 ± 0.16) and(0.65 ± 0.09) μg/mL, respectively. There was no significant difference among the sensitivities of C. acutatum species complex from different areas to those 4 fungicides. The results provided the theoretical basis for the rational use of fungicides to control wolfberry anthracnose in Gansu Province and delaying resistance development.
引文
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[3]李海霞.枸杞炭疽病综合防治试验报告[J].农业科技与信息,2014,11(8):26-27.LI H X.Comprehensive control test report on anthracnose of wolfberry[J].Agric Sci-Technol Information,2014,11(8):26-27.
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[5]曲玲,焦恩宁,张宗山.枸杞炭疽病研究进展[J].北方园艺2011(20):195-199.QU L,JIAO E N,ZHANG Z S.Research advances on anthracnose of wolfberry[J].Northern Horticulture,2011(20):195-199.
[6]SUN G Y,CUI J Q,WANG S F,et al.First report of anthracnose of Lycium barb arum caused by Colletotrichuma cutatum in China[J].Plant Dis,2008,92(10):1471.
[7]唐慧锋,赵世华,谢施讳,等.枸杞炭疽病发生规律试验观察初报[J].落叶果树,2003(5):55-57.TANG H F,ZHAO S H,XIE S W,et al.Preliminary observation on regularity?of?outbreak in anthracnose of wolfberry[J].Deciduous Fruits,2003(5):55-57.
[8]邓维萍,杨敏,杜飞,等.葡萄胶孢炭疽菌对3种麦角甾醇脱甲基抑制剂类杀菌剂的敏感性[J].农药学学报,2011,13(3):245-252.DENG W P,YANG M,DU F,et al.Sensitivity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing grape anthracnose to three sterol demethylation inhibitor(DMI)fungicides[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2011,13(3):245-252.
[9]刘霞,杨克强,朱玉凤,等.8种杀菌剂对核桃炭疽病病原菌胶孢炭疽菌的室内毒力[J].农药学学报,2013,15(4):412-420.LIU X,YANG K Q,ZHU Y F,et al.Laboratory toxicity of eight fungicides against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides causing walnut anthracnose[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2013,15(4):412-420.
[10]宋丹丹,张伊莹,张琳婧,等.杨树炭疽病菌对多菌灵及3种DMIs杀菌剂的敏感性[J].农药学学报,2016,18(5):567-574.SONG D D,ZHANG Y Y,ZHANG L J,et al.Sensitivities of poplar anthracnose fungi isolates to carbendazim and three C-14ademethylation inhibitors[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2016,18(5):567-574.
[11]丁向阳,徐建强,邓全恩,等.柿炭疽病化学防治药剂的初步筛选[J].经济林研究,2015,33(4):148-151.DING X Y,XU J Q,DENG Q E,et al.Preliminary selection of fungicides to anthracnose pathogens in persimmon[J].Non-Wood For Res,2015,33(4):148-151.
[12]张全,韩君,张小兵,等.9种杀菌剂对苹果炭疽病菌的毒力比较[J].山东农业科学,2012,44(1):91-93.ZHANG Q,HAN J,ZHANG X B,et al.Toxicity comparison of nine fungicides to Glomerella cingulata[J].Shandong Agric Sci,2012,44(1):91-93.
[13]田春燕,徐军,董丰收,等.微生物降解三唑类杀菌剂研究进展[J].农药学学报,2016,18(2):141-150.TIAN C Y,XU J,DONG F S,et al.Research progress on microbial degradation of triazole fungicides[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2016,18(2):141-150.
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[15]KOLLER W,SCHEINPFLUG H.Fungal resistance to sterol biosythesis inhibitors:a new challenge[J].Plant Dis,1987,71(12):1066-1074.
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