河道型水库滑坡涌浪安全评估系统设计与实现
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摘要
山区河道型库岸滑坡及其产生的涌浪给库区航运、旅游、生产生活以及人员财产造成巨大威胁和损害。以三峡库区万州段为研究范围,基于Arc GIS Engine和Skyline等专业软件,在山区河道型水库滑坡涌浪安全评估系统整体设计的基础上,详细分析了初始涌浪高度、涌浪传播与衰减系数、固流能量交换系数、涌浪爬高、横摇角度以及涌浪安全评估等核心功能的实现流程、实现算法及具体操作。该系统不但能快速计算出滑坡产生后某特定网格单元的涌浪特征值,而且能通过系统的批量计算模拟得到研究区河段范围内所有网格单元的涌浪特征值分布情况。研究成果可为滑坡涌浪灾害空间预警及航道安全评价与管理等提供可视化分析平台。
Landslide and its surge of channel reservoir in mountain area causes great threat and damage to the navigation,tourism,production,life and personnel property in the reservoir area.The Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area was taken as the research scope.Based on professional software like Arc GIS Engine,Skyline and etc.,in view of the overall design of the landslide surge safety assessment system for river reservoirs in mountainous areas,the implementation process,calculation algorithms and specific operations of the core functions such as initial surge height,surge propagation attenuation coefficient,solid flow energy exchange coefficient,wave run-up,roll angle and surge safety assessment were analyzed in detail.The proposed system can not only quickly calculate the surge characteristic values of a particular grid element after the landslide occurs,but also obtain the distribution of surge eigenvalues of all grid elements in the river reach of the study area through the systematic batch calculation and simulation.The research results provide a visualization analysis platform for the spatial early warning of landslide surge disasters and the evaluation and management of waterway safety.
Landslide and its surge of channel reservoir in mountain area causes great threat and damage to the navigation,tourism,production,life and personnel property in the reservoir area.The Wanzhou section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area was taken as the research scope.Based on professional software like Arc GIS Engine,Skyline and etc.,in view of the overall design of the landslide surge safety assessment system for river reservoirs in mountainous areas,the implementation process,calculation algorithms and specific operations of the core functions such as initial surge height,surge propagation attenuation coefficient,solid flow energy exchange coefficient,wave run-up,roll angle and surge safety assessment were analyzed in detail.The proposed system can not only quickly calculate the surge characteristic values of a particular grid element after the landslide occurs,but also obtain the distribution of surge eigenvalues of all grid elements in the river reach of the study area through the systematic batch calculation and simulation.The research results provide a visualization analysis platform for the spatial early warning of landslide surge disasters and the evaluation and management of waterway safety.
引文
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[11]路鼎,王平义,喻涛,等.滑坡涌浪影响下船舶航行限制范围试验研究[J].水利水运工程学报,2014(4):70-74.LU Ding,WANG Pingyi,YU Tao,et al.Experimental studies of restricted waterway for ships during landslide generated waves[J].Hydro-science and Engineering,2014(4):70-74.
[12]肖莉丽,殷坤龙,王佳佳,等.基于物理模拟试验的库岸滑坡冲击涌浪[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(5):1618-1626.XIAO Lili,YIN Kunlong,WANG Jiajia,et al.Impulse wave generated by reservoir landslides based on physical model experiments[J].Journal of Central South University(Natural Science),2014,45(5):1618-1626.
[13]张永飞,喻涛,张婕,等.三峡库区滑坡涌浪作用下高桩码头船舶系缆力试验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(15):295-300.ZHANG Yongfei,YU Tao,ZHANG Jie,et al.Experimental study about ship mooring force of high-pile wharf under the action of the Three Gorges Reservoir landslide surge[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(15):295-300.
[14]袁晶,张小峰,张为.可变网格下的水库滑坡涌浪数值模拟研究[J].水科学进展,2008,19(4):546-551.YUAN Jing,ZHANG Xiaofeng,ZHANG Wei.Horizontal 2-D flow model with variable grid for simulating surges due to landslide in reservoirs[J].Advances in Water Science,2008,19(4):546-551.
[15]周桂云,李同春,钱七虎.水库滑坡涌浪传播有限元数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2013,34(4):1197-1201.ZHOU Guiyun,LI Tongchun,QIAN Qihu.Finite element numerical simulation of water waves due to reservoir landslides[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(4):1197-1201.
[16]赵兰浩,侯世超,毛佳.库区滑坡涌浪数值模拟方法研究进展[J].水利水电科技进展,2016,36(2):79-86.ZHAO Lanhao,HOU Shichao,MAO Jia.Review of numerical simulation of landslides and surges in reservoir districts[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2016,36(2):79-86.
[17]纪虹,司鹄.基于GIS技术的三峡库区滑坡涌浪灾害易损性可视化研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(9):166-171.JI Hong,SI Hu.Visualized analysis of surge vulnerability by landslides based on GIS in Three Gorges Reservoirs[J].China Safety Science Journal,2013,23(9):166-171.
[18]黄波林,殷跃平,王世昌,等.GIS技术支持下的滑坡涌浪灾害分析研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(增刊2):3844-3851.HUANG Bolin,YIN Yueping,WANG Shichang,et al.Landslide impulsive wave hazard study supported by GIS technology[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(Sup2):3844-3851.
[2]殷坤龙,杜娟,汪洋.清江水布垭库区大堰塘滑坡涌浪分析[J].岩土力学,2008,29(12):3266-3270.YIN Kunlong,DU Juan,WANG Yang.Analysis of surge triggered by Dayantang landslide in Shuibuya reservoir of Qingjiang river[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(12):3266-3270.
[3]代云霞,汪洋,殷坤龙,等.三峡库区巫山县某崩塌体涌浪调查及计算分析[J].武汉理工大学学报,2010,32(19):71-74.DAI Yunxia,WANG Yang,YIN Kunlong,et al.Surge survey and calculation analysis of a landslide in Wushan county in the Three Gorges Reservoir[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2010,32(19):71-74.
[4]任兴伟,唐益群,代云霞,等.滑坡初始涌浪高度计算方法的改进及其应用[J].水利学报,2009,40(9):1116-1119.REN Xingwei,TANG Yiqun,DAI Yunxia,et al.Improved method for calculating landslide initial surge height[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2009,40(9):1116-1119.
[5]李颖,王平义,胡小卫.山区河道型水库滑坡涌浪的计算研究[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2011,30(2):295-299.LI Ying,WANG Pingyi,HU Xiaowei.On calculation of the landslide surge of the river-channel type reservoir in mountainous area[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2011,30(2):295-299.
[6]黄波林,陈小婷,殷跃平,等.滑坡崩塌涌浪计算方法研究[J].工程地质学报,2012,20(6):909-915.HUANG Bolin,CHEN Xiaoting,YIN Yueping,et al.Computing system for impulse wave in reservoir generated by landslide&rockfall[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2012,20(6):909-915.
[7]杨渠锋,王平义,喻涛,等.三峡库区陡岩滑坡涌浪爬高试验分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2014,25(3):43-48+55..YANG Qufeng,WANG Pingyi,YU Tao,et al.Experimental research on dangerous rock-type landslide run-up of the river-channel type reservoir in mountainous area[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,2014,25(3):43-48+55.
[8]陈里.山区河道型水库岩体滑坡涌浪特性及对航道的影响试验研究[D].重庆:重庆交通大学,2014.CHENG Li.Experimental Study on Characteristics of Rock-type Landslide Surge and Impact for Navigable Conditions of the River-channel Type Reservoir in Mountainous Area[D].Chongqing:Chongqing Jiaotong University,2014.
[9]郝建娟,门永强,王平义,等.山区河道型水库陡岩滑坡涌浪首浪试验研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2014,38(3):672-675.HAO Jianjuan,MEN Yongqiang,WANG Pingyi,et al.Experimental research on dangerous rock-type landslide surge primary wave height of the river-channel type reservoir in mountainous area[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Transportation Science&Engineering),2014,38(3):672-675.
[10]许海勇,王平义,喻涛.滑坡涌浪影响下船舶安全锚泊范围试验研究[J].人民长江,2015,46(15):78-81.XU Haiyong,WANG Pingyi,YU Tao.Experimental studies of safety scope for ships anchorage under landslide generated waves[J].Yangtze River,2015,46(15):78-81.
[11]路鼎,王平义,喻涛,等.滑坡涌浪影响下船舶航行限制范围试验研究[J].水利水运工程学报,2014(4):70-74.LU Ding,WANG Pingyi,YU Tao,et al.Experimental studies of restricted waterway for ships during landslide generated waves[J].Hydro-science and Engineering,2014(4):70-74.
[12]肖莉丽,殷坤龙,王佳佳,等.基于物理模拟试验的库岸滑坡冲击涌浪[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(5):1618-1626.XIAO Lili,YIN Kunlong,WANG Jiajia,et al.Impulse wave generated by reservoir landslides based on physical model experiments[J].Journal of Central South University(Natural Science),2014,45(5):1618-1626.
[13]张永飞,喻涛,张婕,等.三峡库区滑坡涌浪作用下高桩码头船舶系缆力试验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(15):295-300.ZHANG Yongfei,YU Tao,ZHANG Jie,et al.Experimental study about ship mooring force of high-pile wharf under the action of the Three Gorges Reservoir landslide surge[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(15):295-300.
[14]袁晶,张小峰,张为.可变网格下的水库滑坡涌浪数值模拟研究[J].水科学进展,2008,19(4):546-551.YUAN Jing,ZHANG Xiaofeng,ZHANG Wei.Horizontal 2-D flow model with variable grid for simulating surges due to landslide in reservoirs[J].Advances in Water Science,2008,19(4):546-551.
[15]周桂云,李同春,钱七虎.水库滑坡涌浪传播有限元数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2013,34(4):1197-1201.ZHOU Guiyun,LI Tongchun,QIAN Qihu.Finite element numerical simulation of water waves due to reservoir landslides[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(4):1197-1201.
[16]赵兰浩,侯世超,毛佳.库区滑坡涌浪数值模拟方法研究进展[J].水利水电科技进展,2016,36(2):79-86.ZHAO Lanhao,HOU Shichao,MAO Jia.Review of numerical simulation of landslides and surges in reservoir districts[J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2016,36(2):79-86.
[17]纪虹,司鹄.基于GIS技术的三峡库区滑坡涌浪灾害易损性可视化研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2013,23(9):166-171.JI Hong,SI Hu.Visualized analysis of surge vulnerability by landslides based on GIS in Three Gorges Reservoirs[J].China Safety Science Journal,2013,23(9):166-171.
[18]黄波林,殷跃平,王世昌,等.GIS技术支持下的滑坡涌浪灾害分析研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(增刊2):3844-3851.HUANG Bolin,YIN Yueping,WANG Shichang,et al.Landslide impulsive wave hazard study supported by GIS technology[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(Sup2):3844-3851.