聚苯乙烯/聚邻甲基苯胺核-壳结构微球的制备及其电流变性能的分析
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摘要
通过种子溶胀-释放法制备了聚苯乙烯/聚邻甲基苯胺(PS/PMANI)核-壳结构微球,并且通过采用不同粒径的PS种子微球实现了对核-壳结构粒径的调控。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)测试对其形貌和化学结构分别进行了表征。将制备的核-壳结构微球作为电流变响应材料,研究了粒径变化对其电流变性能的影响。结果表明,成功制备了单分散核-壳结构微球,相同投料比(PS∶MANI=3∶1)条件下,随PS种子微球粒径增加,PMANI壳层的厚度也逐渐增加。不同粒径微球的电流变液均能表现出良好的电流变效应,且随着微球粒径及壳层厚度的增加,其电流变液在相同电场下具有更高的电流变效率。
Polystyrene/poly(2-methylaniline)(PS/PMANI) core-shell microspheres were prepared by seeded swelling-releasing method and the size of the core-shell particle was controlled by using PS seeds with difference diameters.The morphology and chemical structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR).The core-shell microspheres were used as electrorheological materials and the effect of particle size and shell thickness on electrorheological properties was studied.The results showed that monodisperse core-shell microspheres were successfully prepared and the thickness of PMANI shell gradually increases with the increase of particle size of PS seeds at the same feed ratio.The PS/PMANI core-shell microspheres with different particle sizes all exhibited good electrorheological effect.With the increase of the particle size and the thickness of the PMANI shell,the electrorheological fluid has higher ER efficiency under the same electric field.
Polystyrene/poly(2-methylaniline)(PS/PMANI) core-shell microspheres were prepared by seeded swelling-releasing method and the size of the core-shell particle was controlled by using PS seeds with difference diameters.The morphology and chemical structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR).The core-shell microspheres were used as electrorheological materials and the effect of particle size and shell thickness on electrorheological properties was studied.The results showed that monodisperse core-shell microspheres were successfully prepared and the thickness of PMANI shell gradually increases with the increase of particle size of PS seeds at the same feed ratio.The PS/PMANI core-shell microspheres with different particle sizes all exhibited good electrorheological effect.With the increase of the particle size and the thickness of the PMANI shell,the electrorheological fluid has higher ER efficiency under the same electric field.
引文
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[2] 赵晓鹏,尹剑波,罗春荣.微纳结构材料的高性能电流变效应 [C]//流变学进展:第十一届全国流变学学术会议论文集.北京:石油工业出版社,2012.ZHAO X P,YIN J B,LUO C R.High performance electrorheological effect of micro-nano structure materials[C] // Advances in rheology:The 11th National Conference on Rheology.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2012.
[3] 陆坤权,沈容,王学昭,等.极性分子型电流变液 [J].物理,2007,36(10):742-749.LU K Q,SHEN R,WANG X Z,et al.Polar molecular type electrorheological fluid[J].Physics,2007,36(10):742-749.
[4] 温维佳,黄先祥,杨世和,等.巨电流变效应及其机理 [J].物理,2003,32(12):777-779.WEN W J,HUANG X X,YANG S H,et al.The giant electrorheological effect and its mechanism[J].Physics,2003,32(12):777-779.
[5] 涂福全,刘小双,毛阳,等.电流变液的研究现状及其应用进展 [J].材料导报,2014,28(11):66-68.TU F Q,LIU X S,MAO Y,et al.Recent progress and application of electrorheological fluids[J].Materials Review,2014,28(11):66-68.
[6] 马会茹,官建国,卢国军,等.电流变液及其应用 [J].现代化工,2004,24(5):62-64.MA H R,GUAN J G,LU G J,et al.Electrorheological fluid and its application[J].Modern Chemical Industry,2004,24(5):62-64.
[7] 肖革文,魏宸官.电流变液体及其在汽车中的应用 [J].汽车工程,1999 (3):145-150.XIAO G W,WEI C G.Electrorheological fluids and its applications in automobiles[J].Automotive Engineering,1999(3):145-150.
[8] ZHANG M,WANG L,WANG X,et al.Microdroplet-based universal logic gates by electrorheological fluid [J].Soft Matter,2011,7(16):7493-7497.
[9] WINSLOW W M.Field controlled hydraulic device:US2661596 [P].1953-12-08.
[10] BULLOUGH W A,JOHNSONA R,TOZER R,et al.Methodology,performance and problems in ER clutch based positioning mechanisms [J].International Journal of Modern Physics B,1999,13(14/15/16):2101-2108.
[11] 赵晓鹏,唐宏,刘曙,等.电流变液与压电陶瓷复合的自耦合阻尼器 [J].力学与实践,2006,28(1):7-13.ZHAO X P,TANG H,LIU S,et al.Self-coupling damper combined by electrorheological fluid and piezoelectric ceramics [J].Mechanics and Practice,2006,28(1):9-15.
[12] KAMATA K,LU Y,XIA Y.Synthesis and characterization of monodispersed core-shell spherical colloids with movable cores [J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2003,125:2384-2385.
[13] 徐志超,伍罕,张萌颖,等.电流变液研究进展 [J].科学通报,2017(21):2358-2371.XU Z C,WU H,ZHANG M Y,et al.The research progress of electrorheological fluids[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2017(21):2358-2371.
[14] 尹剑波,赵晓鹏.稀土改性二氧化钛电流变液的剪切强度随温度变化关系 [J].复合材料学报,2002,19(1):64-68.YIN J B,ZHAO X P.Temperature effects of shear stress of the electrorheological fluids made of modified titania doped with rare earth[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2002,19(1):64-68.
[15] 郝博男.聚苯乙烯/聚邻甲基苯胺核-壳结构微球的制备及其电流变性能研究 [D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2016.HAO B N.Preparation of polystyrene/poly(2-methylaniline) core-shell microspheres and their electrorheological performances[D].Qinhuangdao:Yanshan University,2016.
[16] 武锐.聚苯胺复合纳米粒子电流变液的制备及性能研究 [D].扬州:扬州大学,2010.WU R.Polyaniline composite nanoparticle electrorheological fluid preparation and electrorheological properties[D].Yangzhou:Yangzhou University,2010.
[17] 冷波,葛树琴,刘红波.聚吡咯的合成及电流变性能的研究 [J].材料开发与应用,2002,17(2):13-15.LENG B,GE S Q,LIU H B.Synthesis and electrorheological characteristics of polypyrrole suspensions[J].Development and Application of Materials,2002,17(2):13-15.
[18] 秦亮,何凯,秦成,等.聚苯胺/二氧化钛复合纳米材料的制备及其电流变性能 [J].青岛科技大学学报(自然科学版),2017,38(s1):129-132.QIN L,HE K,QIN C,et al.Preparation of polyaniline/titanium dioxide nano-composites and their electrorheological properties[J].Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition),2017,38(s1):129-132.
[19] HAO T.Electrorheological fluids.Adcanced Materials [J].Advanced Materials,2001,13(24):1847-1857.
[20] ZHANG W L,CHOI H J.Dynamic response of a graphene oxide-polyaniline composite suspension under an applied electric field [J].Journal of the Korean Physical Society,2012,61(9):1422-1425.
[21] KWON S H,LIU Y D,CHOI H J.Monodisperse poly(2-methylaniline) coated polystyrene core-shell microspheres fabricated by controlled releasing process and their electrorheological stimuli-response under electric fields [J].Journal of Colloid & Interface Science,2015,440:9-15.
[22] SIM B,ZHANG W L,CHOI H J.Graphene oxide/poly(2-methylaniline) composite particle suspension and its electroresponse [J].Materials Chemistry & Physics,2015,153:443-449.
[23] PLACHY T,SEDLACIK M,PAVLINEK V,et al.,An effect of carbonization on the electrorheology of poly(p-phenylenediamine) [J].Carbon,2013,63(15):187-195.
[24] AHN K H,KLINGENBERG D J.Relaxation of polydisperse electrorheological suspentions [J].Journal of Rheology,1994,38:713-741.
[25] SIM B,CHOI H J:Facile synthesis of polyaniline nanotubes and their enhanced stimuli-response under electric fields [J].RSC Advances,2015,5(16):11905-11912.
[26] MEHEUST Y,PARMAR K P S,SCHJELDERUPSEN B,et al.The electrorheology of suspensions of Na-fluorhectorite clay in silicone oil [J].Journal of Rheology,2011,55(4):809-833.
[27] LIU Y D,CHOI H J.Magnetorheology of core-shell typed dual-coated carbonyl iron particle fabricated by a sol-gel and self-assembly process [J].Materials Research Bulletin,2015,69:92-97.
[28] PAN X D,MCKINLEY G H.Structural limitation to the material strength of electrorheological fluids [J].Applied Physics Letters,1997,71(3):333-335.
[29] FANNIN P C,GIANNITSIS A T.Investigation of the field dependence of magnetic fluids exhibiting aggregation [J].Journal of Molecular Liquids,2004,114(1):89-96.
[30] ASAMI K.Characterization of heterogeneous systems by dielectric spectroscopy [J].Progress in Polymer Science,2002,27(8):1617-1659.
[31] LIU Y D,FANG F F,CHOI H J.Silica nanoparticle decorated polyaniline nanofiber and its electrorheological response [J].Soft Matter,2011,7(6):2782-2789.