基于改进蚁群算法的装配序列规划研究
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摘要
针对复杂装配产品的装配序列规划问题,构建了包含零部件装配方向、重量、尺寸、装配关系数以及装配连接方法的装配序列评价体系函数.提出一种改进的蚁群算法,建立了算法寻优的数学模型和以零部件为对象的启发式函数,将启发式函数值作为引导蚂蚁进行零部件选择的信息素,并在蚂蚁逐步寻优过程中加入候选零部件筛选规则、装配方向规则和装配阻碍规则等计算规则,辅助蚂蚁摒弃劣质解选择最优解,直到获得产品的整条装配序列.最后以船舶某机型柴油机气缸盖模型为例,验证了改进蚁群算法在求解复杂产品装配序列规划问题的可行性和有效性.
Aiming at the problem of assembly sequence planning in the complex assembly products, an assembly sequence evaluation system is presented, which includes the assembly direction, the weight, the size, the number of assembly relationship and the assembly connection method. An improved ant colony algorithm is proposed. The mathematical model of algorithm optimization and the heuristic function based on parts are established. The heuristic function value is used as the pheromone to guide the ants to select parts, and the ants are gradually optimized. In the process, calculation rules such as candidate part screening rules, assembly direction rules, and assembly obstruction rules are added to assist the ants to reject the inferior solution and select the optimal solution until the entire assembly sequence of the product is obtained. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the improved ant colony algorithm in solving the assembly sequence planning problem of complex products are verified by an example of the cylinder head of a marine diesel engine.
Aiming at the problem of assembly sequence planning in the complex assembly products, an assembly sequence evaluation system is presented, which includes the assembly direction, the weight, the size, the number of assembly relationship and the assembly connection method. An improved ant colony algorithm is proposed. The mathematical model of algorithm optimization and the heuristic function based on parts are established. The heuristic function value is used as the pheromone to guide the ants to select parts, and the ants are gradually optimized. In the process, calculation rules such as candidate part screening rules, assembly direction rules, and assembly obstruction rules are added to assist the ants to reject the inferior solution and select the optimal solution until the entire assembly sequence of the product is obtained. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the improved ant colony algorithm in solving the assembly sequence planning problem of complex products are verified by an example of the cylinder head of a marine diesel engine.
引文
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[15]姚寿广,徐江涛,段巧玉.16PA6STCV280柴油机配气机构虚拟样机技术研究[J].江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版),2009,23(2):129-132.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4807.2009.02.009.YAO Shouguang,XU Jiangtao,DUAN Qiaoyu.Research on virtual proto type technology of16PA6STCV280 diesel valve train system[J].Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2009,23(2):129-132.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4807.2009.02.009.(in Chinese)
[16]徐慧择,刘璐,杨树森,等.基于人机工程的船舶舾装工艺合理性评估[J].江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版),2016,30(1):8-17.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4807.2016.01.002.XU Huize,LIU Lu,YANG Shusen,et al.Rational evaluation of outfitting process on the ship based on ergonomics[J].Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2016,30(1):8-17.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4807.2016.01.002.(in Chinese)
[2]张辉,周礼鹏,张攀,等.面向复杂装配体的装配序列规划研究[J].船舶工程,2016,38(7):84-88.DOI:10.13788/j.cnki.cbgc.2016.07.084.ZHANG Hui,ZHOU Lipeng,ZHANG Pan,et al.Research on assembly sequence planning for complex assembly model[J].Ship Engineering,2016,38(7):84-88.DOI:10.13788/j.cnki.cbgc.2016.07.084.(in Chinese)
[3]WANG J F,LIU J H,ZHONG Y F.A novel ant colony algorithm for assembly sequence planning[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2005,25(11/12):1137-1143.DOI:10.1007/s00170-003-1952-z.
[4]米小珍,甄晓阳,周韶泽,等.虚拟装配中拆卸序列规划算法的研究与实现[J].中国机械工程,2011,22(13):1576-1579.MI Xiaozhen,ZHEN Xiaoyang,ZHOU Shaoze,et al.Research and implementation of disassembly sequence planning algorithm in virtual assembly[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2011,22(13):1576-1579.(in Chinese)
[5]HSIN HK,CHANG EJ,SU KY,et al.Ant colony optimization based adaptive network-on-chip routing framework using network information region[J].IEEETransaction on Computers,2015,64(8):2119-2131.DOI:10.1109/TC.2014.2366768.
[6]HUANG Y M,SHIAU C S.An optimal tolerance allocation model for assemblies with consideration of manufacturing cost,quality loss and reliability index[J].Assem Autom,2009,29(3):220-229.DOI:10.1108/01445150910972903.
[7]刘海江,李玲玉,张含叶,等.基于改进粒子群算法的锂电池模块装配序列规划[J].中国工程机械学报,2014,12(4):306-312,376.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-5581.2014.04.005.LIU Haijiang,LI Lingyu,ZHANG Hanye,et al.Assembly sequence planning for lithiumion battery modules based on improved particle swarm optimization algorithm[J].Chinese Journal of Construction Machinery,2014,12(4):306-312,376.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-5581.2014.04.005.(in Chinese)
[8]宁黎华,古天龙.基于免疫算法的装配序列规划问题求解[J].计算机集成制造系统,2007,13(1):81-87.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5911.2007.01.013.NING Lihua,GU Tianlong.Immune algorithm for assembly sequence planning problem[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2007,13(1):81-87.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-5911.2007.01.013.(in Chinese)
[9]刘志峰,杨德军,顾国刚,等.基于模拟退火粒子群优化算法的拆卸序列规划[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2011,34(2):161-165,179.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-5060.2011.02.001.LIU Zhifeng,YANG Dejun,GU Guogang,et al.Disassembly sequence planning based on particle swarmsimulated annealing optimization[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Natural Science),2011,34(2):161-165,179.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-5060.2011.02.001.
[10]曾冰,李明富,张翼,等.基于萤火虫算法的装配序列规划研究[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(11):177-184.DOI:10.3901/JME.2013.11.177.ZENG Bing,LI Mingfu,ZHANG Yi,et al.Research on assembly sequence planning based on firefly algorithm[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(11):177-184.DOI:10.3901/JME.2013.11.177.(in Chinese)
[11]于嘉鹏,王成恩,张闻雷.复杂产品装配关系矩阵自动生成方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2010,16(2):249-255,270.YU Jiapeng,WANG Chengen,ZHANG Wenlei.Automatic acquiring method for assembly relation matrix of complex product[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2010,16(2):249-255,270.(in Chinese)
[12]李明宇.复杂产品装配序列规划方法研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2013.DOI:10.7666/d.D409223.
[13]武美萍,廖文和.面向数字化预装配的分层干涉检测算法研究[J].中国机械工程,2007,18(18):2205-2209.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1004-132x.2007.18.016.WU Meiping,LIAO Wenhe.Research on three-layer interference inspection algorithm oriented to DPA[J].China Mechanical Engineering.2007,18(18):2205-2209.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1004-132x.2007.18.016.(in Chinese)
[14]彭涛,李世其,王峻峰,等.基于集成干涉矩阵的蚁群装配序列规划[J].计算机科学,2010,37(4):179-182,204.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-137X.2010.04.045.PENG Tao,LI Shiqi,WANG Junfeng,et al.Integrated interference matrix based ant colony algorithm for assembly sequence planning[J].Computer Science,2010,37(4):179-182,204.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-137X.2010.04.045.(in Chinese)
[15]姚寿广,徐江涛,段巧玉.16PA6STCV280柴油机配气机构虚拟样机技术研究[J].江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版),2009,23(2):129-132.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4807.2009.02.009.YAO Shouguang,XU Jiangtao,DUAN Qiaoyu.Research on virtual proto type technology of16PA6STCV280 diesel valve train system[J].Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2009,23(2):129-132.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4807.2009.02.009.(in Chinese)
[16]徐慧择,刘璐,杨树森,等.基于人机工程的船舶舾装工艺合理性评估[J].江苏科技大学学报(自然科学版),2016,30(1):8-17.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4807.2016.01.002.XU Huize,LIU Lu,YANG Shusen,et al.Rational evaluation of outfitting process on the ship based on ergonomics[J].Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition),2016,30(1):8-17.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4807.2016.01.002.(in Chinese)
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