淮南采煤塌陷湖泊浮游植物优势种的营养动力学
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摘要
在淮南潘谢矿区选取3个营养盐结构差异较大的塌陷湖泊,于2014—2015年4个季度分别对浮游植物群落结构组成进行调查,选取3个湖泊中的优势种(属)具尾蓝隐藻(Chroomonas caudata)、链形小环藻(Cyclotella catenata)和伪鱼腥藻(Pseudanabaena sp.)作为研究对象,设置不同的氮(N)、磷(P)浓度梯度进行营养动力学培养实验,并结合Monod方程,获得3个藻种在不同营养盐限制下的营养动力学参数.N限制下具尾蓝隐藻、小环藻和伪鱼腥藻的最大生长速率(μmax)和半饱和常数(Ks)分别为:0.66 d~(-1)、1.66 mg/L;0.37 d~(-1)、1.06 mg/L;0.71 d~(-1)、2.26 mg/L;P限制下它们的μmax和Ks则分别为:0.51 d~(-1)、0.023 mg/L;0.31 d~(-1)、0.035 mg/L;0.90 d~(-1)、0.015 mg/L.综上所述,在N充足时,伪鱼腥藻能够在竞争中形成优势,同时在P限制情况下易成为优势种,从营养动力学的角度揭示了其在塌陷湖泊中占据优势的营养盐动力学机制.研究结果可以为沉陷区水域开发利用和营养盐管理提供科学依据.
Three lakes in the Huainan Panxie coalmine areas,with different nutrient ratio,were investigated for their phytoplankton communities in four seasons from 2014 to 2015. Three dominant species( genera) of phytoplankton,including Chroomonas caudata,Cyclotella catenata and Pseudanabaena sp.,were selected to obtain their nutrient kinetics by a number of incubation experiments with limitation for individual nitrogen( N) and phosphorus( P). Under N limitation conditions,the maximum specific growth and half-saturated constant for the three species of Chroomonas caudate,Cyclotella catenata and Pseudanabaena sp. were0.66 d~(-1) and 1.66 mg/L,0.37 d~(-1) and 1.06 mg/L,0.71 d~(-1) and 2.26 mg/L,respectively; with respect of P limitation conditions,they were 0.51 d~(-1) and 0.023 mg/L,0.31 d~(-1) and 0.035 mg/L,0.90 d~(-1) and 0.015 mg/L,respectively. Especially,the Pseudanabaena sp. takes dominant role due to its nutrient competition ability under P limitation in this type of lakes,where N is sufficient for its growth. This research has important implication on local nutrient management of water resources in the coal mine areas.
Three lakes in the Huainan Panxie coalmine areas,with different nutrient ratio,were investigated for their phytoplankton communities in four seasons from 2014 to 2015. Three dominant species( genera) of phytoplankton,including Chroomonas caudata,Cyclotella catenata and Pseudanabaena sp.,were selected to obtain their nutrient kinetics by a number of incubation experiments with limitation for individual nitrogen( N) and phosphorus( P). Under N limitation conditions,the maximum specific growth and half-saturated constant for the three species of Chroomonas caudate,Cyclotella catenata and Pseudanabaena sp. were0.66 d~(-1) and 1.66 mg/L,0.37 d~(-1) and 1.06 mg/L,0.71 d~(-1) and 2.26 mg/L,respectively; with respect of P limitation conditions,they were 0.51 d~(-1) and 0.023 mg/L,0.31 d~(-1) and 0.035 mg/L,0.90 d~(-1) and 0.015 mg/L,respectively. Especially,the Pseudanabaena sp. takes dominant role due to its nutrient competition ability under P limitation in this type of lakes,where N is sufficient for its growth. This research has important implication on local nutrient management of water resources in the coal mine areas.
引文
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[10]Zhang ZS,Huang XF eds.Freshwater plankton research methods.Beijing:Science Press,1991:36-37.[章宗涉,黄祥飞.淡水浮游生物研究方法.北京:科学出版社,1991:36-37.]
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[12]Zhang ZJ ed.Activated sludge biology and reaction kinetics.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1989:355-356.[张自杰.活性污泥生物学与反应动力学.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1989:355-356.]
[13]Litchman E,Pinto PDT,Klausmeier CA et al.Linking traits to species diversity and community structure in phytoplankton.Hydrobiologia,2010,653(1):15-28.
[14]Cellamare M,Pinto PDT,Leit2o M et al.Using functional approaches to study phytoplankton communities in a temperate region exposed to tropical species dispersal.Hydrobiologia,2013,702(1):267-282.
[15]Kalff J ed.Limnology:Inland water ecosystem.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2011:334-335.[Kalff J.湖沼学:内陆水生生态系统.北京:高等教育出版社,2011:334-335.]
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[18]Zheng SF,Yang SW,Jin XC.Dynamic studies on the effect of nutrients on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa.Environmental Science,2005,26(2):152-156.[郑朔方,杨苏文,金相灿.铜绿微囊藻生长的营养动力学.环境科学,2005,26(2):152-156.]
[19]Wang WJ,Yao D,Zhao CH et al.Influence of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth of four filamentous cyanobacteria strains in freshwater.Ecological Science,2008,27(4):202-207.[王文杰,姚旦,赵辰红等.氮磷营养盐对四种淡水丝状蓝藻生长的影响.生态科学,2008,27(4):202-207.]
[20]Cheng HM,Qiu BS.Cyanobacterial gas vesicles and their regulation on the vertical distribution of cyanobacteria in water body.Plant Physiology Communications,2006,42(5):974-980.[成慧敏,邱保胜.蓝藻的伪空泡及其对蓝藻在水体中垂直分布的调节.植物生理学报,2006,42(5):974-980.]
[21]Xu H,Yang LZ,Mao H et al.Dynamic studies on the effect of phosphorus on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and Scendesmus obliquus.Ecology and Environment Sciences,2006,15(5):921-924.[许海,杨林章,茅华等.铜绿微囊藻、斜生栅藻生长的磷营养动力学特征.生态环境学报,2006,15(5):921-924.]
[22]Nicklisch A,Shatwell T,K9hler J.Analysis and modelling of the interactive effects of temperature and light on phytoplankton growth and relevance for the spring bloom.Journal of Plankton Research,2008,30:75-91.
[23]Mieleitner J,Borsuk M,Brgi HR et al.Identifying functional groups of phytoplankton using data from three lakes of different trophic state.Aquat Sci,2008,70:30-46.
[24]Yi QT,Xu X,Qu XJ et al.Characterization of primary productivity in the aquatic zones around the Huainan and Huaibei coalmine subsidence areas.China Environmental Science,2014,34(8):2101-2110.[易齐涛,徐鑫,曲喜杰等.两淮采煤沉陷积水区水体初级生产特征.中国环境科学,2014,34(8):2101-2110.]
[2]Deng DG,Xing RL,Ma R et al.Seasonal variations on community structure of crustacean zooplankton in a small lake of an excavating coal subsidence region in Huaibei City.J Lake Sci,2010,22(4):591-597.DOI:10.18307/2010.0417.[邓道贵,邢荣龙,马睿等.淮北采煤塌陷区小型湖泊浮游甲壳动物群落结构的季节变化.湖泊科学,2010,22(4):591-597.]
[3]Xu X,Yi QT,Wang XM et al.Phytoplankton community in the small subsided lakes around Huainan coal mine subsidence areas.Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2015,39(4):740-750.[徐鑫,易齐涛,王晓萌等.淮南矿区小型煤矿塌陷湖泊浮游植物群落结构特征.水生生物学报,2015,39(4):740-750.]
[4]Deng DG,Meng XL,Lei J et al.Community structure and seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton in small lakes of Huaibei excavating coal subsidence region.Ecological Science,2010,29(6):499-506.[邓道贵,孟小丽,雷娟等.淮北采煤塌陷区小型湖泊浮游植物群落结构和季节动态.生态科学,2010,29(6):499-506.]
[5]Wang XM,Yi QT,Xu X et al.Rotifer communities in the small lakes around Huainan coal mine subsidence areas.J Lake Sci,2015,27(4):657-666.DOI:10.18307/2015.0414.[王晓萌,易齐涛,徐鑫等.淮南采煤沉陷区内小型塌陷湖泊轮虫群落结构特征.湖泊科学,2015,27(4):657-666.]
[6]Yi QT,Chen QW,Zhao DH et al.Seasonal succession of phytoplankton functional groups and their driving factors in the artificial lakes created by mining subsidence in Huainan coal mine areas.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(15):4843-4854.[易齐涛,陈求稳,赵德慧等.淮南采煤塌陷湖泊浮游植物功能群的季节演替及其驱动因子.生态学报,2016,36(15):4843-4854.]
[7]Yin H ed.Compilation of standards for environmental monitoring methods:Water environment.Beijing:Standards Press of China,2007.[尹航.环境监测方法标准汇编:水环境.北京:中国标准出版社,2007.]
[8]Wang TT,Yi QT,Hu YB et al.Eutrophication and nutrient enrichment bioassays in the waters of the Huainan and Huaibei coal mining subsidence areas,Anhui Province.J Lake Sci,2013,25(6):916-926.DOI:10.18307/2013.0616.[王婷婷,易齐涛,胡友彪等.两淮采煤沉陷区水域水体富营养化及氮、磷限制模拟实验.湖泊科学,2013,25(6):916-926.]
[9]Qu XJ,Yi QT,Hu YB et al.Nutrient spatiotemporal distribution and eutrophication process in subsidence waters of Huainan and Huaibei mining areas,China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2013,24(11):3249-3258.[曲喜杰,易齐涛,胡友彪等.两淮采煤沉陷积水区水体营养盐时空分布及富营养化进程.应用生态学报,2013,24(11):3249-3258.]
[10]Zhang ZS,Huang XF eds.Freshwater plankton research methods.Beijing:Science Press,1991:36-37.[章宗涉,黄祥飞.淡水浮游生物研究方法.北京:科学出版社,1991:36-37.]
[11]National Eutrophication Survey ed.Code for investigation of lake eutrophication.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1990.[全国富营养化调查组.湖泊富营养化调查规范.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.]
[12]Zhang ZJ ed.Activated sludge biology and reaction kinetics.Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1989:355-356.[张自杰.活性污泥生物学与反应动力学.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1989:355-356.]
[13]Litchman E,Pinto PDT,Klausmeier CA et al.Linking traits to species diversity and community structure in phytoplankton.Hydrobiologia,2010,653(1):15-28.
[14]Cellamare M,Pinto PDT,Leit2o M et al.Using functional approaches to study phytoplankton communities in a temperate region exposed to tropical species dispersal.Hydrobiologia,2013,702(1):267-282.
[15]Kalff J ed.Limnology:Inland water ecosystem.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2011:334-335.[Kalff J.湖沼学:内陆水生生态系统.北京:高等教育出版社,2011:334-335.]
[16]Reynolds CS,Huszar V,Kruk C et al.Towards a functional classification of the freshwater phytoplankton.Journal of Plankton Research,2002,24(5):417-428.
[17]Padisák J,Crossetti LO,Naselli-Flores L.Use and misuse in the application of the phytoplankton functional classification:A critical review with updates.Hydrobiologia.2009,621(1):1-19.
[18]Zheng SF,Yang SW,Jin XC.Dynamic studies on the effect of nutrients on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa.Environmental Science,2005,26(2):152-156.[郑朔方,杨苏文,金相灿.铜绿微囊藻生长的营养动力学.环境科学,2005,26(2):152-156.]
[19]Wang WJ,Yao D,Zhao CH et al.Influence of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth of four filamentous cyanobacteria strains in freshwater.Ecological Science,2008,27(4):202-207.[王文杰,姚旦,赵辰红等.氮磷营养盐对四种淡水丝状蓝藻生长的影响.生态科学,2008,27(4):202-207.]
[20]Cheng HM,Qiu BS.Cyanobacterial gas vesicles and their regulation on the vertical distribution of cyanobacteria in water body.Plant Physiology Communications,2006,42(5):974-980.[成慧敏,邱保胜.蓝藻的伪空泡及其对蓝藻在水体中垂直分布的调节.植物生理学报,2006,42(5):974-980.]
[21]Xu H,Yang LZ,Mao H et al.Dynamic studies on the effect of phosphorus on the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa and Scendesmus obliquus.Ecology and Environment Sciences,2006,15(5):921-924.[许海,杨林章,茅华等.铜绿微囊藻、斜生栅藻生长的磷营养动力学特征.生态环境学报,2006,15(5):921-924.]
[22]Nicklisch A,Shatwell T,K9hler J.Analysis and modelling of the interactive effects of temperature and light on phytoplankton growth and relevance for the spring bloom.Journal of Plankton Research,2008,30:75-91.
[23]Mieleitner J,Borsuk M,Brgi HR et al.Identifying functional groups of phytoplankton using data from three lakes of different trophic state.Aquat Sci,2008,70:30-46.
[24]Yi QT,Xu X,Qu XJ et al.Characterization of primary productivity in the aquatic zones around the Huainan and Huaibei coalmine subsidence areas.China Environmental Science,2014,34(8):2101-2110.[易齐涛,徐鑫,曲喜杰等.两淮采煤沉陷积水区水体初级生产特征.中国环境科学,2014,34(8):2101-2110.]
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