杨梅生长指标与果实品质间的相关性分析
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摘要
为了明确成熟期不同品种杨梅(早鲜早色和东魁)的营养生长指标与果实外观、品质性状间的相互关系,在成熟采收期,分别对杨梅7个营养生长指标、10个果实外观性状和13个果实品质性状进行测定分析。结果表明,杨梅30个性状指标的变异系数范围为2. 546%～31. 021%,其中维生素C(Vc)含量、果实硬度(HN)和春梢长度(BL)的变异系数较大,分别为31. 021%、22. 092%和15. 245%。糖酸比(AS)与果实色度值L*、b*、C,叶片长度(LL)、宽度(LW)、厚度(LT)显著负相关,说明通过杨梅果实颜色可以预测AS,且在AS的形成过程中杨梅LL、LW和LT发挥了重要作用;叶绿素(Chl)相对含量、HN与杨梅果实多个外观品质、营养品质指标间呈显著正相关,表明在生产上可以通过提高Chl相对含量改善果实品质;杨梅BL与果实外观品质、营养品质等13个性状均为显著性负相关,证明杨梅结果枝以中短果枝为宜。本研究结果为利用营养生长指标进行优良品质性状的选择提供了一定的理论参考。
In order to certify the relation among nutritive growth indexes and fruit appearance and quality traits in different varieties of Chinese bayberry. Zaoxian,Zaose and Dongkui that had different maturity stages were used as research materials. In this study,basic parameters,coefficient of variation( CV) and correlation coefficients of seven nutritive growth indexes,ten fruit appearance traits and thirteen fruit quality traits were measured and calculated. The results showed that the CV of thirty different traits was 2. 546% ～ 31. 021%,vitamin c( Vc),hardness( HN) and branch length( BL) had higher CV value( 31. 021%,22. 092% and 15. 245%),with higher genetic diversity.Significant negative correlations between acid-sugar ratio( AS) and fruit color( L*,b*and C),leaf length( LL),leaf width( LW) and leaf thickness( LT) were found,suggesting that the value of fruit color could forecast AS,and LL,LW and LT played an important role in the establishment of AS. The chlorophyll( Chl) and HN had significant positive correlations with several fruit appearance and quality traits. Therefore,the fruit quality was improved by increasing Chl.BL had significant negative correlations with 13 fruit appearance and quality traits,illustrating that middle and short bearing branch were better than the longer ones. This study provided a theoretical basis for the use of nutritional growth indexes to screen excellent fruit quality traits in Chinese bayberry.
In order to certify the relation among nutritive growth indexes and fruit appearance and quality traits in different varieties of Chinese bayberry. Zaoxian,Zaose and Dongkui that had different maturity stages were used as research materials. In this study,basic parameters,coefficient of variation( CV) and correlation coefficients of seven nutritive growth indexes,ten fruit appearance traits and thirteen fruit quality traits were measured and calculated. The results showed that the CV of thirty different traits was 2. 546% ～ 31. 021%,vitamin c( Vc),hardness( HN) and branch length( BL) had higher CV value( 31. 021%,22. 092% and 15. 245%),with higher genetic diversity.Significant negative correlations between acid-sugar ratio( AS) and fruit color( L*,b*and C),leaf length( LL),leaf width( LW) and leaf thickness( LT) were found,suggesting that the value of fruit color could forecast AS,and LL,LW and LT played an important role in the establishment of AS. The chlorophyll( Chl) and HN had significant positive correlations with several fruit appearance and quality traits. Therefore,the fruit quality was improved by increasing Chl.BL had significant negative correlations with 13 fruit appearance and quality traits,illustrating that middle and short bearing branch were better than the longer ones. This study provided a theoretical basis for the use of nutritional growth indexes to screen excellent fruit quality traits in Chinese bayberry.
引文
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[10]刘存敬,江振兴,师树新,张建宏,唐丽媛,田海燕,崔瑞敏,张素君,张香云.陆地棉表型性状与主要育种性状的相关性分析[J].河北农业科学,2015,19(4):71-76
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[12]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所. GB 12295-1990水果、蔬菜制品可溶性固形物含量的测定-折射方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1990
[13]中国食品发酵工业研究院. GB/T 12456-2008食品中总酸的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008
[14]胡静,赵瑞峰,施文庄,李峰,沈光林.烟草中9种有机酸的梯度离子色谱法测定研究[J].分析测试学报,2011,30(10):1171-1174
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[16]中华人民共和国秦皇岛出入境检验检疫局. GB/T 18932. 22-2003蜂蜜中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖含量的测定方法液相色谱示差折光检测法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003
[17]孙勃,许映君,袁高峰,郭容芳,魏佳,李振,刘娜,汪俏梅.花椰菜主要生物活性物质及其抗氧化能力分析[J].核农学报,2010,24(2):330-335
[18] Jia Z,Tang M,Wu J. The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on superoxide radicals[J].Food Chemistry,1999,64(4):555-559
[19] Wang J S,Zhao Z Q,Sheng X G,Yu H F,Gu H H. Influence of leaf-cover on visual quality and health-promoting phytochemicals in loose-curd cauliflower florets[J]. LWT-Food Science and Technology,2015,61(1):177-183
[20]王恩军,陈垣,韩多红,蔡子平,张芬琴,张勇.菘蓝农艺性状与药材产量的相关和通径分析[J].核农学报,2018,32(2):399-406
[21]李敏,高兆银,苏增建,朱迎迎,弓德强,张正科,郑淑英,胡美姣.基于芒果果肉颜色的品质检测技术[J].热带作物学报,2017,38(1):166-170
[22]徐云焕,梁森苗,郑锡良,任海英,戚行江.叶面营养对杨梅果实产量和品质的影响及各指标的相关性[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(10):1711-1717
[23]周文才,孙颖,左继林,徐林初.滴灌配方施肥对盛果期油茶春梢生长的影响[J].经济林研究,2017,35(4):211-215
[24]叶延龄.丁岙杨梅初结果树结果枝短截修剪的保果效应[J].浙江林业科技,2010,30(3):52-55
[25]蔡盛华,陆修闽,卢新坤,雷龑.红肉蜜柚结果枝径粗、长度、叶片数与成花的关系[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(1):78-81
[26]林玲,白先进,张瑛,黄羽,周咏梅.桂南巨峰葡萄结果枝长度与坐果率的关系[J].南方园艺,2013,24(4):20-22
[27]区约翰,孙继生.几种树苗叶绿素含量与光合作用及干物质生产关系的比较研究[J].热带林业科技,1985(1):14-19
[28]孙丽敏,金竹萍,钱嘉航,裴雁曦.干旱胁迫下H2S信号增强植物叶片的光合作用[J].中国细胞生物学学报,2017,39(12):1583-1591
[29]李娟,安峰,林位夫,周立军,陈俊朋,潘明,黄坚雄,郑定华.不同氮磷钾肥用量对五指毛桃叶绿素含量的影响[J].核农学报,2016,30(1):193-200
[30]梁森苗,徐云焕,王伟,郑锡良,任海英,彭娟,张启,戚行江.杨梅果实发育过程中外观及主要营养品质形成规律研究[J].核农学报,2016,30(6):1135-1142
[31]郑丽静,聂继云,闫震.糖酸组分及其对水果风味的影响研究进展[J].果树学报,2015,32(2):304-312
[2] Zhang X N,Huang H Z,Zhao X Y,Lv Q,Sun C D,Li X,Chen K S. Effects of flavonoids-rich Chinese bayberry(Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.)pulp extracts on glucose consumption in human Hep G2 cells[J]. Journal of Functional Foods,2015,14:144-153
[3] Zhang X N,Lv Q,Jia S,Chen Y H,Sun C D,Li X,Chen K S.Effects of flavonoids-rich Chinese bayberry(Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.)fruit extract on regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic KK-Ay mice[J]. Food Function,2016,7:3130-3140
[4] Yan S X,Zhang X N,Wen X,Lv Q,Xu C J,Sun C D,Li X.Purification of flavonoids from Chinese bayberry(Morella rubra Sieb.et Zucc.)fruit extracts andα-Glucosidase inhibitory activities of different fractionations[J]. Molecules,2016,21(9):1148
[5]梁森苗,王耀锋,刘玉学,吕豪豪,杨生茂.我国杨梅主产地土壤养分状况的分析[J].果树学报,2015,32(4):658-665
[6]梁森苗,郑锡良,陈新炉,张启,王华新,戚行江,任海英.早熟杨梅新品种-‘早佳’的选育[J].果树学报,2016,33(2):249-253
[7] Rommens C M,Haring M A,Sword K,Davies HⅤ,Belknap W R. The intragenic approach as a new extension to traditional plant breeding[J]. Trends in Plant Science,2007,12(9):1360-1385
[8] Jacobsen E,Schouten H J. Cisgenesis:an important sub-invention for traditional plant breeding companies[J]. Euphytica,2009,170(1/2):235-247
[9]王健胜,梁亚红,侯桂玲,韦世豪,赵干卿.油菜育种亲本主要性状相关性及主成分分析[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(27):147-152
[10]刘存敬,江振兴,师树新,张建宏,唐丽媛,田海燕,崔瑞敏,张素君,张香云.陆地棉表型性状与主要育种性状的相关性分析[J].河北农业科学,2015,19(4):71-76
[11] Mcguire R G. Reporting of objective color measurements[J]. Hort Science,1992,27(12):1254-1255
[12]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所. GB 12295-1990水果、蔬菜制品可溶性固形物含量的测定-折射方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1990
[13]中国食品发酵工业研究院. GB/T 12456-2008食品中总酸的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008
[14]胡静,赵瑞峰,施文庄,李峰,沈光林.烟草中9种有机酸的梯度离子色谱法测定研究[J].分析测试学报,2011,30(10):1171-1174
[15]中国疾病预防控制中心与食品安全所,北京市疾病预防控制中心,吉林省疾病预防控制中心,江苏省疾病预防控制中心,国家乳制品质量监督检验中心. GB/T 5009. 8-2008食品中蔗糖的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008
[16]中华人民共和国秦皇岛出入境检验检疫局. GB/T 18932. 22-2003蜂蜜中果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、麦芽糖含量的测定方法液相色谱示差折光检测法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003
[17]孙勃,许映君,袁高峰,郭容芳,魏佳,李振,刘娜,汪俏梅.花椰菜主要生物活性物质及其抗氧化能力分析[J].核农学报,2010,24(2):330-335
[18] Jia Z,Tang M,Wu J. The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on superoxide radicals[J].Food Chemistry,1999,64(4):555-559
[19] Wang J S,Zhao Z Q,Sheng X G,Yu H F,Gu H H. Influence of leaf-cover on visual quality and health-promoting phytochemicals in loose-curd cauliflower florets[J]. LWT-Food Science and Technology,2015,61(1):177-183
[20]王恩军,陈垣,韩多红,蔡子平,张芬琴,张勇.菘蓝农艺性状与药材产量的相关和通径分析[J].核农学报,2018,32(2):399-406
[21]李敏,高兆银,苏增建,朱迎迎,弓德强,张正科,郑淑英,胡美姣.基于芒果果肉颜色的品质检测技术[J].热带作物学报,2017,38(1):166-170
[22]徐云焕,梁森苗,郑锡良,任海英,戚行江.叶面营养对杨梅果实产量和品质的影响及各指标的相关性[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(10):1711-1717
[23]周文才,孙颖,左继林,徐林初.滴灌配方施肥对盛果期油茶春梢生长的影响[J].经济林研究,2017,35(4):211-215
[24]叶延龄.丁岙杨梅初结果树结果枝短截修剪的保果效应[J].浙江林业科技,2010,30(3):52-55
[25]蔡盛华,陆修闽,卢新坤,雷龑.红肉蜜柚结果枝径粗、长度、叶片数与成花的关系[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(1):78-81
[26]林玲,白先进,张瑛,黄羽,周咏梅.桂南巨峰葡萄结果枝长度与坐果率的关系[J].南方园艺,2013,24(4):20-22
[27]区约翰,孙继生.几种树苗叶绿素含量与光合作用及干物质生产关系的比较研究[J].热带林业科技,1985(1):14-19
[28]孙丽敏,金竹萍,钱嘉航,裴雁曦.干旱胁迫下H2S信号增强植物叶片的光合作用[J].中国细胞生物学学报,2017,39(12):1583-1591
[29]李娟,安峰,林位夫,周立军,陈俊朋,潘明,黄坚雄,郑定华.不同氮磷钾肥用量对五指毛桃叶绿素含量的影响[J].核农学报,2016,30(1):193-200
[30]梁森苗,徐云焕,王伟,郑锡良,任海英,彭娟,张启,戚行江.杨梅果实发育过程中外观及主要营养品质形成规律研究[J].核农学报,2016,30(6):1135-1142
[31]郑丽静,聂继云,闫震.糖酸组分及其对水果风味的影响研究进展[J].果树学报,2015,32(2):304-312
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