分布式电源与多元负荷高渗透接入的主动配电网自适应过流保护方案
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摘要
考虑高渗透率分布式电源(DG)并网、DG运行的随机性、配电网的主动管理策略、孤岛运行模式以及多元负荷等对配电网安全保护的影响,基于各影响因素的时变特性,提出一种分时段自适应过流保护方案。首先,基于并网DG的故障输出特性模型,分析主动配电网中故障电流的特性,并基于该特性,定性和定量地分析各因素对保护的影响;然后,结合分布智能与集中智能,以混合分层式管理方式构建分时段自适应过流保护系统,并详细介绍了系统各部分的硬件原理和软件算法;最后,基于MATLAB软件对所提出的保护方案进行仿真分析,验证了所提方案的有效性和合理性。
Taking the following factors into account, such as the high penetration of distributed generation, the randomness of operation of DG, the active management scheme, the islanded operation mode, and multiple loads, as well as the influence of multivariate load on the safety protection for power distribution network, we proposed a divided-period adaptive overcurrent protection scheme based on time-varying characteristics of various influential factors. First, based on the fault output characteristic model of the grid connected DG, the characteristics of fault current in active distribution network were analyzed, and thus the effects of the above factors on the protection were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed.Then, combined with distributed intelligence and centralized intelligence, a divided-period adaptive overcurrent protection system was built based on hybrid hierarchical management mode, and the hardware principle and software algorithm of each part of the system were introduced in detail. Finally, the protection scheme was simulated based on the MATLAB software to verify the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed scheme.
Taking the following factors into account, such as the high penetration of distributed generation, the randomness of operation of DG, the active management scheme, the islanded operation mode, and multiple loads, as well as the influence of multivariate load on the safety protection for power distribution network, we proposed a divided-period adaptive overcurrent protection scheme based on time-varying characteristics of various influential factors. First, based on the fault output characteristic model of the grid connected DG, the characteristics of fault current in active distribution network were analyzed, and thus the effects of the above factors on the protection were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed.Then, combined with distributed intelligence and centralized intelligence, a divided-period adaptive overcurrent protection system was built based on hybrid hierarchical management mode, and the hardware principle and software algorithm of each part of the system were introduced in detail. Finally, the protection scheme was simulated based on the MATLAB software to verify the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed scheme.
引文
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[14]林霞,陆于平,王联合,等.含分布式电源的配电网智能电流保护策略[J].电网技术,2009,33(6):82-89.LIN Xia,LU Yuping,WANG Lianhe,et al.An intelligent current protection strategy for distribution network containing distributed generation[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(6):82-89.
[15]EL-KHATTAM W,SIDHU T S.Resolving the impact of distributed renewable generation on directional overcurrent relay coordination:a case study[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2009,3(4):415-425.
[16]MAHAT P,CHEN Z,BAK-JENSEN B,et al.A simple adaptive overcurrent protection of distribution systems with distributed generation[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2011,2(3):428-437.
[17]NIMPITIWAN N,HEYDT G T,AYYANAR R,et al.Fault current contribution from synchronous machine and inverter based distributed generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2007,22(1):634-641.
[18]孙景钌,李永丽,李盛伟,等.含逆变型分布式电源配电网自适应电流速断保护[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(14):71-76.SUN Jingliao,LI Yongli,Li Shengwei,et al.Adaptive current instantaneous trip protection for distribution network with inverter interfaced DG[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(14):71-76.
[19]赵波,王财胜,周金辉,等.主动配电网现状与未来发展[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(18):125-135.ZHAO Bo,WANG Caisheng,ZHOU Jinhui,et al.Current status and future development of active distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(18):125-135.
[20]MAHAT P,CHEN Z,BAK-JENSEN B,et al.A hybrid islanding detection technique using average rate of voltage change and real power shift[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2009,24(2):764-771.
[21]黄媚,董文杰,林子钊,等.主动配电网全资源系统的优化调度[J].高电压技术,2017,43(1):164-171.HUANG Mei,DONG Wenjie,LIN Zizhao,et al.Optimal scheduling of active distribution network based on whole resource system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(1):164-171.
[22]赵静翔,牛焕娜,王钰竹.基于信息熵时段划分的主动配电网动态重构[J].电网技术,2017,41(2):402-408.ZHAO Jingxiang,NIU Huanna,WANG Yuzhu.Dynamic reconfiguration of active distribution network based on information entropy of time intervals[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(2):402-408.
[23]陈晓祺,靳小龙,贾宏杰,等.考虑电动汽车时空负荷的主动配电网重构策略[J].高电压技术,2017,43(3):1049-1056.CHEN Xiaoqi,JIN Xiaolong,JIA Hongjie,et al.Reconfiguration strategy for active distribution network considering spatial-temporal electrical vehicle load model[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(3):1049-1056.
[24]余琼,余胜,李晓晖.含分布式电源的配网自适应保护方案[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(5):110-115.YU Qiong,YU Sheng,LI Xiaohui.An adaptive protection scheme for meshed distribution system with DG[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(5):110-115.
[25]曾德辉,王钢,郭敬梅,等.含逆变型分布式电源配电网自适应电流速断保护方案[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(12):86-92.ZENG Dehui,WANG Gang,GUO Jingmei,et al.Adaptive current instantaneous trip protection for distribution network with inverter interfaced DG[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(12):86-92.
[26]葛耀中.新型继电保护与故障测距原理与技术[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1996.GE Yaozhong.The principle and technology of new relay protection and fault location[M].Xi’an,China:Xi’an Jiao Tong University Press,1996.
[27]刘健,张小庆,陈星莺,等.集中智能与分布智能协调配合的配电网故障处理模式[J].电网技术,2013,37(9):2608-2614.LIU Jian,ZHANG Xiaoqing,CHEN Xingying,et al.Fault location and service restoration for distribution networks based on coordination of centralized intelligence and distributed intelligence[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(9):2608-2614.
[28]张海玉,刘闯,晁勤,等.具有LVRT能力的并网光伏系统继电保护问题研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(3):53-60.ZHANG Haiyu,LIU Chuang,CHAO Qin,et al.Research on relay protection issues of grid-connected photovoltaic system with LVRTability[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(3):53-60.
[2]尤毅,刘东,于文鹏,等.主动配电网技术及其进展[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(18):10-16.YOU Yi,LIU Dong,YU Wenpeng,et al.Active distribution network technology and development[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(18):10-16.
[3]李振兴,田斌,尹项根,等.含分布式电源与随机负荷的主动配电网保护[J].高电压技术,2017,43(4):1231-1238.LI Zhenxing,TIAN Bin,YIN Xianggen,et al.Overview on active distribution network relaying protective containing distributed resources and stochastic load[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(4):1231-1238.
[4]JENNETT K I,BOOTH C D,COFFELE F,et al.Investigation of the sympathetic tripping problem in power systems with large penetrations of distributed generation[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2015,9(4):379-385.
[5]COFFELE F,BOOTH C,DY?KO A,et al.An adaptive overcurrent protection scheme for distribution networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2015,30(2):561-568.
[6]付文秀,范春菊,杨炼,等.配电网中分布式电源的选址定容和电流保护策略[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(10):78-84.FU Wenxiu,FAN Chunju,YANG Lian,et al.Locating and sizing of distributed generation and current protection scheme in distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(10):78-84.
[7]王江海,邰能灵,宋凯,等.考虑继电保护动作的分布式电源在配电网中的准入容量研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(22):37-43.WANG Jianghai,TAI Nengling,SONG Kai,et al.Penetration level permission of for DG in distributed network considering relay protection[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(22):37-43.
[8]王希舟,陈鑫,罗龙,等.分布式发电与配电网保护协调性研究[J].继电器,2006,7(3):15-19.WANG Xizhou,CHEN Xin,LUO Long,et al.Research on coordination of distributed generation and distribution network protection[J].Relay,2006,7(3):15-19.
[9]张惠智,李永丽.光伏电源接入的配电网短路电流分析及电流保护整定方案[J].电网技术,2015,39(8):2327-2332.ZHANG Huizhi,LI Yongli.Short-circuit current analysis and current protection setting scheme in distribution network with photovoltaic power[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(8):2327-2332.
[10]韩博文,王钢,李海锋,等.含逆变型分布式电源配电网的新型纵联保护方案[J].高电压技术,2017,43(10):3453-3462.HAN Bowen,WANG Gang,LI Haifeng,et al.Novel pilot protection scheme for distribution networks with inverter-interfaced distributed generators[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(10):3453-3462.
[11]李斌,袁越.光伏并网发电对保护及重合闸的影响与对策[J].电力自动化设备,2013,33(4):12-17,23.LI Bin,YUAN Yue.Effects and countermeasures of photovoltaic grid-connected generation on protection and reclosing[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2013,33(4):12-17,23.
[12]李斌,张慧颖,王敬朋,等.分布式电源多点接入配电系统的集成保护[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(15):90-95.LI Bin,ZHANG Huiying,WANG Jingpeng,et al.Integrated protection of distribution system with large-scale distributed generation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(15):90-95.
[13]李乃永,梁军,赵义术,等.考虑分布式电源随机性的配电网保护方案[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(19):33-38.LI Naiyong,LIANG Jun,ZHAO Yishu,et al.Distribution network protection scheme considering the randomness of distributed generation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(19):33-38.
[14]林霞,陆于平,王联合,等.含分布式电源的配电网智能电流保护策略[J].电网技术,2009,33(6):82-89.LIN Xia,LU Yuping,WANG Lianhe,et al.An intelligent current protection strategy for distribution network containing distributed generation[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(6):82-89.
[15]EL-KHATTAM W,SIDHU T S.Resolving the impact of distributed renewable generation on directional overcurrent relay coordination:a case study[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2009,3(4):415-425.
[16]MAHAT P,CHEN Z,BAK-JENSEN B,et al.A simple adaptive overcurrent protection of distribution systems with distributed generation[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2011,2(3):428-437.
[17]NIMPITIWAN N,HEYDT G T,AYYANAR R,et al.Fault current contribution from synchronous machine and inverter based distributed generators[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2007,22(1):634-641.
[18]孙景钌,李永丽,李盛伟,等.含逆变型分布式电源配电网自适应电流速断保护[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(14):71-76.SUN Jingliao,LI Yongli,Li Shengwei,et al.Adaptive current instantaneous trip protection for distribution network with inverter interfaced DG[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(14):71-76.
[19]赵波,王财胜,周金辉,等.主动配电网现状与未来发展[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(18):125-135.ZHAO Bo,WANG Caisheng,ZHOU Jinhui,et al.Current status and future development of active distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(18):125-135.
[20]MAHAT P,CHEN Z,BAK-JENSEN B,et al.A hybrid islanding detection technique using average rate of voltage change and real power shift[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2009,24(2):764-771.
[21]黄媚,董文杰,林子钊,等.主动配电网全资源系统的优化调度[J].高电压技术,2017,43(1):164-171.HUANG Mei,DONG Wenjie,LIN Zizhao,et al.Optimal scheduling of active distribution network based on whole resource system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(1):164-171.
[22]赵静翔,牛焕娜,王钰竹.基于信息熵时段划分的主动配电网动态重构[J].电网技术,2017,41(2):402-408.ZHAO Jingxiang,NIU Huanna,WANG Yuzhu.Dynamic reconfiguration of active distribution network based on information entropy of time intervals[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(2):402-408.
[23]陈晓祺,靳小龙,贾宏杰,等.考虑电动汽车时空负荷的主动配电网重构策略[J].高电压技术,2017,43(3):1049-1056.CHEN Xiaoqi,JIN Xiaolong,JIA Hongjie,et al.Reconfiguration strategy for active distribution network considering spatial-temporal electrical vehicle load model[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(3):1049-1056.
[24]余琼,余胜,李晓晖.含分布式电源的配网自适应保护方案[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(5):110-115.YU Qiong,YU Sheng,LI Xiaohui.An adaptive protection scheme for meshed distribution system with DG[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(5):110-115.
[25]曾德辉,王钢,郭敬梅,等.含逆变型分布式电源配电网自适应电流速断保护方案[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(12):86-92.ZENG Dehui,WANG Gang,GUO Jingmei,et al.Adaptive current instantaneous trip protection for distribution network with inverter interfaced DG[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(12):86-92.
[26]葛耀中.新型继电保护与故障测距原理与技术[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1996.GE Yaozhong.The principle and technology of new relay protection and fault location[M].Xi’an,China:Xi’an Jiao Tong University Press,1996.
[27]刘健,张小庆,陈星莺,等.集中智能与分布智能协调配合的配电网故障处理模式[J].电网技术,2013,37(9):2608-2614.LIU Jian,ZHANG Xiaoqing,CHEN Xingying,et al.Fault location and service restoration for distribution networks based on coordination of centralized intelligence and distributed intelligence[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(9):2608-2614.
[28]张海玉,刘闯,晁勤,等.具有LVRT能力的并网光伏系统继电保护问题研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(3):53-60.ZHANG Haiyu,LIU Chuang,CHAO Qin,et al.Research on relay protection issues of grid-connected photovoltaic system with LVRTability[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(3):53-60.