威海典型海滩沉积地貌及质量评价
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摘要
选择威海双岛湾附近海滩、国际海水浴场海滩、金海滩、青叽岛以西海滩、青叽岛以东海滩、天鹅湖海滩、桑沟湾海滩、楮岛海滩、南海新区海滩和乳山银滩十处代表性岸滩进行了海滩地貌和底质调查,结合沙滩表层样品分析测试数据,对研究区海滩地貌、沉积物粒度分布特征及海滩质量进行了综合评价。结果表明:威海海滩沉积物主要包括砾砂、粗砂、中砂、细砂四种类型,其中中砂分布最广,约占所有点位的35.6%,细砂、粗砂、砾砂分别占34.4%,26.7%和3.3%。岸滩坡度一般较缓,宽度中等以上,岸滩质量整体较好,部分岸滩受沉积物粒度影响,质量稍差。
Investigations of geomorphology and sediments of beaches were carried out in 10 representative beaches such as the Shuangdao Bay beach, the International bathing beach, the Golden bathing beach, the beach west of the Qingjidao Island, the beach east of the Qingjidao Island, the swan lake beach, the Sanggou Bay beach, the Zhudao beach, the Nanhai New District beach and the Rushan silver beach. Combining with the analysis of surface samples collected from the beaches, the beach geomorphology and the grain size distribution and quality of the beach sediments in the study areas are evaluated comprehensively. The sediments of the beaches in Weihai City are mainly composed of gravel sand, coarse sand, medium sand and fine sand. Of them, the medium sand is distributed most widely and accounts for 35.6% of all survey stations; the next is fine sand, which accounts for about 34.4% of all stations; the coarse sand accounts for about 26.7% and the gravel accounts only for 3.3%. The slope of the beaches is gentle in general and the width of the beaches is above medium. The beach quality is better on the whole, but some of the beaches are slightly worse in their quality due to the effects of sediment grain size.
Investigations of geomorphology and sediments of beaches were carried out in 10 representative beaches such as the Shuangdao Bay beach, the International bathing beach, the Golden bathing beach, the beach west of the Qingjidao Island, the beach east of the Qingjidao Island, the swan lake beach, the Sanggou Bay beach, the Zhudao beach, the Nanhai New District beach and the Rushan silver beach. Combining with the analysis of surface samples collected from the beaches, the beach geomorphology and the grain size distribution and quality of the beach sediments in the study areas are evaluated comprehensively. The sediments of the beaches in Weihai City are mainly composed of gravel sand, coarse sand, medium sand and fine sand. Of them, the medium sand is distributed most widely and accounts for 35.6% of all survey stations; the next is fine sand, which accounts for about 34.4% of all stations; the coarse sand accounts for about 26.7% and the gravel accounts only for 3.3%. The slope of the beaches is gentle in general and the width of the beaches is above medium. The beach quality is better on the whole, but some of the beaches are slightly worse in their quality due to the effects of sediment grain size.
引文
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[14] XIN J. The construction of competitive analysis and evaluation index system of coastal tourism resort[D]. Xi’an: Shannxi Normal University, 2007: 29-39. 辛健. 滨海型旅游度假区竞争力分析与评价指标体系的构建[D]. 西安: 陕西师范大学, 2007: 29-39.
[15] SUN J, WANG Y H. A review of beach quality rating systems[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2012, 32(2): 153-159. 孙静, 王永红. 国内外海滩质量评价体系研究[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2012, 32(2): 153-159.
[16] JIANG S M, FU Z P. Environment survey of travel geology of Guangxi and its development suggestions[J]. Guangxi Geology, 2000, 13(4): 47-50. 江素曼, 傅中平. 广西旅游地质环境概况及开发保护建议[J]. 广西地质, 2000, 13(4): 47-50.
[2] YU X X, GU D Q,YAN W W, et al. Lateral Differences in sediments and geomorphology of the northern and southern typical sandy coasts in the eastern Shandong Peninsula and their genesis: taking the coasts of the Haiyang Wanmi Beach and the Weihai International Beach as the example[J]. Coastal Engineering, 2016, 35(1): 33-46. 于晓晓, 谷东起, 闫文文, 等. 山东半岛东部南北岸典型砂质海岸沉积、地貌的横向差异及成因分析——以海阳万米海滩岸段和威海国际海水浴场岸段为例[J]. 海岸工程, 2016, 35(1): 33-46.
[3] SUN J. Sedimentary geomorphology of beaches in Qingdao city and their quality rating[D]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China, 2012: 1-60. 孙静. 青岛市海滩沉积地貌及质量评价[D]. 青岛: 中国海洋大学, 2012: 1-60.
[4] ZHANG S, DU Q S. Research on the development of low-carbon power in Weihai city[J]. China Economic & Trade Herald, 2010 (20): 88. 张省, 杜秋实. 威海市发展低碳电力问题研究[J]. 中国经贸导刊, 2010(20): 88.
[5] YANG J C, LI G X, GONG L X, et al. Status and causes of beach erosion in Weihai, Shandong Province[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of china. 2012, 42(12): 97-106. 杨继超, 李广雪, 宫立新, 等. 山东威海滨海沙滩侵蚀现状和原因分析[J]. 中国海洋大学学报, 2012, 42(12): 97-106.
[6] SUN W F, ZHANG J,MA Y, et al. Remote sensing based method for coastal lagoon classification[J]. Advances in Marine Science, 2014, 32(3): 374-386. 孙伟富, 张杰, 马毅, 等. 我国海岸潟湖卫星遥感分类方法研究[J]. 海洋科学进展, 2014, 32(3): 374-386.
[7] YANG J C, GONG L X, LI G X, et al. Morphodynamic feature on the beaches in Weihai, Shandong Province[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2012, 42(12): 107-114. 杨继超, 宫立新, 李广雪, 等. 山东威海滨海沙滩动力地貌特征[J]. 中国海洋大学学报, 2012, 42(12): 107-114.
[8] CAO H M, CAI F, ZHENG Y L. Evolution characteristics of nourished beach from Xiangshan to Changweijiao in Xiamen[J]. Journal of Applied Oceanography, 2015, 34(1): 24-33. 曹惠美, 蔡锋, 郑勇玲. 人工养护后厦门香山-长尾礁海滩的演变特征[J]. 应用海洋学学报, 2015, 34(1): 24-33.
[9] LENG W, FAN D D. Selecting nodal size for the application of combined using sieving and laser methods in grain-size analysis[J]. Acta Sedimnetologica Sinica, 2014, 32(3): 478-484. 冷伟, 范代读. 联用筛析法与激光法进行粒度接序分析的界点选择[J]. 沉积学报, 2014, 32(3): 478-484.
[10] CHEN X F, FENG X L, LIU D Y, et al. Correlation comparison between laser method and pipette-sieve method of grain size[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China, 2002, 32(4): 608-614. 陈秀法, 冯秀丽, 刘冬雁, 等. 激光粒度分析与传统粒度分析方法相关对比[J]. 中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版), 2002, 32(4): 608-614.
[11] CAO H M, CAI F, SU X X. Analysis on grain size characteristics of sediments on some sandy beaches along the coast in South China[J]. Marine Science Bulletin, 2005, 24(4): 36-45. 曹惠美, 蔡锋, 苏贤泽. 华南沿海若干砂质海滩沉积物粒度特征的分析[J]. 海洋通报, 2005, 24(4): 36-45.
[12] LAN X H, ZHANG Z X, LI R H, et al. Comparison of different grain size analyses for sediments in the South Yellow Sea[J]. Marine Geology Letters, 2006, 22(10): 5-7. 蓝先洪, 张志珣, 李日辉, 等. 南黄海沉积物不同粒度分析结果的对比研究[J]. 海洋地质前沿, 2006, 22(10): 5-7.
[13] WANG S T, YIN P, WU Z. The coastal zone geology of Rizhao, Shandong province[M]. Beijing: Ocean Press, 2014: 47-52. 王松涛, 印萍, 吴振. 山东日照海岸带地质[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社, 2014: 47-52.
[14] XIN J. The construction of competitive analysis and evaluation index system of coastal tourism resort[D]. Xi’an: Shannxi Normal University, 2007: 29-39. 辛健. 滨海型旅游度假区竞争力分析与评价指标体系的构建[D]. 西安: 陕西师范大学, 2007: 29-39.
[15] SUN J, WANG Y H. A review of beach quality rating systems[J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2012, 32(2): 153-159. 孙静, 王永红. 国内外海滩质量评价体系研究[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2012, 32(2): 153-159.
[16] JIANG S M, FU Z P. Environment survey of travel geology of Guangxi and its development suggestions[J]. Guangxi Geology, 2000, 13(4): 47-50. 江素曼, 傅中平. 广西旅游地质环境概况及开发保护建议[J]. 广西地质, 2000, 13(4): 47-50.