古海洋微量元素地球化学演化:对关键地质事件研究的启发
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摘要
古海洋微量元素地球化学循环、沉积环境和生物发育之间发生着复杂的相互作用,对重要地质事件具有指示意义。为加深对这一领域的认识,本文综述了微量元素在古环境重建及在关键地质事件的地球化学应用研究进展。以我国华南地区震旦系-下寒武统为例,阐述了关键地质事件时期古海洋中微量元素变化、沉积环境演变和生物演化之间的协同机制。指出今后值得进一步从微量元素同位素以及不同盆地乃至全球尺度上对比探讨震旦系-早寒武世沉积地层中微量元素分布特征及其在寒武纪生物大爆发中的响应。
The complicated interactions among the geochemical recycling of trace elements,sedimentary environment,and biological development of paleo-oceans are of indicative significance to key geological events. In order to deepen the understanding of this topic,the research progress about the geochemical applications of trace elements for reconstructing paleoenvironment and for studying key geological events has been reviewed in this paper. Taking the Sinian-Lower Cambrian strata in South China as objectives of a case study,we have deeply discussed the co-evolution mechanisms among the trace elements distribution patterns,variation of sedimentary environments,and the biological development. The comparative study on distribution characteristics of trace elements and isotopes of the Sinian-Early Cambrian strata and their possible implications for studying the Cambrian Biomass Explosion from perspectives at a basin or even a global scale are worth to be further comprehensively undertaken in near future.
The complicated interactions among the geochemical recycling of trace elements,sedimentary environment,and biological development of paleo-oceans are of indicative significance to key geological events. In order to deepen the understanding of this topic,the research progress about the geochemical applications of trace elements for reconstructing paleoenvironment and for studying key geological events has been reviewed in this paper. Taking the Sinian-Lower Cambrian strata in South China as objectives of a case study,we have deeply discussed the co-evolution mechanisms among the trace elements distribution patterns,variation of sedimentary environments,and the biological development. The comparative study on distribution characteristics of trace elements and isotopes of the Sinian-Early Cambrian strata and their possible implications for studying the Cambrian Biomass Explosion from perspectives at a basin or even a global scale are worth to be further comprehensively undertaken in near future.
引文
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Algeo T J,Lyons T W.2006.Mo-total organic carbon covariation in modern anoxic marine environments:Implications for analysis of paleoredox and paleohydrographic conditions.Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology,21(1):PA1016
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Boyd P W,Ellwood M J.2010.The biogeochemical cycle of iron in the ocean.Nature Geoscience,3(10):675-682
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Large R R,Halpin J A,Lounejeva E,Danyushevsky L V,Maslennikov V V,Gregory D,Sack P J,Haines P W,Long J A,Makoundi C,Stepanov A S.2015.Cycles of nutrient trace elements in the Phanerozoic ocean.Gondwana Research,28(4):1282-1293
Li C,Jin C S,Planavsky N J,Algeo T J,Cheng M,Yang X L,Zhao YL,Xie S C.2017.Coupled oceanic oxygenation and metazoan diversification during the early-middle Cambrian?Geology,45(8):743-746
Liu S A,Wu H C,Shen S Z,Jiang G Q,Zhang S H,Lv Y W,Zhang H,Li S G.2017.Zinc isotope evidence for intensive magmatism immediately before the End-Permian mass extinction.Geology,45(4):343-346
Mc Lennan S M.2001.Relationships between the trace element composition of sedimentary rocks and upper continental crust.Geochemistry,Geophysics,Geosystems,2(4):2000GC000109
Morel F M M,Milligan A J,Saito M A.2 003.6.05-Marine bioinorganic chemistry:The role of trace metals in the oceanic cycles of major nutrients.Treatise on Geochemistry,6:113-143
Morel F M M,Price N M.2003.The biogeochemical cycles of trace metals in the oceans.Science,300(5621):944-947
Och L M,Cremonese L,Shields-Zhou G A,Poulton S W,Struck U,Ling H F,Li D,Chen X,Manning C,Thirlwall M,Strauss H,Zhu M Y.2016.Palaeoceanographic controls on spatial redox distribution over the Yangtze Platform during the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition.Sedimentology,63(2):378-410
Pan J Y,Ma D S,Cao S L.2004.Trace element geochemistry of the Lower Cambrian black rock series from northwestern Hunan,South China.Progress in Natural Science,14(1):64-70
Pi D H,Liu C Q,Shields-Zhou G A,Jiang S Y.2013.Trace and rare earth element geochemistry of black shale and kerogen in the early Cambrian Niutitang Formation in Guizhou province,South China:Constraints for redox environments and origin of metal enrichments.Precambrian Research,225:218-229
Qi C S,Li C,Gabbott S E,Ma X Y,Xie L H,Deng W F,Jin C S,Hou X G.2018.Influence of redox conditions on animal distribution and soft-bodied fossil preservation of the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Biota.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,507:180-187
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SCOR Working Group.2007.GEOTRACES-An international study of the global marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes.Chemie der Erde-Geochemistry,67(2):85-131
Scott C,Planavsky N J,Dupont C L,Kendall B,Gill B C,Robbins L J,Husband K F,Arnold G L,Wing B A,Poulton S W,Bekker A,Anbar A D,Konhauser K O,Lyons T W.2013.Bioavailability of zinc in marine systems through time.Nature Geoscience,6(2):125-128
Sunda W G.2012.Feedback interactions between trace metal nutrients and phytoplankton in the Ocean.Frontiers in Microbiology,3:204
Taylor S R,Mc Lennan S M.1985.The continental crust:Its composition and evolution,an examination of the geochemical record preserved in sedimentary rocks.London:Blackwell Scientific Publication.
Tian X L,Luo K L.2017.Selenium,arsenic and molybdenum variation and bio-radiation in the Ediacaran-Cambrian interval.Precambrian Research,292:378-385
Tribovillard N,Algeo T J,Lyons T,Riboulleau A.2006.Trace metals as paleoredox and paleoproductivity proxies:An update.Chemical Geology,232(1-2):12-32
Tyson R V,Pearson T H.1991.Modern and ancient continental shelf anoxia.London:Geological Society.
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Algeo T J,Maynard J B.2004.Trace-element behavior and redox facies in core shales of Upper Pennsylvanian Kansas-type cyclothems.Chemical Geology,206(3-4):289-318
Algeo T J.2004.Can marine anoxic events draw down the trace element inventory of seawater?Geology,32(12):1057-1060
Algeo T J,Lyons T W.2006.Mo-total organic carbon covariation in modern anoxic marine environments:Implications for analysis of paleoredox and paleohydrographic conditions.Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology,21(1):PA1016
Algeo T J,Maynard J B.2008.Trace-metal covariation as a guide to water-mass conditions in ancient anoxic marine environments.Geosphere,4(5):872-887
Algeo T J,Tribovillard N.2009.Environmental analysis of paleoceanographic systems based on molybdenum-uranium covariation.Chemical Geology,268(3-4):211-225
Algeo T J,Rowe H.2012.Paleoceanographic applications of trace-metal concentration data.Chemical Geology,324-325:6-18
Boyd P W,Ellwood M J.2010.The biogeochemical cycle of iron in the ocean.Nature Geoscience,3(10):675-682
Chang C,Hu W X,Fu Q,Cao J,Wang X L,Yao S P.2016.Characterization of trace elements and carbon isotopes across the EdiacaranCambrian boundary in Anhui province,South China:Implications for stratigraphy and paleoenvironment reconstruction.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,125:58-70
Gingele F X,Zabel M,Kasten S,Bonn W J,Nürnberg C C.1999.Biogenic Barium as a proxy for paleoproductivity:Methods and limitations of application.In:Fischer G,Wefer G,eds.Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography.Berlin,Heidelberg:Springer,345-364
Guo Q J,Shields G A,Liu C Q,Strauss H,Zhu M Y,Pi D H,Goldberg T,Yang X L.2007.Trace element chemostratigraphy of two Ediacaran-Cambrian successions in South China:Implications for organosedimentary metal enrichment and silicification in the Early Cambrian.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,254(1-2):194-216
Guo Q J,Deng Y N,Hippler D,Franz G,Zhang J M.2016.REE and trace element patterns from organic-rich rocks of the EdiacaranCambrian transitional interval.Gondwana Research,36:94-106
Hatch J R,Leventhal J S.1992.Relationship between inferred redox potential of the depositional environment and geochemistry of the Upper Pennsylvanian(Missourian)Stark Shale Member of the Dennis Limestone,Wabaunsee County,Kansas,U.S.A.Chemical Geology,99(1-3):65-82
Jiang G Q,Zhang S H,Shi X Y,Wang X Q.2008.Chemocline instability and isotope variations of the Ediacaran Doushantuo basin in South China.Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,51(11):1560-1569
Jiang S Y,Yang J H,Ling H F,Chen Y Q,Feng H Z,Zhao K D,Ni P.2007.Extreme enrichment of polymetallic Ni-Mo-PGE-Au in Lower Cambrian black shales of South China:An Os isotope and PGE geochemical investigation.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,254(1-2):217-228
Jin C S,Li C,Algeo T J,Planavsky N J,Cui H,Yang X L,Zhao Y L,Zhang X L,Xie S C.2016.A highly redox-heterogeneous ocean in South China during the Early Cambrian(~529-514 Ma):Implications for biota-environment co-evolution.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,441:38-51
Jones B,Manning D A C.1994.Comparison of geochemical indices used for the interpretation of palaeoredox conditions in ancient mudstones.Chemical Geology,111(1-4):111-129
Kendall B,Komiya T,Lyons T W,Bates S M,Gordon G W,Romaniello S J,Jiang G Q,Creaser R A,Xiao S H,Mc Fadden K,Sawaki Y,Tahata M,Shu D G,Han J,Li Y,Chu X L,Anbar A D.2015.U-ranium and molybdenum isotope evidence for an episode of widespread ocean oxygenation during the late Ediacaran Period.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,156:173-193
Kimura H,Watanabe Y.2001.Oceanic anoxia at the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary.Geology,29(11):995-998
Large R R,Halpin J A,Lounejeva E,Danyushevsky L V,Maslennikov V V,Gregory D,Sack P J,Haines P W,Long J A,Makoundi C,Stepanov A S.2015.Cycles of nutrient trace elements in the Phanerozoic ocean.Gondwana Research,28(4):1282-1293
Li C,Jin C S,Planavsky N J,Algeo T J,Cheng M,Yang X L,Zhao YL,Xie S C.2017.Coupled oceanic oxygenation and metazoan diversification during the early-middle Cambrian?Geology,45(8):743-746
Liu S A,Wu H C,Shen S Z,Jiang G Q,Zhang S H,Lv Y W,Zhang H,Li S G.2017.Zinc isotope evidence for intensive magmatism immediately before the End-Permian mass extinction.Geology,45(4):343-346
Mc Lennan S M.2001.Relationships between the trace element composition of sedimentary rocks and upper continental crust.Geochemistry,Geophysics,Geosystems,2(4):2000GC000109
Morel F M M,Milligan A J,Saito M A.2 003.6.05-Marine bioinorganic chemistry:The role of trace metals in the oceanic cycles of major nutrients.Treatise on Geochemistry,6:113-143
Morel F M M,Price N M.2003.The biogeochemical cycles of trace metals in the oceans.Science,300(5621):944-947
Och L M,Cremonese L,Shields-Zhou G A,Poulton S W,Struck U,Ling H F,Li D,Chen X,Manning C,Thirlwall M,Strauss H,Zhu M Y.2016.Palaeoceanographic controls on spatial redox distribution over the Yangtze Platform during the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition.Sedimentology,63(2):378-410
Pan J Y,Ma D S,Cao S L.2004.Trace element geochemistry of the Lower Cambrian black rock series from northwestern Hunan,South China.Progress in Natural Science,14(1):64-70
Pi D H,Liu C Q,Shields-Zhou G A,Jiang S Y.2013.Trace and rare earth element geochemistry of black shale and kerogen in the early Cambrian Niutitang Formation in Guizhou province,South China:Constraints for redox environments and origin of metal enrichments.Precambrian Research,225:218-229
Qi C S,Li C,Gabbott S E,Ma X Y,Xie L H,Deng W F,Jin C S,Hou X G.2018.Influence of redox conditions on animal distribution and soft-bodied fossil preservation of the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Biota.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,507:180-187
Robbins L J,Lalonde S V,Saito M A,Planavsky N J,Mloszewska AM,Pecoits E,Scott C,Dupont C L,Kappler A,Konhauser K O.2013.Authigenic iron oxide proxies for marine zinc over geological time and implications for eukaryotic metallome evolution.Geobiology,11(4):295-306
Robbins L J,Lalonde S V,Planavsky N J,Partin C A,Reinhard C T,Kendall B,Scott C,Hardisty D S,Gill B C,Alessi D S,Dupont CL,Saito M A,Crowe S A,Poulton S W,Bekker A,Lyons T W,Konhauser K O.2016.Trace elements at the intersection of marine biological and geochemical evolution.Earth-Science Reviews,163:323-348
Schoepfer S D,Shen J,Wei H Y,Tyson R V,Ingall E,Algeo T J.2015.Total organic carbon,organic phosphorus,and biogenic barium fluxes as proxies for paleomarine productivity.Earth-Science Reviews,149:23-52
SCOR Working Group.2007.GEOTRACES-An international study of the global marine biogeochemical cycles of trace elements and their isotopes.Chemie der Erde-Geochemistry,67(2):85-131
Scott C,Planavsky N J,Dupont C L,Kendall B,Gill B C,Robbins L J,Husband K F,Arnold G L,Wing B A,Poulton S W,Bekker A,Anbar A D,Konhauser K O,Lyons T W.2013.Bioavailability of zinc in marine systems through time.Nature Geoscience,6(2):125-128
Sunda W G.2012.Feedback interactions between trace metal nutrients and phytoplankton in the Ocean.Frontiers in Microbiology,3:204
Taylor S R,Mc Lennan S M.1985.The continental crust:Its composition and evolution,an examination of the geochemical record preserved in sedimentary rocks.London:Blackwell Scientific Publication.
Tian X L,Luo K L.2017.Selenium,arsenic and molybdenum variation and bio-radiation in the Ediacaran-Cambrian interval.Precambrian Research,292:378-385
Tribovillard N,Algeo T J,Lyons T,Riboulleau A.2006.Trace metals as paleoredox and paleoproductivity proxies:An update.Chemical Geology,232(1-2):12-32
Tyson R V,Pearson T H.1991.Modern and ancient continental shelf anoxia.London:Geological Society.
Yang J,Jiang S Y,Ling H F,Feng H Z,Chen Y Q,Chen J H.2004.Paleoceangraphic significance of redox-sensitive metals of black shales in the basal Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in Guizhou Province,South China.Progress in Natural Science,14(2):152-157
Zhai L N,Wu C D,Ye Y T,Zhang S C,An Z Z.2018.Marine redox variations during the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition on the Yangtze Platform,South China.Geological Journal,53(1):58-79
Zhang L,Chang S,Khan M Z,Feng Q L,Danelian T,Clausen S,Tribovillard N,Steiner M.2017.The link between metazoan diversity and paleo-oxygenation in the early cambrian:An integrated palaeontological and geochemical record from the eastern Three Gorges Region of South China.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,495:24-41
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