Si元素含量对5A06/2219异种铝合金焊接裂纹的影响
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摘要
采用具有不同Si含量的1070,4043和4047三种焊丝对5A06/2219铝合金进行了焊接,对比了不同焊丝条件下的裂纹倾向性。通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及能谱分析(EDS)对不同Si含量的异种铝合金焊接接头的显微组织及裂纹断口进行了观察,并对异种铝合金焊接裂纹萌生机理进行了讨论。结果表明,当采用Si含量较高的4047焊丝进行焊接时,5A06/2219异种铝合金焊接接头无明显焊接裂纹;当采用1070进行焊接时,焊接裂纹出现在近2219侧的焊缝;当采用4047进行焊接时,焊接裂纹出现在近焊缝中心位置。通过对裂纹断口进行观察可知,焊接裂纹均属于典型的结晶裂纹,晶界析出的低熔点共晶Al_2Cu是产生结晶裂纹的主要原因。
5 A06/2219 aluminum alloy was welded by 1070,4043 and 4047 filler wires with different Si content,respectively,and the influences of Si content on the welding crack sensitivity were studied. The microstructure and crack fracture of different welding joints were observed by optical microscopy( OM),scanning electron microscopy( SEM) and energy spectrum analysis( EDS),and the crack initiation of dissimilar aluminum alloy welded joints was discussed. Compared with the welded joint obtained by 4047 filler wire,the obvious cracking tendency can be found in dissimilar welded joints obtained by 4043 and 1070 filler wire. The welding crack belongs to solidification crack and Cu Al_2 eutectic phase plays a dominant role in crack initiation process.
5 A06/2219 aluminum alloy was welded by 1070,4043 and 4047 filler wires with different Si content,respectively,and the influences of Si content on the welding crack sensitivity were studied. The microstructure and crack fracture of different welding joints were observed by optical microscopy( OM),scanning electron microscopy( SEM) and energy spectrum analysis( EDS),and the crack initiation of dissimilar aluminum alloy welded joints was discussed. Compared with the welded joint obtained by 4047 filler wire,the obvious cracking tendency can be found in dissimilar welded joints obtained by 4043 and 1070 filler wire. The welding crack belongs to solidification crack and Cu Al_2 eutectic phase plays a dominant role in crack initiation process.
引文
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[3]李庆庆,宋建岭,彭江涛,等. 2219铝合金TIG焊接头残余应力分布[J].焊接,2016(1):54-57.
[4]宋建岭,孙志鹏,王惠苗,等. 2219铝合金锻件焊接接头组织与性能[J].焊接,2014(7):51-54.
[5]王国庆,熊林玉,田志杰,等.不同热处理状态2219铝合金TIG焊接头组织性能分析[J].焊接学报,2017,38(1):121-124.
[6]林一桐,王东坡,王颖.基于Neuber公式的焊接制造对运载火箭储箱承载力的影响[J].焊接学报,2016,37(1):51-54.
[7] Yang Tao,Xiong Jun,Chen Hui. Effect of process parameters on tensile strength in plasma-MIG hybrid welding for2219 aluminum alloy[J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2016,84()9-12):24132421.
[8] Du Bo,Sun Zhuanping,Yang Xinqi,et al. Characteristics of friction plug welding to 10 mm thick AA2219-T87 sheet:Weld formation, microstructure and mechanical property[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2016,654:21-29.
[9]王国庆,熊林玉,田志杰,等.不同热处理状态2219铝合金TIG焊接头组织性能分析[J].焊接学报,2017,38(1):121-125.
[10] Heinz A,Haszler A,Keidel C,et al. Recent development in aluminium alloys for aerosace application[J]. Materials Science&Engineering A,2000,280(1):102-107.
[11] Lehmhus D I D,Busse D I M,Herrmann D I,et al. Aluminum and aluminum alloys[M]. Structural Materials and Processes in Transportation. Wiley-VCH Verlag Gmb H&Co. KGa A,Weinheim,Germany,2013.
[12]焦好军,周炼刚,王明正,等.航天用铝合金/焊丝焊接形研究[J].宇航材料工艺,2013(3):66-70.
[13]杜会桥,侯文德,姜坤,等. Al-Mg-Sc型铝合金5B70热裂纹敏感性评估[J].焊接技术,2012,41(12):45-48.
[14]蔡华,孔晓芳,肖荣诗.表面状态对2524铝合金激光焊接组织和结晶裂纹的影响[J].中国激光,2013(2):78-84.
[15]张红霞,吴广贺,闫志峰,等. 5A06铝合金及其焊接接头的疲劳断裂行为[J].中国有色金属学报,2013(2):327-335.
[16]刘仁培,董祖珏,潘永明.铝合金焊接凝固裂纹高温动态开裂行为[J].焊接学报,2005,26(10):9-13.
[17]周万盛,姚君山.铝及铝合金的焊接[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006:62.