基于全桥MMC柔直换流阀损耗分析方法
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摘要
基于全桥MMC的柔性直流输电系统,能迅速隔离直流线路故障,得到了广泛的应用。损耗是衡量换流阀的重要指标,文中对基于全桥MMC换流阀的损耗进行分析,运用分段解析计算的方法给出具体的计算表达式。首先,将MMC换流阀的总损耗分为通态损耗和开关损耗两部分。然后,根据桥臂电流的方向,桥臂电压与投入子模块个数之间的关系,运用分段解析方法得到MMC换流阀的通态损耗;之后,根据每个子模块投切状态变化对应的能量损耗进行分段解析计算,求得MMC换流阀的开关损耗;将这两部分损耗进行综合,从而得出基于全桥MMC换流阀的总损耗。仿真结果验证了文中所提出的损耗分析方法的准确性。
The full bridge of MMC-HVDC(modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current systems)can rapidly isolate DC line faults,which is widely used. Losses are an important indicator of converter valves. Thispaper analyzes the losses of the full bridge and proposes a piecewise analytical formula method for loss calculation ofconverters. Firstly,the total losses of MMC converter valves are divided into two parts:conduction losses and switch-ing losses. Secondly,according to the direction of the bridge arm current and the relationship between the bridge armvoltage and the numbers of input sub-modules,we can get the conduction losses of the MMC converter by using thepiecewise analytical method. Thirdly,according to each sub-module's energy losses in switching state,the specificexpression of switching losses can be acquired by a piecewise analytical formula method. The total losses of the fullbridge are obtained by the conduction losses adding the switching losses. Simulation results verify the accuracy of the proposed method in this paper.
The full bridge of MMC-HVDC(modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current systems)can rapidly isolate DC line faults,which is widely used. Losses are an important indicator of converter valves. Thispaper analyzes the losses of the full bridge and proposes a piecewise analytical formula method for loss calculation ofconverters. Firstly,the total losses of MMC converter valves are divided into two parts:conduction losses and switch-ing losses. Secondly,according to the direction of the bridge arm current and the relationship between the bridge armvoltage and the numbers of input sub-modules,we can get the conduction losses of the MMC converter by using thepiecewise analytical method. Thirdly,according to each sub-module's energy losses in switching state,the specificexpression of switching losses can be acquired by a piecewise analytical formula method. The total losses of the fullbridge are obtained by the conduction losses adding the switching losses. Simulation results verify the accuracy of the proposed method in this paper.
引文
[1]梁少华,田杰,曹冬明,等.柔性直流输电系统控制保护方案[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(15):59-65.LIANG Shaohua,TIAN Jie,CAO Dongming,et al. A control and protection scheme for VSC-HVDC system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(15):59-65.
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[9]张哲任,徐政,薛英林.基于分段解析公式的MMCHVDC阀损耗计算方法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(15):109-116.ZHANG Zheren,XU Zheng,XUE Yinglin. Valve loss calculation of MMC-HVDC based on piecewise analytical formula[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(15):109-116.
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[11]李程昊,谢竹君,林卫星,等.中高频模块化多电平换流器阀损耗的精确计算方法与分析平台[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(17):4361-4370.LI Chenghao,XIE Zhujun,LIN Weixing,et al. Accurate valve loss calculation method and analyzing platform for medium and high-frequency MMC[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(17):4361-4370.
[12]李亚男,蒋维勇,余世峰,等.舟山多端柔性直流输电工程系统设计[J].高电压技术,2014,40(8):2490-2496.LI Yanan,JIANG Weiyong,YU Shifeng,et al. System design of Zhoushan multi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission project[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(8):2490-2496.
[13]朱晋,韦统振,霍群海.一种新型全桥变桥臂型VSCHVDC变流拓扑[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(3):52-61.ZHU Jin,WEI Tongzhen,HUO Qunhai. A new full-bridge alternative arm based VSC-HVDC converter[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(3):52-61.
[14] MARQUARDT R. Modular multilevel converter:An universal concept for HVDC-networks and extended DC-bus-applications[C]//2010 International,Sapporo,Power Electronics Conference(IPEC).[S.l.]:[s.n.],2010:502-507.
[15] MARQUARDT R. Modular multilevel converter topologies with DC-short circuit current limitation[C]//18th International Conference on ECCE Asia.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2011:1425-1431.
[16]张建坡,赵成勇,孙海峰,等.模块化多电平换流器改进拓扑结构及其应用[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(8):173-179.ZHANG Jianpo,ZHAO Chengyong,SUN Haifeng,et al. Improved topology of modular multilevel converter and application[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(8):173-179.
[17]周莹坤,齐磊,姜舒婷,等.采用最近电平控制的模块化多电平换流器损耗一致性分析[J].电网技术,2015,39(9):2490-2497.ZHOU Yingkun,QI Lei,JIANG Shuting,et al. Loss consistency analysis of modular multi-level converter using nearest level control[J]. Power System Technology,2015,39(9):2490-2497.
[18]刘栋,汤广福,贺之渊,等.基于面积等效法的模块化多电平换流器损耗分析[J].电网技术,2012,36(4):197-201.LIU Dong,TANG Guangfu,HE Zhiyuan,et al. Loss evaluation for modular multilevel converter based on equivalentaera modulation[J]. Power System Technology,2012,36(4):197-201.
[19]饶宏,李建国,宋强,等.模块化多电平换流器直流输电系统损耗的计算方法及其损耗特性分析[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(6):101-106.RAO Hong,LI Jianguo,SONG Qiang,et al. Loss calculation method and characteristics analysis for MMC-HVDC system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(6):101-106.
[20]周莹坤.基于半桥子模块结构的模块化多电平换流阀损耗特性分析[D].北京:华北电力大学,2015.ZHOU Yingkun. Loss analysis of modular multi-level converter based on half-bridge sub-modules[D]. Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2015.
[2]杨柳,黎小林,许树楷,等.南澳多端柔性直流输电示范工程系统集成设计方案[J].南方电网技术,2015,9(1):63-67.YANG Liu,LI Xiaolin,XU Shukai,et al. The integrated system design scheme of nan’ao VSC-MTDC demonstration project[J]. Southern Power System Technology,2015,9(1):63-67.
[3]蒋冠前,李志勇,杨慧霞,等.柔性直流输电系统拓扑结构研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(15):145-153.JIANG Guanqian,LI Zhiyong,YANG Huixia,et al. Research review on topological structure of flexible HVDC system[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(15):145-153.
[4]廖武.模块化多电平变换器(MMC)运行与控制若干关键技术研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2016.LIAO Wu. Research on several issues on operation and control in modular multilevel converter[D]. Changsha:Hunan University,2016.
[5]周月宾,江道灼,胡鹏飞,等.一种MMC-HVDC的直流电压波动抑制新方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(27):36-43.ZHOU Yuebin,JIANG Daozhuo,HU Pengfei,et al. A new approach for suppressing DC voltage ripples of MMCHVDC[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(27):36-43.
[6]韦延方,卫志农,孙国强,等.适用于电压源换流器型高压直流输电的模块化多电平换流器最新研究进展[J].高电压技术,2012,38(5):1243-1252.WEI Yanfang,WEI Zhinong,SUN Guoqiang,et al. New prospects of modular multilevel converter applied to voltage source converter high voltage direct current transmission[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(5):1243-1252.
[7]许建中,李承昱,熊岩,等.模块化多电平换流器高效建模方法研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(13):3381-3392.XU Jianzhong,LI Chengyu,XIONG Yan,et al. A review of efficient modeling methods for modular multilevel converters[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(13):3381-3392.
[8]赵岩,胡学浩,汤广福,等.模块化多电平变流器HVDC输电系统控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(25):35-42.ZHAO Yan,HU Xuehao,TANG Guangfu,et al. Control strategy of modular multilevel converters based HVDC transmission[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(25):35-42.
[9]张哲任,徐政,薛英林.基于分段解析公式的MMCHVDC阀损耗计算方法[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(15):109-116.ZHANG Zheren,XU Zheng,XUE Yinglin. Valve loss calculation of MMC-HVDC based on piecewise analytical formula[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(15):109-116.
[10]屠卿瑞,徐政.基于结温反馈方法的模块化多电平换流器型高压直流输电阀损耗评估[J].高电压技术,2012,38(6):1506-1512.TU Qingrui,XU Zheng. Dissipation analysis of MMCHVDC based on junction temperature feedback method[J].High Voltage Engineering,2012,38(6):1506-1512.
[11]李程昊,谢竹君,林卫星,等.中高频模块化多电平换流器阀损耗的精确计算方法与分析平台[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(17):4361-4370.LI Chenghao,XIE Zhujun,LIN Weixing,et al. Accurate valve loss calculation method and analyzing platform for medium and high-frequency MMC[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(17):4361-4370.
[12]李亚男,蒋维勇,余世峰,等.舟山多端柔性直流输电工程系统设计[J].高电压技术,2014,40(8):2490-2496.LI Yanan,JIANG Weiyong,YU Shifeng,et al. System design of Zhoushan multi-terminal VSC-HVDC transmission project[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(8):2490-2496.
[13]朱晋,韦统振,霍群海.一种新型全桥变桥臂型VSCHVDC变流拓扑[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(3):52-61.ZHU Jin,WEI Tongzhen,HUO Qunhai. A new full-bridge alternative arm based VSC-HVDC converter[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(3):52-61.
[14] MARQUARDT R. Modular multilevel converter:An universal concept for HVDC-networks and extended DC-bus-applications[C]//2010 International,Sapporo,Power Electronics Conference(IPEC).[S.l.]:[s.n.],2010:502-507.
[15] MARQUARDT R. Modular multilevel converter topologies with DC-short circuit current limitation[C]//18th International Conference on ECCE Asia.[S.l.]:[s.n.],2011:1425-1431.
[16]张建坡,赵成勇,孙海峰,等.模块化多电平换流器改进拓扑结构及其应用[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(8):173-179.ZHANG Jianpo,ZHAO Chengyong,SUN Haifeng,et al. Improved topology of modular multilevel converter and application[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(8):173-179.
[17]周莹坤,齐磊,姜舒婷,等.采用最近电平控制的模块化多电平换流器损耗一致性分析[J].电网技术,2015,39(9):2490-2497.ZHOU Yingkun,QI Lei,JIANG Shuting,et al. Loss consistency analysis of modular multi-level converter using nearest level control[J]. Power System Technology,2015,39(9):2490-2497.
[18]刘栋,汤广福,贺之渊,等.基于面积等效法的模块化多电平换流器损耗分析[J].电网技术,2012,36(4):197-201.LIU Dong,TANG Guangfu,HE Zhiyuan,et al. Loss evaluation for modular multilevel converter based on equivalentaera modulation[J]. Power System Technology,2012,36(4):197-201.
[19]饶宏,李建国,宋强,等.模块化多电平换流器直流输电系统损耗的计算方法及其损耗特性分析[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(6):101-106.RAO Hong,LI Jianguo,SONG Qiang,et al. Loss calculation method and characteristics analysis for MMC-HVDC system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(6):101-106.
[20]周莹坤.基于半桥子模块结构的模块化多电平换流阀损耗特性分析[D].北京:华北电力大学,2015.ZHOU Yingkun. Loss analysis of modular multi-level converter based on half-bridge sub-modules[D]. Beijing:North China Electric Power University,2015.