拼接式反射镜共焦误差检测
|
摘要
基于传统的夏克-哈特曼波前传感技术,针对实验室现阶段所拥有的合成孔径望远镜系统设计了一套共焦检测系统,用于对合成孔径系统的拼接主镜进行倾斜量误差检测。由于受实验平台振动和实验环境气流扰动等因素的影响,导致检测系统的夏克-哈特曼光斑质心阵列做无规则的抖动,检测系统难以实现高精度共焦。针对该问题提出采用连续帧频数据采样叠加滤波处理的方法来克服实验环境因素的影响;将采集的连续帧频数据逐帧处理,相互叠加,分析光斑质心分布规律,通过构建光斑分布图样最小外接矩形获取光斑质心位置,从而有效的提高了共焦检测系统的准确度。实验表明中心镜沿x与y方向的倾斜量误差数据的标准差分别从0.029 7与0.009 2降到了6.0×10-5与5.1614×10-4。最终光斑质心数据的稳定性得到了不止一个量级的提升,良好的克服了因实验环境因素导致检测系统精度损失的问题,同时也验证了共焦检测系统方案的可行性。
Based on the traditional Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing technology,a co-focus error detection system has been designed for the synthetic aperture system,which is used to detect the tilt error of the segmented primary mirror of the synthetic aperture system.Because of the vibration of the experimental platform and the disturbance of the air flow in the experimental environment,the centroid of mass of the Shack-Hartmann spots array makes irregular jitter which results in the co-focus error detection system not meeting the high-accuracy requirement.In order to solve this problem,amethod of continuous frame rate data sampling and image processing is proposed to overcome the influence of environment.The collected video data is processed frame by frame and superimposed on each other to analyze the distribution law of the centroid of mass of the spots array.The minimum circumscribed rectangle of the spots map is constructed to obtain the position of the centroid of the spots,which greatly improves the detection accuracy of the co-focus error detection system.Experiments show that the standard deviations of the tilt error data along the Xand Ydirections of the central mirror were reduced from 0.029 7 and 0.009 2 to 6.0×10-5 and 5.1614×10-4,respectively.Finally,the stability of the data of the spot centroid has been increased more than one magnitude,which greatly overcomes the problem of loss of precision of the detection system that is caused by environmental factors.In the meantime,the feasibility of the co-focus error detection system is verified.
Based on the traditional Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensing technology,a co-focus error detection system has been designed for the synthetic aperture system,which is used to detect the tilt error of the segmented primary mirror of the synthetic aperture system.Because of the vibration of the experimental platform and the disturbance of the air flow in the experimental environment,the centroid of mass of the Shack-Hartmann spots array makes irregular jitter which results in the co-focus error detection system not meeting the high-accuracy requirement.In order to solve this problem,amethod of continuous frame rate data sampling and image processing is proposed to overcome the influence of environment.The collected video data is processed frame by frame and superimposed on each other to analyze the distribution law of the centroid of mass of the spots array.The minimum circumscribed rectangle of the spots map is constructed to obtain the position of the centroid of the spots,which greatly improves the detection accuracy of the co-focus error detection system.Experiments show that the standard deviations of the tilt error data along the Xand Ydirections of the central mirror were reduced from 0.029 7 and 0.009 2 to 6.0×10-5 and 5.1614×10-4,respectively.Finally,the stability of the data of the spot centroid has been increased more than one magnitude,which greatly overcomes the problem of loss of precision of the detection system that is caused by environmental factors.In the meantime,the feasibility of the co-focus error detection system is verified.
引文
[1]安其昌.三十米望远镜三镜集成检测关键技术研究[D].北京:中国科学院博士论文,2018.AN Q CH.Thirty Meter Telescope Tertiary Mirror Alignment and Metrology[D].Beijing:Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2018.(in Chinese)
[2]谭玉凤.地基大口径望远镜结构设计以及主镜热控研究[D].北京:中国科学院博士论文,2018.TAN Y F.Research on Ground-based Large-aperture Telescope Mount and Thermal Control for Primary Mirror[D].Beijing:Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2018.(in Chinese)
[3]SHACK R V,PLATT B C.Production and use of a lenticular hartmann screen[J].Journal of Optical Society of America A,1971,61(5):656-661.
[4]李臣亮,胡新奇.计算扩展目标夏克-哈特曼传感器子图像偏移量的相关函数质心法研究[J].光学学报,2017,37(9):0928003.LI CH L,HU X Q.Study on centroid-of-correlation-function approach for estimating the sub-image shifts in the extended scene Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2017,37(9):0928003.(in Chinese)
[5]李晶,巩岩,呼新荣,等.哈特曼-夏克波前传感器的高精度质心探测方法[J].中国激光,2014,41(3):0316002.LI J,GONG Y,HU X R,et al..A high-precision centroid detecting method for Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2014,41(3):0316002.(in Chinese)
[6]钮赛赛,沈建新,梁春,等.人眼像差探测哈特曼波前传感器的质心优化[J].光学精密工程,2011,19(12):3016-3024.NIU S S,SHEN J X,LIANG CH,et al..Centroid optimizational of Hartmann-Shack wave-front sensor human eye aberration detection[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2011,19(12):3016-3024.(in Chinese)
[7]夏爱利,马彩文.基于图像处理技术的光斑质心高精度测量[J].光电子·激光,2011,22(10):1542-1545.XIA A L,MA C W.Measurement of focal spot centroid based on image processing[J].Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser,2011,22(10):1542-1545.(in Chinese)
[8]梁春,廖文和,沈建新,等.Hartmann-Shack波前传感器的自适应质心探测方法[J].中国激光,2009,36(2):430-434.LIANG CH,LIAO W H,SHEN J X,et al..An adptive detecting centroid method for HartmanShack wavefront sensor[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2009,36(2):430-434.(in Chinese)
[9]RAMIRO C M,JESU'S G M,MARTHA R A,et al..Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor using a Raspberry Piembedded system[J].SPIE,2017,10231:102311X-1-6.
[10]乔玉晶.非球面拼接测量中偏置误差作用机理与拼接方法研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2008:21-25.QIAO Y J.Study on the Effect Mechanism of Structure Bias Error and the Stitching Interferometric Measurement of Aspheric Surfaces[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2008:21-25.(in Chinese)
[2]谭玉凤.地基大口径望远镜结构设计以及主镜热控研究[D].北京:中国科学院博士论文,2018.TAN Y F.Research on Ground-based Large-aperture Telescope Mount and Thermal Control for Primary Mirror[D].Beijing:Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2018.(in Chinese)
[3]SHACK R V,PLATT B C.Production and use of a lenticular hartmann screen[J].Journal of Optical Society of America A,1971,61(5):656-661.
[4]李臣亮,胡新奇.计算扩展目标夏克-哈特曼传感器子图像偏移量的相关函数质心法研究[J].光学学报,2017,37(9):0928003.LI CH L,HU X Q.Study on centroid-of-correlation-function approach for estimating the sub-image shifts in the extended scene Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2017,37(9):0928003.(in Chinese)
[5]李晶,巩岩,呼新荣,等.哈特曼-夏克波前传感器的高精度质心探测方法[J].中国激光,2014,41(3):0316002.LI J,GONG Y,HU X R,et al..A high-precision centroid detecting method for Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2014,41(3):0316002.(in Chinese)
[6]钮赛赛,沈建新,梁春,等.人眼像差探测哈特曼波前传感器的质心优化[J].光学精密工程,2011,19(12):3016-3024.NIU S S,SHEN J X,LIANG CH,et al..Centroid optimizational of Hartmann-Shack wave-front sensor human eye aberration detection[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2011,19(12):3016-3024.(in Chinese)
[7]夏爱利,马彩文.基于图像处理技术的光斑质心高精度测量[J].光电子·激光,2011,22(10):1542-1545.XIA A L,MA C W.Measurement of focal spot centroid based on image processing[J].Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser,2011,22(10):1542-1545.(in Chinese)
[8]梁春,廖文和,沈建新,等.Hartmann-Shack波前传感器的自适应质心探测方法[J].中国激光,2009,36(2):430-434.LIANG CH,LIAO W H,SHEN J X,et al..An adptive detecting centroid method for HartmanShack wavefront sensor[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2009,36(2):430-434.(in Chinese)
[9]RAMIRO C M,JESU'S G M,MARTHA R A,et al..Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor using a Raspberry Piembedded system[J].SPIE,2017,10231:102311X-1-6.
[10]乔玉晶.非球面拼接测量中偏置误差作用机理与拼接方法研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2008:21-25.QIAO Y J.Study on the Effect Mechanism of Structure Bias Error and the Stitching Interferometric Measurement of Aspheric Surfaces[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2008:21-25.(in Chinese)