基于水化学及D、~(18)O的柳江盆地东宫河流域地下水循环特征解析
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摘要
运用水化学成分和环境同位素作为水循环研究的示踪剂,揭示柳江盆地东宫河流域地下水循环特征。通过现场调查,设计和布置水样的采样点,采集和测试大气降水、地表水及地下水样品,对比不同时期水样的水化学特征,结合氢氧同位素组成,最终确定不同类型地下水的补给、径流及排泄条件。研究表明:最具供水意义的地下水主要来自东宫河流域厚层的府君山组灰岩裂隙含水层,岩溶水自北向南流,与柳江盆地区域岩溶水流动方向一致。接受北部山区大气降水入渗补给,丰水期经由第四系弱透水层在东部落村以泉水形式排泄,在盆地北缘至东部落以西河段以地下径流的形式向东宫河排泄。基岩裂隙水次之,其分布具有强烈的非均质各向异性的特点,与盆地西北部山区的馒毛组泥页岩相比,盆地东北部花岗岩山区的裂隙水,水质好,补给水头最高,补给源稳定、补给路径较短,在李庄及其附近存在自流区。研究成果为当地的水资源开发与利用提供了科学依据。
By using environmental isotopes and hydrochemical components as tracers to survey water cycling,this paper revealed the groundwater cycling characteristics in Liujiang Donggong River Basin.Based on the field survey,designing and assigning the location of sampling points,collecting and testing atmospheric precipitation,surface water and groundwater samples,comparing different period chemical characteristics of water samples,combining hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition,the conditions of recharge,runoff and discharge in different kinds of groundwater were determined.Results showed that groundwater originating from Fujunshan group limestone aquifer with thick layer in the Cambrian system was the most significance of water supply in Donggong River Basin;karst water flow direction was from north to south,which was in line with the regional karst water flow of Liujiang Basin.It received precipitation infiltration recharge from the northern mountains.In the wet period the discharge mainly included two forms:one was the spring discharge through Quaternary aquitard in Dongbuluo village,the other was in the form of groundwater runoff discharge to Donggong River in the northern margin of the basin to the west of Dongbuluo village.The bedrock fissure water followed,and its distribution had the strong inhomogeneous anisotropic characteristics.Compared to the Man-Mao group shale in the northwestern mountains of basin,the water quality in granite fissure from the northeastern mountains of basin was good,and had the highest recharge head,stable recharge source,and shorter recharge route.Meanwhile,artesian zone existed in Lizhuang and its vicinity.The research results can provide the scientific basis for the development and utilization of local water resources.
By using environmental isotopes and hydrochemical components as tracers to survey water cycling,this paper revealed the groundwater cycling characteristics in Liujiang Donggong River Basin.Based on the field survey,designing and assigning the location of sampling points,collecting and testing atmospheric precipitation,surface water and groundwater samples,comparing different period chemical characteristics of water samples,combining hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition,the conditions of recharge,runoff and discharge in different kinds of groundwater were determined.Results showed that groundwater originating from Fujunshan group limestone aquifer with thick layer in the Cambrian system was the most significance of water supply in Donggong River Basin;karst water flow direction was from north to south,which was in line with the regional karst water flow of Liujiang Basin.It received precipitation infiltration recharge from the northern mountains.In the wet period the discharge mainly included two forms:one was the spring discharge through Quaternary aquitard in Dongbuluo village,the other was in the form of groundwater runoff discharge to Donggong River in the northern margin of the basin to the west of Dongbuluo village.The bedrock fissure water followed,and its distribution had the strong inhomogeneous anisotropic characteristics.Compared to the Man-Mao group shale in the northwestern mountains of basin,the water quality in granite fissure from the northeastern mountains of basin was good,and had the highest recharge head,stable recharge source,and shorter recharge route.Meanwhile,artesian zone existed in Lizhuang and its vicinity.The research results can provide the scientific basis for the development and utilization of local water resources.
引文
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[2]赵玉华.秦皇岛市水资源持续利用研究[J].农业环境与发展,1998,15(4):1-3.
[3]田级生.柳江水源地岩溶地面塌陷[J].水文地质工程地质,1994,21(4):52-54.
[4]张风霞.超采地下水造成严重后果[J].地下水,1988,(3):190.
[5]杨丙中,李良芳,徐开志,等.石门寨地质概况及教学实习指南[M].北京:地震出版社,1992.
[6]马金珠,黄天明,丁贞玉,等.同位素指示的巴丹吉林沙漠南缘地下水补给来源[J].地球科学进展,2007,22(9):922-930.
[7]McDonnell J J,Stewart M K,Owens I F.Effect of catchment-scale subsurface mixing on stream isotopic response[J].Water Resources Research,1991,27(12):3065-3073.
[8]Hinton M J,Schiff S L,English M C.Examining the contributions of glacial till water to storm runoff using two-and three-component hydrograph separations[J].Water Resources Research,1994,30(4):983-993.
[9]苏小四,林学钰.银川平原地下水循环及其可更新能力评价的同位素证据[J].资源科学,2004,26(2):29-35.
[10]Fórizs I,Berecz T,Molnár Z,et al.Origin of shallow groundwater of Csepel Island(south of Budapest,Hungary,River Danube):isotopic and chemical approach[J].Hydrological Processes,2005,19(17):3299-3312.
[11]Guay B E,Eastoe C J,Bassett R,et al.Identifying sources of groundwater in the lower Colorado River valley,USA,withδ18 O,δD,and 3H:implications for river water accounting[J].Hydrogeology Journal,2006,14(1/2):146-158.
[12]Weyhenmeyer C E,Burns S J,Waber H N,et al.Isotope study of moisture sources,recharge areas,and groundwater flow paths within the eastern Batinah coastal plain,Sultanate of Oman[J].Water Resources Research,2002,38(10):2-22.
[13]Scholl M A,Ingebritsen S E,Janik C J,et al.Use of precipitation and groundwater isotopes to interpret regional hydrology on a tropical volcanic island:Kilauea volcano area,Hawaii[J].Water Resources Research,1996,32(12):3525-3537.
[14]Guglielmi Y,Mudry J.Estimation of spatial and temporal variability of recharge fluxes to an alluvial aquifer in a fore land area by water chemistry and isotopes[J].Groundwater,1996,34(6):1017-1023.
[15]田级生.柳江盆地岩溶水富水规律剖析[J].石家庄经济学院学报,1985,8(4):21-24.
[16]李晖,蒋忠诚,王月,等.新疆地区大气降水中稳定同位素的变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(5):157-161.
[17]郭晓军,苏凤洹,洪勇,等.蒋家沟流域雨季降水中氢氧同位素特征分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(2):82-85.
[18]阮桂色.电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP—AES)技术的应用进展[J].中国无机分析化学,2012,1(4):15-18.
[19]杜涛,王莹,高超,等.离子色谱法测定饮用水中无机阴离子[J].沈阳师范大学学报:自然科学版,2011,29(2):260-263.
[20]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[21]黄一民.洞庭湖流域水循环中稳定同位素的变化特征及其影响机制研究[D].长沙:湖南师范大学,2013.
[22]张应华,仵彦卿,丁建强,等.运用氧稳定同位素研究黑河中游盆地地下水与河水转化[J].冰川冻土,2005,27(1):106-110.