基于双拾取结构的恒功率输出动态无线电能传输系统研究
|
摘要
为减小移动供电过程中的功率波动,提出一种基于双拾取耦合结构的动态无线电能传输系统。通过采用相互重叠的双拾取线圈,保证了2个拾取的互感平方和是一个与拾取位置无关的常数,并在双拾取线圈之间引入互感,补偿了移动过程中单个拾取的互感零点。推导每个拾取输出功率随等效负载电阻的变化规律,找出使系统输出功率恒定的等效负载电阻值,通过控制每个拾取的实际等效负载电阻,可以实现系统输出功率的恒定。最后,搭建实验平台,验证动态移动过程中系统恒功率输出特性。实验结果表明,在移动供电过程中,系统功率和电流在各个拾取之间平均分配,总输出功率的波动率为±2%。
In order to suppress the power fluctuation in the dynamic charging, a double pick-up coupling structure based dynamic wireless power transfer(DWPT) system was proposed. By adopting double overlapping pick-up coils, the sum of squares of the mutual inductances is independent of the position. The mutual inductance between the double pick-up coils was introduced to compensate the zero points of mutual inductance between each pick-up coil and the transmitter coil.The characteristic of output power in each pick-up was derived which was dependent with the equivalent load, and an optimal load which can make the system output power even was found.The output power can be regulated by controlling the actual equivalent load of each pick-up to be the optimal value. Finally,an experimental prototype was set up to validate the proposed method with the movement of the pick-ups. The experimental results show that the system output power and current are equally distributed among the two pick-ups, and the output power fluctuation is within ±2%.
In order to suppress the power fluctuation in the dynamic charging, a double pick-up coupling structure based dynamic wireless power transfer(DWPT) system was proposed. By adopting double overlapping pick-up coils, the sum of squares of the mutual inductances is independent of the position. The mutual inductance between the double pick-up coils was introduced to compensate the zero points of mutual inductance between each pick-up coil and the transmitter coil.The characteristic of output power in each pick-up was derived which was dependent with the equivalent load, and an optimal load which can make the system output power even was found.The output power can be regulated by controlling the actual equivalent load of each pick-up to be the optimal value. Finally,an experimental prototype was set up to validate the proposed method with the movement of the pick-ups. The experimental results show that the system output power and current are equally distributed among the two pick-ups, and the output power fluctuation is within ±2%.
引文
[1]范兴明,莫小勇,张鑫.无线电能传输技术的研究现状与应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(10):2584-2600.Fan Xingming,Mo Xiaoyong,Zhang Xin.Research status and application of wireless power transmission technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(10):2584-2600(in Chinese).
[2]Covic G A,Boys J T.Inductive power transfer[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2013,101(6):1276-1289.
[3]黄学良,谭林林,陈中,等.无线电能传输技术研究与应用综述[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(10):1-11.Huang Xueliang,Tan Linlin,Chen Zhong.et al.Review and research progress on wireless power transfer technology[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(10):1-11(in Chinese).
[4]赵争鸣,张艺明,陈凯楠.磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术新进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(3):1-13.Zhao Zhengming,Zhang Yiming,Chen Kainan.New progress of magnetically-coupled resonant wireless power transfer technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(3):1-13(in Chinese).
[5]Mi C C,Buja G,Choi S Y,et al.Modern advances in wireless power transfer systems for roadway powered electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(10):6533-6545.
[6]Kim J H,Lee B S,Lee J H,et al.Development of 1-MWinductive power transfer system for a high-speed train[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(10):6242-6250.
[7]Patil D,Mc Donough M K,J.M.Miller,et al.Wireless power transfer for vehicular applications:overview and challenges[J].IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification,2018,4(1):3-37.
[8]Lee S,Huh J,Park C,et al.On-Line Electric Vehicle using inductive power transfer system[C]//2010 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition,2010:1598-1601.
[9]Ahn S,Suh N P,Cho D H.Charging up the road[J].IEEESpectrum,2013,50(4):48-54.
[10]Caillierez A,Sadarnac D,Jaafari A,et al.Unlimited range for electric vehicles[C]//2014 International Symposium on Power Electronics,Electrical Drives,Automation and Motion,2014:941-946.
[11]Boys J T,Covic G A.The inductive power transfer story at the university of Auckland[J].IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine,2015,15(2):6-27.
[12]Miller J M,Jones P T,Li J M,et al.ORNL experience and challenges facing dynamic wireless power charging of EV's[J].IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine,2015,15(2):40-53.
[13]Shin J,Shin S,Kim Y,et al.Design and implementation of shaped magnetic-resonance-based wireless power transfer system for roadway-powered moving electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(3):1179-1192.
[14]Covic G A,Boys J T.Modern trends in inductive power transfer for transportation applications[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2013,1(1):28-41.
[15]Zaheer A,Neath M,Hui Zhi(Zak)Beh,et al.A dynamic EV charging system for slow moving traffic applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification,2017,3(2):354-369.
[16]Nagendra G R,Covic G A,Boys J T.Determining the physical size of inductive couplers for IPT EVsystems[C]//2014 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition-APEC,2014:3443-3450.
[17]Miller J M,Onar O C,White C,et al.Demonstrating dynamic wireless charging of an electric vehicle:The benefit of electrochemical capacitor smoothing[J].IEEEPower Electronics Magazine,2014,1(1):12-24.
[18]Park C,Lee S,Jeong S Y,et al.Uniform power I-type inductive power transfer system with DQ-power supply rails for on-line electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(11):6446-6455.
[19]Liu Y,Mai R,Liu D,et al.Efficiency optimization for wireless dynamic charging system with overlapped DDcoil arrays[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2018,33(4):2832-2846.
[20]Feng H,Cai T,Duan S,et al.An LCC-compensated resonant converter optimized for robust reaction to large coupling variation in dynamic wireless power transfer[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(10):6591-6601.
[21]麦瑞坤,刘野然,陈阳.基于最优等效负载控制的感应电能传输系统效率优化方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(23):6468-6475.Mai Ruikun,Liu Yeran,Chen Yang.Studies of efficiency optimization methods based on optimal equivalent load control in IPT systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(23):6468-6475(in Chinese).
[22]麦瑞坤,马林森.基于双拾取线圈的感应电能传输系统研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(19):5192-5199.Mai Ruikun,Ma Linsen.Research on inductive power transfer systems with dual pick-up coils[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(19):5192-5199(in Chinese).
[23]Michal V.Dynamic duty-cycle limitation of the boost DC/DC converter allowing maximal output power operations[C]//2016 International Conference on Applied Electronics(AE),2016:177-182.
[2]Covic G A,Boys J T.Inductive power transfer[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2013,101(6):1276-1289.
[3]黄学良,谭林林,陈中,等.无线电能传输技术研究与应用综述[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(10):1-11.Huang Xueliang,Tan Linlin,Chen Zhong.et al.Review and research progress on wireless power transfer technology[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(10):1-11(in Chinese).
[4]赵争鸣,张艺明,陈凯楠.磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术新进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(3):1-13.Zhao Zhengming,Zhang Yiming,Chen Kainan.New progress of magnetically-coupled resonant wireless power transfer technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(3):1-13(in Chinese).
[5]Mi C C,Buja G,Choi S Y,et al.Modern advances in wireless power transfer systems for roadway powered electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(10):6533-6545.
[6]Kim J H,Lee B S,Lee J H,et al.Development of 1-MWinductive power transfer system for a high-speed train[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(10):6242-6250.
[7]Patil D,Mc Donough M K,J.M.Miller,et al.Wireless power transfer for vehicular applications:overview and challenges[J].IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification,2018,4(1):3-37.
[8]Lee S,Huh J,Park C,et al.On-Line Electric Vehicle using inductive power transfer system[C]//2010 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition,2010:1598-1601.
[9]Ahn S,Suh N P,Cho D H.Charging up the road[J].IEEESpectrum,2013,50(4):48-54.
[10]Caillierez A,Sadarnac D,Jaafari A,et al.Unlimited range for electric vehicles[C]//2014 International Symposium on Power Electronics,Electrical Drives,Automation and Motion,2014:941-946.
[11]Boys J T,Covic G A.The inductive power transfer story at the university of Auckland[J].IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine,2015,15(2):6-27.
[12]Miller J M,Jones P T,Li J M,et al.ORNL experience and challenges facing dynamic wireless power charging of EV's[J].IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine,2015,15(2):40-53.
[13]Shin J,Shin S,Kim Y,et al.Design and implementation of shaped magnetic-resonance-based wireless power transfer system for roadway-powered moving electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(3):1179-1192.
[14]Covic G A,Boys J T.Modern trends in inductive power transfer for transportation applications[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2013,1(1):28-41.
[15]Zaheer A,Neath M,Hui Zhi(Zak)Beh,et al.A dynamic EV charging system for slow moving traffic applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification,2017,3(2):354-369.
[16]Nagendra G R,Covic G A,Boys J T.Determining the physical size of inductive couplers for IPT EVsystems[C]//2014 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition-APEC,2014:3443-3450.
[17]Miller J M,Onar O C,White C,et al.Demonstrating dynamic wireless charging of an electric vehicle:The benefit of electrochemical capacitor smoothing[J].IEEEPower Electronics Magazine,2014,1(1):12-24.
[18]Park C,Lee S,Jeong S Y,et al.Uniform power I-type inductive power transfer system with DQ-power supply rails for on-line electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2015,30(11):6446-6455.
[19]Liu Y,Mai R,Liu D,et al.Efficiency optimization for wireless dynamic charging system with overlapped DDcoil arrays[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2018,33(4):2832-2846.
[20]Feng H,Cai T,Duan S,et al.An LCC-compensated resonant converter optimized for robust reaction to large coupling variation in dynamic wireless power transfer[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(10):6591-6601.
[21]麦瑞坤,刘野然,陈阳.基于最优等效负载控制的感应电能传输系统效率优化方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(23):6468-6475.Mai Ruikun,Liu Yeran,Chen Yang.Studies of efficiency optimization methods based on optimal equivalent load control in IPT systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(23):6468-6475(in Chinese).
[22]麦瑞坤,马林森.基于双拾取线圈的感应电能传输系统研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(19):5192-5199.Mai Ruikun,Ma Linsen.Research on inductive power transfer systems with dual pick-up coils[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(19):5192-5199(in Chinese).
[23]Michal V.Dynamic duty-cycle limitation of the boost DC/DC converter allowing maximal output power operations[C]//2016 International Conference on Applied Electronics(AE),2016:177-182.