黄土高原中部红砂与荒漠锦鸡儿种群空间分布格局及关联性
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摘要
植物种群的空间分布格局与关联性是研究植物种群之间相互作用及种群与环境关系的重要手段。以甘肃省皋兰县老虎台干旱荒漠区的主要物种——红砂(Reaumuria songarica (Pall.) Maxim.)与荒漠锦鸡儿(Caragana roborovskyi Kom.)为对象,采用Ripley K函数分析了不同坡向红砂和荒漠锦鸡儿种群的点格局特征及其关联性,以揭示干旱荒漠区植被演替过程中优势种群之间的竞争关系和生存繁衍策略。结果表明:红砂与荒漠锦鸡儿种群在3个坡向上的分布具有显著差异,随着坡向由西北坡向西南坡的转变,红砂种群的株数与盖度不断减少,而荒漠锦鸡儿种群则不断增加。在西北坡,红砂种群在0～5 m范围内表现为随机分布,而荒漠锦鸡儿种群以聚集分布为主;在西坡,红砂与荒漠锦鸡儿种群均呈随机分布;在西南坡,红砂种群在0～5 m范围内呈聚集分布,而荒漠锦鸡儿种群呈随机分布。西北坡的红砂与荒漠锦鸡儿在研究尺度内呈负相关;两种物种在西坡0～5 m内无关联;在西南坡,红砂和荒漠锦鸡儿种群在0～1.3 m范围内为负关联,在1.3～5 m范围内则为无关联。研究结果有助于我们认识本地区植物的种内与种间竞争过程、多样化的生态策略及群落演替趋势。
Spatial distribution pattern and association of plant populations are important means to understand the interaction of plant populations and the relationship between plant populations and environment. In this study,the spatial distribution characteristics and the association of Reaumuria songarica( Pall.) Maxim. and Caragana roborovskyi Kom.,two main species on different slopes in Laohutai arid desert area of Gaolan County,Gansu Province,were analyzed by using Ripley's K function,aiming to reveal the changes of competition relationship,survival,and reproduction strategies of dominant populations during vegetation succession in the arid desert area. The results showed that the distribution of R. songarica and C. roborovskyi significantly differed in three slope aspects. The number of individuals and coverage of R. songarica showed a decreasing trend,while the C. roborovskyi showed an increasing trend from northwest to southwest slope. On the northwest slope,R. songarica showed a random distribution at 0-5 m scale,while C. roborovskyi was in aggregated distribution. On the west slope,both R. songarica and C.roborovskyi showed random distribution at all scales. On the southwest slope,R. songarica showed an aggregated distribution at 0-5 m scale,while C. roborovskyi showed a random distribution. R.songarica and C. roborovskyi showed a negative correlation at various scales on the northwest slope. Both species showed no association at 0-5 m scale on the west slope. On the southwest slope,R. songarica and C. roborovskyi showed a negative association at 0-1.3 m scale,and had no association at 1.3-5 m scale. Our results were helpful to the understanding of the intraspecific and interspecific competition,diverse ecological strategies of plant species,and community succession in the study region.
Spatial distribution pattern and association of plant populations are important means to understand the interaction of plant populations and the relationship between plant populations and environment. In this study,the spatial distribution characteristics and the association of Reaumuria songarica( Pall.) Maxim. and Caragana roborovskyi Kom.,two main species on different slopes in Laohutai arid desert area of Gaolan County,Gansu Province,were analyzed by using Ripley's K function,aiming to reveal the changes of competition relationship,survival,and reproduction strategies of dominant populations during vegetation succession in the arid desert area. The results showed that the distribution of R. songarica and C. roborovskyi significantly differed in three slope aspects. The number of individuals and coverage of R. songarica showed a decreasing trend,while the C. roborovskyi showed an increasing trend from northwest to southwest slope. On the northwest slope,R. songarica showed a random distribution at 0-5 m scale,while C. roborovskyi was in aggregated distribution. On the west slope,both R. songarica and C.roborovskyi showed random distribution at all scales. On the southwest slope,R. songarica showed an aggregated distribution at 0-5 m scale,while C. roborovskyi showed a random distribution. R.songarica and C. roborovskyi showed a negative correlation at various scales on the northwest slope. Both species showed no association at 0-5 m scale on the west slope. On the southwest slope,R. songarica and C. roborovskyi showed a negative association at 0-1.3 m scale,and had no association at 1.3-5 m scale. Our results were helpful to the understanding of the intraspecific and interspecific competition,diverse ecological strategies of plant species,and community succession in the study region.
引文
白琰.2005.红砂的解剖结构及生理生态特征对干旱环境的响应(硕士学位论文).兰州:甘肃农业大学.
党晶晶,赵成章,董小刚,等.2014.藏嵩草和矮嵩草种群空间分布格局对水分的响应.生态学杂志,33(7):1734-1740.
冯威,赵成章,韩玲,等.2016.张掖湿地宽苞水柏枝和多枝柽柳种群的空间分布格局与关联性分析.生态学杂志,35(10):2583-2591.
付贵全,徐先英,徐梦莎,等.2016.民勤绿洲边缘两种生境红砂种群空间格局及关联性分析.干旱区地理,39(1):112-121.
黄培祐.1988.荒漠区耐旱树种在异质生境中完成生活周期现象初探.新疆大学学报,5(4):89-95.
胡砚秋,李文斌,崔佳玉,等.2016.亚热带常绿阔叶林优势种个体及生物量的点格局分析.生态学报,36(4):1066-1072.
贾成朕,苗百岭,姜威,等.2017.阿拉善典型荒漠群落种群空间格局及种间关联的尺度依赖性.内蒙古大学学报,48(2):142-148.
刘家琼,邱明新,蒲锦春,等.1982.我国超旱生植物红砂植物学报,24(5):485-488.
李明辉,何风华,刘云,等.2003.林分空间格局的研究方法.生态科学,22(1):77-81.
刘旻霞.2017.亚高寒草甸不同坡向金露梅种群的空间分布格局及空间关联.应用生态学报,28(6):1817-1823.
刘旻霞,李俐蓉,车应弟,等.2017.甘南亚高寒草甸坡向梯度上矮嵩草与珠芽蓼种群点格局及其关联性.生态学杂志,36(10):2685-2691.
刘树敏,杨九艳,清华,等.2016.内蒙古荒漠区红砂(Reaumuria soongorica)种群格局.中国沙漠,36(5):1331-1339.
刘振学,任广鑫,康冰,等.2011.辛家山不同坡向次生林群落物种多样性研究.水土保持研究,18(4):197-202.
李涛.2010.荒漠植物异速生长指数及其空间格局适应降雨梯度变化的规律与机制研究(博士学位论文).兰州:兰州大学.
李先琨,苏宗明,向悟生,等.2002.濒危植物元宝山冷杉种群结构与分布格局.生态学报,22(12):2246-2253.
马成仓,高玉葆,李清芳,等.2007.内蒙古高原荒漠区几种锦鸡儿属(Caragana)优势植物的生理生态适应特性生态学报,27(11):4643-4650.
马茂华,孔令韶.1998.新疆呼图壁绿洲外缘琵琶柴生物生态学特性研究.植物生态学报,22(3):237-244.
孙世贤,卫智军,吴新宏,等.2016.不同放牧强度季节调控下荒漠草原主要植物种群点格局及空间关联性.生态学报,36(23):7570-7579.
苏愿.2013.沙漠超旱生植物红砂的遗传多样性分析(硕士学位论文).成都:电子科技大学.
殷跃平,张作辰,黎志恒,等.2004.兰州皋兰山黄土滑坡特征及灾度评估研究.第四纪研究,24(3):302-310.
中国饲用植物志编辑委员会.1987.中国饲用植物志.北京:农业出版社.
张建华,马成仓,高玉葆.2012.干旱荒漠区荒漠锦鸡儿种群繁殖对策研究.草地学报,20(3):434-438.
张金屯.2011.数量生态学.北京:科学出版社.
赵昕,杨小菊,石勇,等.2014.盐胁迫下荒漠共生植物红砂与珍珠的根茎叶中离子吸收与分配特征.生态学报,34(4):963-972.
朱云云.2016.坡向因子对黄土高原草地植被群落构建的影响机制研究(硕士学位论文).西安:陕西师范大学.
郑元润.1999.大青沟森林植物群落主要木本植物生态位研究.植物生态学报,23(5):475-479.
周紫鹃,苏培玺,解婷婷,等.2014.不同生境下红砂(Reaumuria soongorica)的生理生化特征及适应性.中国沙漠,34(4):1007-1014.
周资行,李毅,焦健.2011.兰州市郊红砂种群数量动态与分布格局.生态与农村环境学报,27(5):24-31.
Bennie J,Huntley B,Wiltshire A,et al.2008.Slope,aspect and climate:Spatially explicit and implicit models of topographic microclimate in chalk grassland.Ecological Modelling,216:47-59.
Condit RS,Ashton PS,Baker PJ,et al.2000.Spatial patterns in the distribution of tropical tree species.Science,288:1414-1418.
Diggle PJ.1983.Statistical analysis of spatial point patterns.Biometrics,32:659-667.
Harper KA,Bergeron Y,Drapeau P,et al.2006.Changes in spatial pattern of trees and snags during structural development in Picea mariana boreal forests.Journal of Vegetation Science,17:625-636.
Skoglund J,Verwijst T.1989.Age structure of woody species populations in relation to seed rain,germination and establishment along the river Dalalven,Sweden.Vegetatio,82:25-34.
Yang XF.2013.Spatial pattern analysis of individuals in different age-classes of Pinus bungeana in Wulu Mountain Reserve,Shanxi,China.Bulletin of Botanical Research,33:24-30.
党晶晶,赵成章,董小刚,等.2014.藏嵩草和矮嵩草种群空间分布格局对水分的响应.生态学杂志,33(7):1734-1740.
冯威,赵成章,韩玲,等.2016.张掖湿地宽苞水柏枝和多枝柽柳种群的空间分布格局与关联性分析.生态学杂志,35(10):2583-2591.
付贵全,徐先英,徐梦莎,等.2016.民勤绿洲边缘两种生境红砂种群空间格局及关联性分析.干旱区地理,39(1):112-121.
黄培祐.1988.荒漠区耐旱树种在异质生境中完成生活周期现象初探.新疆大学学报,5(4):89-95.
胡砚秋,李文斌,崔佳玉,等.2016.亚热带常绿阔叶林优势种个体及生物量的点格局分析.生态学报,36(4):1066-1072.
贾成朕,苗百岭,姜威,等.2017.阿拉善典型荒漠群落种群空间格局及种间关联的尺度依赖性.内蒙古大学学报,48(2):142-148.
刘家琼,邱明新,蒲锦春,等.1982.我国超旱生植物红砂植物学报,24(5):485-488.
李明辉,何风华,刘云,等.2003.林分空间格局的研究方法.生态科学,22(1):77-81.
刘旻霞.2017.亚高寒草甸不同坡向金露梅种群的空间分布格局及空间关联.应用生态学报,28(6):1817-1823.
刘旻霞,李俐蓉,车应弟,等.2017.甘南亚高寒草甸坡向梯度上矮嵩草与珠芽蓼种群点格局及其关联性.生态学杂志,36(10):2685-2691.
刘树敏,杨九艳,清华,等.2016.内蒙古荒漠区红砂(Reaumuria soongorica)种群格局.中国沙漠,36(5):1331-1339.
刘振学,任广鑫,康冰,等.2011.辛家山不同坡向次生林群落物种多样性研究.水土保持研究,18(4):197-202.
李涛.2010.荒漠植物异速生长指数及其空间格局适应降雨梯度变化的规律与机制研究(博士学位论文).兰州:兰州大学.
李先琨,苏宗明,向悟生,等.2002.濒危植物元宝山冷杉种群结构与分布格局.生态学报,22(12):2246-2253.
马成仓,高玉葆,李清芳,等.2007.内蒙古高原荒漠区几种锦鸡儿属(Caragana)优势植物的生理生态适应特性生态学报,27(11):4643-4650.
马茂华,孔令韶.1998.新疆呼图壁绿洲外缘琵琶柴生物生态学特性研究.植物生态学报,22(3):237-244.
孙世贤,卫智军,吴新宏,等.2016.不同放牧强度季节调控下荒漠草原主要植物种群点格局及空间关联性.生态学报,36(23):7570-7579.
苏愿.2013.沙漠超旱生植物红砂的遗传多样性分析(硕士学位论文).成都:电子科技大学.
殷跃平,张作辰,黎志恒,等.2004.兰州皋兰山黄土滑坡特征及灾度评估研究.第四纪研究,24(3):302-310.
中国饲用植物志编辑委员会.1987.中国饲用植物志.北京:农业出版社.
张建华,马成仓,高玉葆.2012.干旱荒漠区荒漠锦鸡儿种群繁殖对策研究.草地学报,20(3):434-438.
张金屯.2011.数量生态学.北京:科学出版社.
赵昕,杨小菊,石勇,等.2014.盐胁迫下荒漠共生植物红砂与珍珠的根茎叶中离子吸收与分配特征.生态学报,34(4):963-972.
朱云云.2016.坡向因子对黄土高原草地植被群落构建的影响机制研究(硕士学位论文).西安:陕西师范大学.
郑元润.1999.大青沟森林植物群落主要木本植物生态位研究.植物生态学报,23(5):475-479.
周紫鹃,苏培玺,解婷婷,等.2014.不同生境下红砂(Reaumuria soongorica)的生理生化特征及适应性.中国沙漠,34(4):1007-1014.
周资行,李毅,焦健.2011.兰州市郊红砂种群数量动态与分布格局.生态与农村环境学报,27(5):24-31.
Bennie J,Huntley B,Wiltshire A,et al.2008.Slope,aspect and climate:Spatially explicit and implicit models of topographic microclimate in chalk grassland.Ecological Modelling,216:47-59.
Condit RS,Ashton PS,Baker PJ,et al.2000.Spatial patterns in the distribution of tropical tree species.Science,288:1414-1418.
Diggle PJ.1983.Statistical analysis of spatial point patterns.Biometrics,32:659-667.
Harper KA,Bergeron Y,Drapeau P,et al.2006.Changes in spatial pattern of trees and snags during structural development in Picea mariana boreal forests.Journal of Vegetation Science,17:625-636.
Skoglund J,Verwijst T.1989.Age structure of woody species populations in relation to seed rain,germination and establishment along the river Dalalven,Sweden.Vegetatio,82:25-34.
Yang XF.2013.Spatial pattern analysis of individuals in different age-classes of Pinus bungeana in Wulu Mountain Reserve,Shanxi,China.Bulletin of Botanical Research,33:24-30.
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