物联网技术在地震受困人员应急搜救中的应用研究
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摘要
为能在搜救地震受困人员时,实时监测灾区情况,增强实时性及降低搜救误差,研究物联网技术在地震受困人员应急搜救中的应用,设计基于物联网的地震应急搜救系统,采用RFID识读器将采集的数据通过互联网传输至数据处理中心服务器上,再反馈至灾区信息处理子系统中的监测防御模块中,若出现异常情况则开启射频模块,命令现场报警装置响应报警应急搜救信号;通过蚁群算法获取最优搜救路线,及时搜救地震受困人员。实验结果表明,设计系统可有效搜救地震受困人员,且系统的吞吐率高达90%,搜救准确率均值高达97.6%,耗时均值仅为0.88 h,具有较高的搜救准确率和搜救效率。
To monitor conditions in disaster areas in real time, enhance real-time performance and reduce the error of search and rescue, the application of the Internet of Things technology in earthquake emergency search and rescue of trapped personnel was studied, and applied to the design of an earthquake emergency search and rescue system. The collected data were transmitted through the Internet to the data processing center server by a RFID reader, and then fed back to the monitoring and defense module of the information processing subsystem in the disaster area. If an abnormal situation occurred, the radio frequency module would be turned on to order the in-situ alarm device to respond to the emergency search and rescue signal. The optimal search and rescue route could be calculated with the ant colony algorithm, and the earthquake trapped personnel could be timely searched and rescued. The experimental results showed that the designed system can effectively search and rescue earthquake trapped personnel. The throughput of the system was as high as 90%, the average accuracy rate of search and rescue as high as 97.6%, and the average consuming time was only 0.88 h. The system showed high search and rescue accuracy and efficiency.
To monitor conditions in disaster areas in real time, enhance real-time performance and reduce the error of search and rescue, the application of the Internet of Things technology in earthquake emergency search and rescue of trapped personnel was studied, and applied to the design of an earthquake emergency search and rescue system. The collected data were transmitted through the Internet to the data processing center server by a RFID reader, and then fed back to the monitoring and defense module of the information processing subsystem in the disaster area. If an abnormal situation occurred, the radio frequency module would be turned on to order the in-situ alarm device to respond to the emergency search and rescue signal. The optimal search and rescue route could be calculated with the ant colony algorithm, and the earthquake trapped personnel could be timely searched and rescued. The experimental results showed that the designed system can effectively search and rescue earthquake trapped personnel. The throughput of the system was as high as 90%, the average accuracy rate of search and rescue as high as 97.6%, and the average consuming time was only 0.88 h. The system showed high search and rescue accuracy and efficiency.
引文
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[2] 郑斌,马祖军,周愉峰.震后应急物流动态选址-联运问题的双层规划模型[J].系统管理学报,2017,26(2):326-337.ZHENG Binla,MA Zujun,ZHOU YUFENG.Bi-Level Model for Dynamic Location-Transportation Problem for Post-Earthquake Relief Distribution[J].Systems Engineering Theory·Methodology·Applications,2017,26(2):326-337.
[3] 杨天青,杨波,席楠,等.地震应急救援差异性查询平台设计与实现[J].震灾防御技术,2016,11(1):125-131.YANG Tianqing,YANG Bo,XI Nan,et al.Design and Realization of Earthquake Emergency Rescue Differential Query Platform[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2016,11(1):125-131.
[4] 孙维.基于物联网的感知矿山体系结构与关键技术研究[J].煤炭技术,2015,34(6):250-252.SUN Wei.Study on Key Technology of Perception Mine Architecture Based on IOT[J].Coal Technology,2015,34(6):250-252.
[5] 王晓青,窦爱霞,丁香,等.地震烈度应急遥感评估研究与应用进展[J].地球信息科学学报,2015,17(12):1536-1544.WANG Xiaoqing,DOU Aixia,DING Xiang,et al.Advance on the RS-based Emergency Seismic Intensity Assessment[J].Journal of Geo-Information Science,2015,17(12):1536-1544.
[6] 李青元,张洛宜,曹代勇,等.三维地质建模的用途、现状、问题、趋势与建议[J].地质与勘探,2016,52(4):759-767.LI Qingyuan,ZHANG Luoyi,CAO Daiyong,et al.Usage,Status,Problems,Trends and Suggestions of 3D Geological Modeling[J].Geology and Exploration,2016,52(4):759-767.
[7] BOLLINGER L,SAPKOTA S N,TAPPONNIER P,et al.Estimating the Return Times of Great Himalayan Earthquakes in Eastern Nepal:Evidence from the Patu and Bardibas Strands of the Main Frontal Thrust[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,2014,119(9):7123-7163.
[8] 刘航.考虑不确定性的地震灾害应急救援设备并行优化设计[J].地震工程学报,2018,40(5):251-256.LIU Hang.Parallel Optimization Design,Incorporating Uncertainty,of Emergency Rescue Equipment for Earthquake Disasters[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,2018,40(5):251-256.
[9] 段志慧,窦远明,王建宁,等.软土地基盾构隧道地震动力响应振动台模型试验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(2):111-115.DUAN Zhihui,DOU Yuanming,WANG Jianning,et al.Shaking Table Test for Seismic Responses of Shield Tunnel in Soft Soil Foundation[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(2):111-115.
[10] 郭继东,杨月巧.地震应急物资需求预测的模糊案例推理技术[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2017,13(2):176-180.GUO Jidong,YANG Yueqiao.Study on Fuzzy Case-based Reasoning (FCBR) for Demand Forecast of Emergency Material in Earthquake[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2017,13(2):176-180.
[11] OLIVETO N D,SIVASELVAN M V.Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Three-Dimensional Free and Harmonically Forced Vibrations of Stranded Conductor Cables[J].Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics,2014,43(14):2199-2216.
[12] 王东明,刘欢,李永佳.基于砖混结构废墟救援安全评估专家系统研究[J].地震研究,2016,39(4):656-663.WANG Dongming,LIU Huan,LI Yongiia.Research on Expert System of Ruins Relief Safety Assessment for Brick-concrete Structure[J].Journal of Seismological Research,2016,39(4):656-663.
[13] 王甜甜,王颖.物联网信息传输数据精确性优化仿真研究[J].计算机仿真,2016,33(10):258-261.WANG Tiantian,WANG Ying.Internet Information Transmission Data Accuracy Optimization Simulation Research[J].Computer Simulation,2016,33(10):258-261.
[14] 李强,张景发.道路震害遥感提取方法现状与应急应用展望[J].地震,2017,37(4):80-92.LI Qiang,ZHANG Jingfa.Extraction Method of Road Seismic Damage from Multi-source Remote Sensing Images and Application Prospect for Earthquake Emergency[J].Earthquake,2017,37(4):80-92.
[15] SILK A,LENTON G,SAVAGE R,et al.Job Task Characteristics of Australian Emergency Services Volunteers during Search and Rescue Operations[J].Ergonomics,2018,61(2):265-272.