渤海湾盆地南部走滑构造带发育特征及其控油气作用
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摘要
郯庐走滑断裂带穿过渤海湾盆地黄河口凹陷和莱西构造带,为了探讨走滑构造带内断裂发育特征、成因机制及其对油气控制作用,依据方差切片、三维可视化及精细地震解释技术对走滑构造带进行研究。结果表明,渤海湾盆地南部走滑构造带内发育"云梯式"和"栅栏式"两种断裂体系,断裂演化主要经历了中生代左旋走滑、古近纪伸展-走滑和新近纪强烈右旋走滑3个阶段。走滑构造带不仅控制了圈闭的形成,而且还影响了中、深层沉积体系的分布和油气的富集层位。结合不同构造部位油气富集特征,建立了走滑构造带内"中转站式"、"网毯式"、"复合式"及"阶梯式"等4类油气成藏模式,近些年指导发现了一系列大中型油气田,为下一步油气勘探指明了方向。
Tanlu strike-slip fault zone transverses the Huanghekou Sag and Laixi structural belt in the southern Bohai Bay Basin. We studied the characteristics and genetic mechanism of faults within the strike-slip zone,as well as its controlling effect on hydrocarbon accumulation,by using variance slicing,3 D visualization and fine seismic interpretation technologies.The results show that there are two kinds of fault systems in the strike-slip fault zone in the southern Bohai Bay Basin: the"aerial ladder"type and the"palisade"type. The fault evolution has experienced three stages including sinistral strike-slip in the Mesozoic,extension-strike-slip in the Paleogene and intensive dextral strike-slip in the Neogene. The strike-slip belt not only controls the formation of traps,but also affects the distribution of sedimentary system in medium-to-deep layers as well as the horizons of hydrocarbon accumulation. According to the characteristics of hydrocarbon enrichment at different structural locations,four types of hydrocarbon accumulation patterns within the strike-slip belt were established,namely the transfer-station,meshwork-carpet,composite and ladder types,which have contributed to the successive discovery of largeor medium-sized oil and gas fields in recent years and will serve as a practical guidance for future hydrocarbon exploration.
Tanlu strike-slip fault zone transverses the Huanghekou Sag and Laixi structural belt in the southern Bohai Bay Basin. We studied the characteristics and genetic mechanism of faults within the strike-slip zone,as well as its controlling effect on hydrocarbon accumulation,by using variance slicing,3 D visualization and fine seismic interpretation technologies.The results show that there are two kinds of fault systems in the strike-slip fault zone in the southern Bohai Bay Basin: the"aerial ladder"type and the"palisade"type. The fault evolution has experienced three stages including sinistral strike-slip in the Mesozoic,extension-strike-slip in the Paleogene and intensive dextral strike-slip in the Neogene. The strike-slip belt not only controls the formation of traps,but also affects the distribution of sedimentary system in medium-to-deep layers as well as the horizons of hydrocarbon accumulation. According to the characteristics of hydrocarbon enrichment at different structural locations,four types of hydrocarbon accumulation patterns within the strike-slip belt were established,namely the transfer-station,meshwork-carpet,composite and ladder types,which have contributed to the successive discovery of largeor medium-sized oil and gas fields in recent years and will serve as a practical guidance for future hydrocarbon exploration.
引文
[1]万天丰.郯庐断裂带的延伸与切割深度[J].现代地质,1996,10(45):518-52.Wan Tianfeng. Length and penetration depth of Tanlu fault zone in eastern Asia[J]. Geoscience,1996,10(45):518-52.
[2]朱光,宋传中,牛漫兰,等.郯庐断裂带的岩石圈结构及其成因分析[J].高校地质学报,2002,8(3):248-256.Zhu Guang,Song Chuanzhong,Niu Manlan,et al. Lithospheric textures of the Tanlu fault zone and the Genetic analysis.[J]. Geological Journal of China Universities,2002,8(3):248-256.
[3]邓运华.郯庐断裂带新构造运动对渤海东部油气聚集的控制作用[J].中国海上油气(地质),2001,15(5):301-305.Deng Yunhua. Control of the Neotectonism along Tanlu fault zone on hydrocarbon accumulation in the eastern Bohai sea.[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),2001,15(5):301-305.
[4]张云银.郯庐断裂带含油气性研究[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(1):28-32.Zhang Yunyin. A Study of Hydrocarbon-bearing characteristics in the tanlu fault zone[J]. Petroleum Geology Experiment,2003,25(1):28-32.
[5]杨占宝.郯庐断裂带中新生代演化与含油气盆地形成分布综述[J].地质力学学报,2006,12(1):43-48.Yang Zhanbao. Meso-genozoic evolution of the tanlu fault zone and formation and distribution of Petroliferous Basins[J]. Journal of Geomechanics,2006,12(1):43-48.
[6]龚再升,蔡东升,张功成.郯庐断裂对渤海海域东部油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):1-10.Gong Zaisheng,Cai Dongsheng,Zhang Gongcheng. Dominating action of Tanlu Fault on hydrocarbon accumulation in eastern Bohai Sea area[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(4):1-10.
[7]万桂梅,周东红,汤良杰.渤海海域郯庐断裂带对油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):450-454.Wang Guimei,Zhou Donghong,Tang Liangjie. Control of the TanLu fault zone on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Bohai Sea waters[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):450-454.
[8]余一欣,周心怀,徐长贵,等.渤海海域断裂相互作用及其油气地质意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2018,39(1):11-19.Yu Yixin,Zhou Xinhuai,Xu Changgui,et al. Fault interactions and their significances for hydrocarbon accumulation in offshore Bohai Bay Basin,eastern China.[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2018,39(1):11-19.
[9]陈斌,邓运华,郝芳,等.黄河口凹陷BZ34断裂带油气晚期快速成藏模式[J].石油学报,2006,27(1):37-41.Chen Bin,Deng Yunhua,Hao Fang et al. Late-stage rapid petroleum accumulation model of BZ34 fault zone in Huanghekou Sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(1):37-41.
[10]龚再升,王国纯.渤海新构造运动控制晚期油气成藏[J].石油学报,2001,22(2):1-7.Gong Zaisheng,Wang Guochun. New tectonism control late hydrocarbon accumulation in the Bohai sea[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(2):1-7.
[11]彭文绪,孙和风,张如才,等.渤海海域黄河口凹陷近源晚期优势成藏模式[J].石油与天然气质,2009,30(4):510-518.Peng Wenxu,Sun Hefeng,Zhang Rucai,et al. Late-stage near-source preponderant hydrocarbon pooling pattern in the Huanghekou Sag of the Bohai Sea waters[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):510-518.
[12]陈书平,吕丁友,王应斌,等.渤海盆地新近纪-第四纪走滑作用及油气勘探意义[J].石油学报,2010,31(6):894-899.Chen Shuping,Lv Dingyou,Wang Yingbin,et al. Neogene-Quaternary strike-slip movement in Bohai Basin and its significance in petroleum exploration[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(6):894-899.
[13]万桂梅,汤良杰,周心怀,等.渤海海域新近纪-第四纪断裂特征及形成机制[J].石油学报,2010. 31(4):591-595.Wan Guimei,Tang Liangjie,Zhou Xinhui,et al. Neogene-Quaternary fault characteristics and its formation mechanism in Bohai Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010. 31(4):591-595.
[14]孙和风,周心怀,彭文绪等.渤海南部黄河口凹陷晚期成藏特征及富集模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(3):307-311.Sun Hefeng,Zhou Xinhuai,Pen Wenxu,et al. Late-stage hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment in the Huanghekou Sag,southernBohai Sea[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(3):307-311.
[15] Harding T. P. Identification of wrench faults using subsurface structural data:criteria and pitfall[J]. AAPG Bulletin,1990. 74(10):1590-1609.
[16] Sylvester A G. Strike-slip faults[J]. GSA Bulletin,1988,100(11):1666-1703.
[17]单家增,张占文,肖乾华.辽河凹陷古近纪两期构造演化的构造物理模拟实验[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):14-17.Shan Jiazeng,Zhang Zhanwen,Xiao Qianhua. Modeling experiments of two-phase structural evolution in the Liaohe Depression,Paleogene[J]. Petroleum exploration and development,2004,31(3):14-17.
[18]万天丰,朱鸿.庐断裂带的最大左行走滑断距及其形成时期[J].高校地质学报,1996,2(1):14-27.Wan Tianfeng,Zhu Hong. The maximum sinistral strike-slip and its forming age of Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone[J]. Geological Journal of Universities,1996,2(1):14-27.
[19]杨明慧.渤海湾盆地变换构造特征及其成藏意义[J].石油学报,2009,30(6):816-823.Yang Minghui. Transfer structure and its relation to hydrocarbon exploration in Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(6):816-823.
[20]彭文绪,辛仁臣,孙和风,等.渤海海域莱州湾凹陷的形成和演化[J].石油学报,2009,30(5):654-660.Peng Wenxu,Xin Renchen,Sun Hefeng,et al. Formation and evolution of Laizhou Bay Sag in Bohai Bay[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(5):654-660.
[21]王应斌,黄雷,王强,等.渤海浅层油气富集规律—以黄河口凹陷为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(5):637-641.Wang yingbin,Huang Lei,Wang Qiang,et al. Hydrocarbon accumulation in the shallow reservoirs of the Bohai Bay Basin:a case study of the Huanghekou Sag[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(5):637-641.
[22]朱秀香,吕修祥,王德英,等.渤海海域黄河口凹陷走滑转换带对油气聚集的控制[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):476-483.Zhu Xiangxiu,Lv Xiuxiang,Wang Deying. Controlling effect of a strike-slip transform belt on hydrocarbon accumulations in the Huanghekou Sag,the Bohai Sea waters[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):476-483.
[23]余一欣,周心怀,徐长贵,等.渤海海域断裂相互作用及其油气地质意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2018,39(1):11-19.Yu Yixin,Zhou Xinhuai,Xu Changgui,et al. Fault interactions and their significances for hydrocarbon accumulation in offshore Bohai Bay Basin,eastern China[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2018,39(1):11-19.
[24]胡明,姜宏军,付广,等.似花状断裂密集带富油差异性——以渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷中浅层为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(4):528-537.Hu Ming,Jiang Hongjun,Fu Guang,et al. Characterization of petroleum pooling patterns in dense flower-like fault belts:Taking the middle and shallow layers in Nanpu Sag of Bohai Bay Basin as an example[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2016,37(4):528-537.
[25]徐长贵,杜晓峰,徐伟,等.沉积盆地“源-汇”系统研究新进展[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(1):1-11.Xu Changgui,Du Xiaofeng,Xu Wei,et al. New advances of the“Source-to-Sink”system research in sedimentary basins[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(1):1-11.
[26]邓宏文,马立祥,姜正龙,等.车镇凹陷大王北地区沙二段滩坝成因类型、分布规律与控制因素研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(5):715-724.Deng Hongwen,Ma Lixiang,Jiang Zhenglong,elta. Sand bank generation types and its controls on their distribution,the second member of Shahejie Formation,Lower tertiary,Dawangbei,Chezhen Depression[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(5):715-724.
[2]朱光,宋传中,牛漫兰,等.郯庐断裂带的岩石圈结构及其成因分析[J].高校地质学报,2002,8(3):248-256.Zhu Guang,Song Chuanzhong,Niu Manlan,et al. Lithospheric textures of the Tanlu fault zone and the Genetic analysis.[J]. Geological Journal of China Universities,2002,8(3):248-256.
[3]邓运华.郯庐断裂带新构造运动对渤海东部油气聚集的控制作用[J].中国海上油气(地质),2001,15(5):301-305.Deng Yunhua. Control of the Neotectonism along Tanlu fault zone on hydrocarbon accumulation in the eastern Bohai sea.[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),2001,15(5):301-305.
[4]张云银.郯庐断裂带含油气性研究[J].石油实验地质,2003,25(1):28-32.Zhang Yunyin. A Study of Hydrocarbon-bearing characteristics in the tanlu fault zone[J]. Petroleum Geology Experiment,2003,25(1):28-32.
[5]杨占宝.郯庐断裂带中新生代演化与含油气盆地形成分布综述[J].地质力学学报,2006,12(1):43-48.Yang Zhanbao. Meso-genozoic evolution of the tanlu fault zone and formation and distribution of Petroliferous Basins[J]. Journal of Geomechanics,2006,12(1):43-48.
[6]龚再升,蔡东升,张功成.郯庐断裂对渤海海域东部油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):1-10.Gong Zaisheng,Cai Dongsheng,Zhang Gongcheng. Dominating action of Tanlu Fault on hydrocarbon accumulation in eastern Bohai Sea area[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(4):1-10.
[7]万桂梅,周东红,汤良杰.渤海海域郯庐断裂带对油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):450-454.Wang Guimei,Zhou Donghong,Tang Liangjie. Control of the TanLu fault zone on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Bohai Sea waters[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):450-454.
[8]余一欣,周心怀,徐长贵,等.渤海海域断裂相互作用及其油气地质意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2018,39(1):11-19.Yu Yixin,Zhou Xinhuai,Xu Changgui,et al. Fault interactions and their significances for hydrocarbon accumulation in offshore Bohai Bay Basin,eastern China.[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2018,39(1):11-19.
[9]陈斌,邓运华,郝芳,等.黄河口凹陷BZ34断裂带油气晚期快速成藏模式[J].石油学报,2006,27(1):37-41.Chen Bin,Deng Yunhua,Hao Fang et al. Late-stage rapid petroleum accumulation model of BZ34 fault zone in Huanghekou Sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(1):37-41.
[10]龚再升,王国纯.渤海新构造运动控制晚期油气成藏[J].石油学报,2001,22(2):1-7.Gong Zaisheng,Wang Guochun. New tectonism control late hydrocarbon accumulation in the Bohai sea[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(2):1-7.
[11]彭文绪,孙和风,张如才,等.渤海海域黄河口凹陷近源晚期优势成藏模式[J].石油与天然气质,2009,30(4):510-518.Peng Wenxu,Sun Hefeng,Zhang Rucai,et al. Late-stage near-source preponderant hydrocarbon pooling pattern in the Huanghekou Sag of the Bohai Sea waters[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):510-518.
[12]陈书平,吕丁友,王应斌,等.渤海盆地新近纪-第四纪走滑作用及油气勘探意义[J].石油学报,2010,31(6):894-899.Chen Shuping,Lv Dingyou,Wang Yingbin,et al. Neogene-Quaternary strike-slip movement in Bohai Basin and its significance in petroleum exploration[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(6):894-899.
[13]万桂梅,汤良杰,周心怀,等.渤海海域新近纪-第四纪断裂特征及形成机制[J].石油学报,2010. 31(4):591-595.Wan Guimei,Tang Liangjie,Zhou Xinhui,et al. Neogene-Quaternary fault characteristics and its formation mechanism in Bohai Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010. 31(4):591-595.
[14]孙和风,周心怀,彭文绪等.渤海南部黄河口凹陷晚期成藏特征及富集模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(3):307-311.Sun Hefeng,Zhou Xinhuai,Pen Wenxu,et al. Late-stage hydrocarbon accumulation and enrichment in the Huanghekou Sag,southernBohai Sea[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(3):307-311.
[15] Harding T. P. Identification of wrench faults using subsurface structural data:criteria and pitfall[J]. AAPG Bulletin,1990. 74(10):1590-1609.
[16] Sylvester A G. Strike-slip faults[J]. GSA Bulletin,1988,100(11):1666-1703.
[17]单家增,张占文,肖乾华.辽河凹陷古近纪两期构造演化的构造物理模拟实验[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(3):14-17.Shan Jiazeng,Zhang Zhanwen,Xiao Qianhua. Modeling experiments of two-phase structural evolution in the Liaohe Depression,Paleogene[J]. Petroleum exploration and development,2004,31(3):14-17.
[18]万天丰,朱鸿.庐断裂带的最大左行走滑断距及其形成时期[J].高校地质学报,1996,2(1):14-27.Wan Tianfeng,Zhu Hong. The maximum sinistral strike-slip and its forming age of Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone[J]. Geological Journal of Universities,1996,2(1):14-27.
[19]杨明慧.渤海湾盆地变换构造特征及其成藏意义[J].石油学报,2009,30(6):816-823.Yang Minghui. Transfer structure and its relation to hydrocarbon exploration in Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(6):816-823.
[20]彭文绪,辛仁臣,孙和风,等.渤海海域莱州湾凹陷的形成和演化[J].石油学报,2009,30(5):654-660.Peng Wenxu,Xin Renchen,Sun Hefeng,et al. Formation and evolution of Laizhou Bay Sag in Bohai Bay[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(5):654-660.
[21]王应斌,黄雷,王强,等.渤海浅层油气富集规律—以黄河口凹陷为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(5):637-641.Wang yingbin,Huang Lei,Wang Qiang,et al. Hydrocarbon accumulation in the shallow reservoirs of the Bohai Bay Basin:a case study of the Huanghekou Sag[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(5):637-641.
[22]朱秀香,吕修祥,王德英,等.渤海海域黄河口凹陷走滑转换带对油气聚集的控制[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):476-483.Zhu Xiangxiu,Lv Xiuxiang,Wang Deying. Controlling effect of a strike-slip transform belt on hydrocarbon accumulations in the Huanghekou Sag,the Bohai Sea waters[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):476-483.
[23]余一欣,周心怀,徐长贵,等.渤海海域断裂相互作用及其油气地质意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2018,39(1):11-19.Yu Yixin,Zhou Xinhuai,Xu Changgui,et al. Fault interactions and their significances for hydrocarbon accumulation in offshore Bohai Bay Basin,eastern China[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2018,39(1):11-19.
[24]胡明,姜宏军,付广,等.似花状断裂密集带富油差异性——以渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷中浅层为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(4):528-537.Hu Ming,Jiang Hongjun,Fu Guang,et al. Characterization of petroleum pooling patterns in dense flower-like fault belts:Taking the middle and shallow layers in Nanpu Sag of Bohai Bay Basin as an example[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2016,37(4):528-537.
[25]徐长贵,杜晓峰,徐伟,等.沉积盆地“源-汇”系统研究新进展[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(1):1-11.Xu Changgui,Du Xiaofeng,Xu Wei,et al. New advances of the“Source-to-Sink”system research in sedimentary basins[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(1):1-11.
[26]邓宏文,马立祥,姜正龙,等.车镇凹陷大王北地区沙二段滩坝成因类型、分布规律与控制因素研究[J].沉积学报,2008,26(5):715-724.Deng Hongwen,Ma Lixiang,Jiang Zhenglong,elta. Sand bank generation types and its controls on their distribution,the second member of Shahejie Formation,Lower tertiary,Dawangbei,Chezhen Depression[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2008,26(5):715-724.