大光包滑坡不连续地质特征及其工程地质意义
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摘要
大光包滑坡是2008年汶川地震触发的最大规模滑坡,也是世界上百年罕见的大型滑坡,引起国内外学者持续争论和广泛研究.本文为研究地质构造对大光包滑坡影响,基于现场照片、遥感图及岩体结构面产状数据,首先开展大光包滑坡断壁、滑带及滑坡堆积体不连续地质特征调查,进而分析该不连续地质特征成因,进一步讨论强地震动、不连续地质界面组合及地下水对大光包滑坡启动影响.研究结果表明:震前随大水闸背斜构造演化发育的断层、层间错动带及优势岩体结构面等不连续地质结构控制了大光包滑坡边界的形成和滑体堆积过程;汶川强震为这些不连续地质结构破坏提供了动力条件;地下水伴随着强震过程不连续地质界面贯通促使了大光包滑坡快速启动.
The Daguangbao(DGB) landslide is the largest landslide triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and considered as one of the largest of these events in the world. In this paper,the geological cause of the DGB landslide was analysed on the basis of rich photographs, remote sensing images, and orientation data. The discontinuity features of the landslide scarp, slip zone, and deposition were investigated firstly, and then the formations of these discontinuities were studied. The effects of strong seismic shaking, geological discontinuities,and ground water on the DGB landslide were discussed. The results showed that the initiation and deposition of the DGB landslide were dominated by geological discontinuities such as local faults, bedding faults,and joint sets,which were developed during the formation of an anticline. Strong ground shaking of the Wenchuan earthquake induced the failure of these geological discontinuities,and ground water might have finally initiated the DGB landslide during the earthquake-induced discontinuity connectivity.
The Daguangbao(DGB) landslide is the largest landslide triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake and considered as one of the largest of these events in the world. In this paper,the geological cause of the DGB landslide was analysed on the basis of rich photographs, remote sensing images, and orientation data. The discontinuity features of the landslide scarp, slip zone, and deposition were investigated firstly, and then the formations of these discontinuities were studied. The effects of strong seismic shaking, geological discontinuities,and ground water on the DGB landslide were discussed. The results showed that the initiation and deposition of the DGB landslide were dominated by geological discontinuities such as local faults, bedding faults,and joint sets,which were developed during the formation of an anticline. Strong ground shaking of the Wenchuan earthquake induced the failure of these geological discontinuities,and ground water might have finally initiated the DGB landslide during the earthquake-induced discontinuity connectivity.
引文
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[6]黄润秋,裴向军,崔圣华.大光包滑坡滑带岩体碎裂及其形成机制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(1):1-15.HUANG Runqiu,PEI Xiangjun,CUI Shenghua.Cataclastic characteristic and formation mechanism of rock mass sliding zone of Daguangbao landslide[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanism and Engineering,2016,35(1):1-15.
[7]黄润秋,裴向军,张伟锋,等.再论大光包滑坡特征与形成机制[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(6):725-736.HUANG Runqiu,PEI Xiangjun,ZHANG Weifeng,et al.Further examination on characteristics and formation mechanism of Daguangbao landslide[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2009,17(6):725-736.
[8]黄河清,赵其华.汶川地震诱发文家沟巨型滑坡-碎屑流基本特征及成因机制初步分析[J].工程地质学报,2010,18(2):168-177.HUANG Heqin,ZHAO Qihua.Basic characteristics and preliminary mechanism analysis of large scale rock slide-sturzstrom at Wenjiagou triggered by Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2010,18(2):168-177.
[9]DAI F C,XU C,YAO X,et al.Spatial distribution of landslides triggered by the 2008 Ms 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake,China[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2011,40(4):883-895.
[10]黄润秋,李为乐.“5.12”汶川大地震触发地质灾害的发育分布规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2585-2592.HUANG Runqiu,LI Weile.Research on development and distribution rules of geohazards induced by Wenchuan earthquake on 12th[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanism and Engineering,2008,27(12):2585-2592.
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[13]许强,李为乐.汶川地震诱发大型滑坡分布规律研究[J].工程地质学报,2010,18(6):818-826.XU Qiang,LI Weile.Distribution of large-scale landslide induced by the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2010,18(6):818-826.
[14]殷跃平.汶川八级地震地质灾害研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(4):433-444.YIN Yueping.Rapid and long run-out feature of landslide ides triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,16(4):433-444.
[15]黄润秋,李为乐.汶川大地震触发地质灾害的断层效应分析[J].工程地质学报,2015,17(8):19-28.HUANG Runqiu,LI Weile.Fault effect analysis of geohazard triggered by Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2015,17(8):19-28.
[16]HUANG R Q,LI W L.Analysis of the geo-hazards triggered by the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,China[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2009,68(3):363-371.
[17]黄润秋,张伟锋,裴向军.大光包滑坡工程地质研究[J].工程地质学报,2014,22(4):557-585.HUANG Runqiu,ZHANG Weifeng,PEI Xiangjun.Engineering geological study on Daguangbao landslide[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2014,22(4):557-585.
[18]HUANG R Q,FAN X.The landslide story[J].Nature Geoscience,2013,5(6):325-326.
[19]HUANG R,PEI X,FAN X,et al.The characteristics and failure mechanism of the largest landslide triggered by the Wenchuan earthquake,May 12,2008,China[J].Landslides,2012,1(9):131-142.
[20]黄润秋,裴向军,李天斌.汶川地震触发大光包巨型滑坡基本特征及形成机理分析[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):730-741.HUANG Runqiu,PEI Xiangjun,LI Tianbin.Basic characteristic and formation mechanism of the largest scale landslide at Daguangbao occurred during the Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,16(6):730-741.
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[22]ZHANG Y,CHEN G,ZHENG L,et al.Effects of near-fault seismic loadings on run-out of large-scale landslide:a case study[J].Engineering Geology,2013,166(8):216-236.
[23]裴向军,黄润秋,崔圣华,等.大光包滑坡岩体碎裂特征及其工程地质意义[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015(增刊1):3106-3115.PEI Xiangjun,HUANG Runqiu,CUI Shenghua,et al.The rock mass cataclastic characteristic of Daguangbao landslide and its engineering geological significance[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanism an Engineering,2015(S1):3106-3115.
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[25]张伟锋,黄润秋,裴向军.大光包滑坡运动特征及其过程分析[J].工程地质学报,2015,23(5):866-885.ZHANG Weifeng,HUANG Runqiu,PEI Xiangjun.Analysis on kinematics and movement process of Daguangbao landslide[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2015,23(5):866-885.
[26]CHIGIRA M,WU X Y,INOKUCHI T,et al.Landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,Sichuan,China[J].Geomorphology,2010,118(3/4):225-238.
[27]崔圣华.强震巨型滑坡滑带碎裂岩体微细观分析及静动力破损机制研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2014.
[28]WANG W N,CHIGIRA M,FURUYA T.Geological and geomorphological precursors of the Chiu-fen-erhshan landslide triggered by the Chi-chi earthquake in central Taiwan[J].Engineering Geology,2003,69(2):1-13.
[29]CHANG K J,TABOADA A,CHAN Y C.Geological and morphological study of the Jiufengershan landslide triggered by the Chi-Chi Taiwan earthquake[J].Geomorphology,2005,71(3):293-309.
[30]裴向军,郝永峰,张军新,等.老鹰岩滑坡成因机制与运动特征研究[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2010,21(4):28-32.PEI Xiangjun,HAO Yongfeng,ZHANG Junxin,et al.Movemwnt characteristics and mechanism of Laoyingyan landslide triggered by Wenchuan earthquake[J].Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,2010,21(4):28-32.
[31]张培震.青藏高原东缘川西地区的现今构造变形、应变分配与深部动力过程[J].中国科学,2008,38(9):1041-1056. ZHANG Peizhen.The tectonic deformation,strain distribution and deep dynamic process eastern in the margin of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Science China,2008,38(9):1041-1056.
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