塔里木盆地西缘晚古生代遗迹化石及其沉积环境
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摘要
通过采集于塔里木盆地西缘哈拉奇地区晚古生代地层中遗迹化石的分析鉴定,共识别出遗迹化石8属10种和1个遗迹相.根据遗迹化石的组合特征及其沉积环境,组建了3个遗迹组,并在遗迹化石基础上结合岩性、古地理环境等特征对研究区沉积环境变迁作了讨论,认为研究区晚古生代经历了多期次海水进退循环,泥盆纪-石炭纪总体海水侵进,沉积环境由滨海逐渐演变为开阔台地,砂泥质沉积发育;二叠纪经历了海退-海进-再次海退的过程,沉积环境依次为滨海-台地边缘斜坡-滞留海湾,碳酸盐沉积发育.这些研究对进一步认识研究区古生物面貌,进而恢复古环境、古生态有重要意义.
Based on the analysis and identification of the trace fossils in late Paleozoic strata from the western border areas of Halaqi of Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, a total of 8 ichnogenus, 10 ichnospecies and an ichnofacies had been identified. Based on the composition and distribution characteristics of these trace fossils and the sedimentary environment, three types of ichnocoenosis under different sedimentary environments had been recognized. According to the analyses above of the trace fossils and combined with the lithologic characteristics of the research area and the ancient geography, the changes in the sedimentary environment had been recognized. During the late Paleozoic,the study area had experienced multiphase cycles of transgression and regression. In the Devonian-Carboniferous period, the study area was controlled by transgression. The sedimentary environment changed from littoral facies to open platform facies, and developed the sandy and muddy sediments. The Permian period had undergone such a depositional cycle as retrogression-transgression-retrogression. The sedimentary environment was of littoral facies and platform margin slope facies, barrier coas and developed carbonate deposits. These studies are also of great importance to further understanding the features of paleontology, and the restoration of the ancient environment and paleoecology.
Based on the analysis and identification of the trace fossils in late Paleozoic strata from the western border areas of Halaqi of Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, a total of 8 ichnogenus, 10 ichnospecies and an ichnofacies had been identified. Based on the composition and distribution characteristics of these trace fossils and the sedimentary environment, three types of ichnocoenosis under different sedimentary environments had been recognized. According to the analyses above of the trace fossils and combined with the lithologic characteristics of the research area and the ancient geography, the changes in the sedimentary environment had been recognized. During the late Paleozoic,the study area had experienced multiphase cycles of transgression and regression. In the Devonian-Carboniferous period, the study area was controlled by transgression. The sedimentary environment changed from littoral facies to open platform facies, and developed the sandy and muddy sediments. The Permian period had undergone such a depositional cycle as retrogression-transgression-retrogression. The sedimentary environment was of littoral facies and platform margin slope facies, barrier coas and developed carbonate deposits. These studies are also of great importance to further understanding the features of paleontology, and the restoration of the ancient environment and paleoecology.
引文
[1]杨式溥,张建平,杨美芳.中国遗迹化石[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:260-263.
[2]周志澄,阮亦萍.塔里木盆地西缘晚古生代遗迹化石及其环境意义[J].古生物学报,1997,36(增刊):182-196.
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[14]周志澄.生物成因的构造在环境解释中的应用:遗迹学研究的新进展[J].古生物学报,1995,34(2):228-249.
[15]李应暹,卢宗盛,王丹,等.辽河盆地陆相遗迹化石与沉积环境研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:90-101.
[16]Minter N J,Krainer K,Lucas S G,et al.Palaeoecology of an early Permian playa lake trace fossil assemblage from Castle Peak,Texas,USA[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology2007,246:390-423.
[17]谢晓安,吴奇之,卢华复.塔里木盆地古生代构造格架与沉积特征[J].沉积学报,1997,15(1):152-155.
[18]朱如凯,罗平,罗忠.塔里木盆地晚泥盆世及石炭纪岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,2002,4(1):13-24.
[19]陈国俊,史基安,薛莲花,等.塔里木西部古生代层序地层特征[J].沉积学报,1999,1(4):561-565.
[20]钟红利,蒲仁海,高山林,等.伊宁凹陷中二叠统铁木里克组沉积特征及暗色泥岩分布[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2011,47(1):18-24.
[21]辛存林,都卫东,魏明,等.新疆西昆仑地区塔卡提铅锌矿地质特征与成矿远景[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2012,48(1):20-26.
[22]李相传,孙柏年,肖良,等.浙江新近纪嵊县组地层特征及其化石研究进展[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2014,50(2):145-153.
[2]周志澄,阮亦萍.塔里木盆地西缘晚古生代遗迹化石及其环境意义[J].古生物学报,1997,36(增刊):182-196.
[3]白忠凯,胡斌,齐永安,等.新疆柯坪地区志留系柯坪塔格组的遗迹化石[J].地质学报,2008,82(9):1161-1170.
[4]方国庆,刘德良.塔里木盆地西北缘中奥陶统其浪组风暴岩中遗迹化石及其环境意义[J].沉积学报,2000,18(1):68-72.
[5]何登发,贾承造,李德生,等.塔里木多旋回叠合盆地的形成与演化[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(1):64-77.
[6]Pemberton S G,Frey R W.Trace fossil nomenclature and the Planolites-Palaeophycus dilemma[J].Journal of Paleontology,1982,56:843-871.
[7]Hofmann R,Goudemand N,Wasmer M,et al.New trace fossil evidence for an early recovery signal in the aftermath of the end-Permian mass extinction[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2011,310:216-226.
[8]Krapovickas V,Ciccioli P L,Mángano M G,et al.Paleobiology and paleoecology of an aridsemiarid Miocene South American ichnofauna in anastomosed fluvial deposits[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,2009,284:129-152.
[9]Chen Z Q,Fraiser M L,Bolton C.Early Triassic trace fossils from Gondwana Interior Sea:implication for ecosystem recovery following the end-Permian mass extinction in south high-latitude region[J].Gondwana Research,2012,22:238-255.
[10]李日辉,张光威.山东莱阳盆地早白垩世莱阳群的遗迹化石[J].古生物学报,2001,40(2):252-261.
[11]晋慧娟,李育慈.西秦岭二叠纪-三叠纪遗迹化石及其环境意义[J].地质科学,1995,30(4):321-328.
[12]Ksiazkiewicz M.Observations on the Ichnofauna of the Polish Carpathians[M].Liverpool:Seel House Press,1970:283-322.
[13]Hall J.Palaeontology of New York[M].New York:C.Van Benthuysen,1847:338-362.
[14]周志澄.生物成因的构造在环境解释中的应用:遗迹学研究的新进展[J].古生物学报,1995,34(2):228-249.
[15]李应暹,卢宗盛,王丹,等.辽河盆地陆相遗迹化石与沉积环境研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:90-101.
[16]Minter N J,Krainer K,Lucas S G,et al.Palaeoecology of an early Permian playa lake trace fossil assemblage from Castle Peak,Texas,USA[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology2007,246:390-423.
[17]谢晓安,吴奇之,卢华复.塔里木盆地古生代构造格架与沉积特征[J].沉积学报,1997,15(1):152-155.
[18]朱如凯,罗平,罗忠.塔里木盆地晚泥盆世及石炭纪岩相古地理[J].古地理学报,2002,4(1):13-24.
[19]陈国俊,史基安,薛莲花,等.塔里木西部古生代层序地层特征[J].沉积学报,1999,1(4):561-565.
[20]钟红利,蒲仁海,高山林,等.伊宁凹陷中二叠统铁木里克组沉积特征及暗色泥岩分布[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2011,47(1):18-24.
[21]辛存林,都卫东,魏明,等.新疆西昆仑地区塔卡提铅锌矿地质特征与成矿远景[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2012,48(1):20-26.
[22]李相传,孙柏年,肖良,等.浙江新近纪嵊县组地层特征及其化石研究进展[J].兰州大学学报:自然科学版,2014,50(2):145-153.