西藏冈底斯南缘汤白矿区早侏罗世含矿斑岩锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义
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摘要
汤白矿区位于西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带西段南缘,南侧紧邻日喀则弧前盆地。矿区由地表探矿工程控制3条赋存于早侏罗世角闪石英闪长斑岩中的主矿体(1号、2号和3号),在野外地质调查的基础上,对角闪石英闪长斑岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年和岩石地球化学测试。研究结果表明:(1)含矿斑岩的成岩年龄为183.3±1.2Ma,形成于早侏罗世;(2)含矿斑岩地球化学特征与大洋岛弧背景下的安山质岩石的地球化学性质一致,表明汤白矿区含矿斑岩形成于大洋岛弧环境;(3)西藏冈底斯斑岩铜矿带具有寻找俯冲期斑岩型矿床的巨大潜力,今后应加强该带俯冲期斑岩型矿床的勘查评价工作,特别是早—中侏罗世斑岩的成矿潜力评价。
The Tangbai ore district, located in the western segment of the Gangdise porphyry copper belt. Its south margin is Xigaze forearc basin. The surface exploration engineering of the mining area revealed that there are three orebodies(No.1, 2 and 3) in Early Jurassic hornblende quartz diorite porphyry. On the basis of field geological investigation, the authors carried out zircon LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating and whole-rock geochemical testing of Early Jurassic hornblende quartz diorite porphyry. The results of the study are as follows. The age of ore-bearing porphyry is 183.3±1.2 Ma, suggesting Early Jurassic; geochemical characteristics of ore-bearing porphyry are similar to those of andesite from the oceanic island arc setting, indicating that ore-bearing porphyry in Tangbai area was formed in the oceanic island arc setting, and the Gangdise porphyry copper belt has huge potential in the search for porphyry deposits of subduction period. It is therefore held that in the future work emphasis should be placed on the subduction stage porphyry deposit exploration and evaluation, especially on the Early-Middle Jurassic porphyry metallogenic potential evaluation.
The Tangbai ore district, located in the western segment of the Gangdise porphyry copper belt. Its south margin is Xigaze forearc basin. The surface exploration engineering of the mining area revealed that there are three orebodies(No.1, 2 and 3) in Early Jurassic hornblende quartz diorite porphyry. On the basis of field geological investigation, the authors carried out zircon LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating and whole-rock geochemical testing of Early Jurassic hornblende quartz diorite porphyry. The results of the study are as follows. The age of ore-bearing porphyry is 183.3±1.2 Ma, suggesting Early Jurassic; geochemical characteristics of ore-bearing porphyry are similar to those of andesite from the oceanic island arc setting, indicating that ore-bearing porphyry in Tangbai area was formed in the oceanic island arc setting, and the Gangdise porphyry copper belt has huge potential in the search for porphyry deposits of subduction period. It is therefore held that in the future work emphasis should be placed on the subduction stage porphyry deposit exploration and evaluation, especially on the Early-Middle Jurassic porphyry metallogenic potential evaluation.
引文
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(1)中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所.西藏自治区谢通门县雄村矿区铜矿勘探报告. 2012.
(2)成都理工大学.西藏日喀则市汤白铜矿地质勘查报告. 2005.
[2]Singer D A,Berger V I,Menzie W D,et al.Porphyry copper deposit density[J].Economic Geology,2005,100:491-514.
[3]Sillitoe R H.Porphyry copper systems[J].Economic Geology,2010,105:3-41.
[4]侯增谦,郑远川,杨志明,等.大陆碰撞成矿作用:Ⅰ.冈底斯新生代斑岩成矿系统[J].矿床地质,2012,31(4):647-670.
[5]朱小三,卢民杰,程文景,等.安第斯与冈底斯成矿带斑岩铜矿床矿物学和成矿斑岩地球化学特征对比[J].地质通报,2017,36(12):2143-2153.
[6]Kesler S E.Copper,molybdenum and gold abundances in porphyry deposit[J].Eocnomic geology,1973,68:106-110.
[7]Taylor D,Leeuwen T V.Porphyry type deposit in southwest Asia[J].Mining geology special issue,1980,8:159-174.
[8]Hedebquist J W,Arriba A J,Reynolds T J.Evolution of an intrusion-centered hydrothermal system:Far Southeast-Lepanto porphtyry and epithermal Cu-Au deposits,Philippines[J].Economic Geology,1998,93:373-404.
[9]Richards J P,Boyce A J,Pringle M S.Geologic evolution of the Escondida area,northern Chile:A model for spatial and temporal localization of porphyry Cu mineralization[J].Economic Geology,2001,96:271-305.
[10]芮宗瑶,黄崇轲,齐国明,等.中国斑岩铜(钼)矿床[M].北京:地质出版社,1984:1-350.
[11]侯增谦,曲晓明,黄卫,等.冈底斯斑岩铜矿成矿带有望成为西藏第二条“玉龙”铜矿带[J].中国地质,2001,28(10):27-30.
[12]曲晓明,侯增谦,黄卫.冈底斯斑岩铜矿带:西藏的第二条“玉龙”铜矿带?[J].矿床地质,2001,20(4):355-366.
[13]Hou Z Q,Ma H W,Zaw K,et al.The Himalayan Yulong Porphyry Copper Belt:Product of Large-Scale Strike-Slip Faulting in Eastern Tibet[J].Economic Geology,2003,98:125-145.
[14]郑有业,张刚阳,许荣科,等.西藏冈底斯朱诺斑岩铜矿床成岩成矿时代约束[J].科学通报,2007,52(21):2542-2548.
[15]唐菊兴,邓世林,郑文宝,等.西藏墨竹工卡县甲玛铜多金属矿床勘查模型[J].矿床地质,2011,30(2):179-196.
[16]侯增谦,曲晓明,王淑贤,等.西藏高原冈底斯斑岩铜矿带辉钼矿Re-Os年龄:成矿作用时限与动力学背景应用[J].中国科学(D辑),2003,33(7):609-618.
[17]张刚阳,郑有业,龚福志,等.西藏吉如:与陆陆碰撞过程相关的斑岩铜矿成岩成矿时代约束[J].岩石学报,2008,24(03):473-479.
[18]Hou Z Q,Yang Z M,Qu X M,et al.The miocene gangdese porphyry copper belt generated during post-collisional extension in the Tibetan Orogen[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2009,36(1/3):25-51.
[19]唐菊兴,陈毓川,王登红,等.西藏工布江达县沙让斑岩钼矿床辉钼矿铼-锇同位素年龄及其地质意义[J].地质学报,2009,83(5):698-704.
[20]Zheng Y C,Fu Q,Hou Z Q,et al.Metallogeny of The northeastern gangdese Pb-Zn-Ag-Fe-Mo-W polymetallic belt in the Lhasa Terrane,southern Tibet[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2016,70:510-532.
[21]莫宣学,董国臣,赵志丹,等.西藏冈底斯带花岗岩的时空分布特征及地壳生长演化信息[J].高校地质学报,2005,11(3):281-290.
[22]潘桂棠,莫宣学,侯增谦,等.冈底斯造山带的时空结构及演化[J].岩石学报,2006,22(3):521-533.
[23]纪伟强,吴福元,锺孙霖,等.西藏南部冈底斯岩基花岗岩时代与岩石成因[J].中国科学(D辑),2009,39:849-871.
[24]Lang X H,Tang J X,Li Z J,et al.U-Pb and Re-Os geochronological evidence for the Jurassic porphyry metallogenic event of the Xiongcun district in the Gangdese porphyry copper belt,southern Tibet,PRC[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2014,79:608-622.
[25]Tang J X,Lang X H,Xie F W,et al.Geological characteristics and genesis of the Jurassic No.I porphyry Cu-Au deposit in the Xiongcun district,Gangdese porphyry copper belt,Tibet[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2015,70:438-456.
[26]Nasdala L,Hofmeister W,Norberg N,et al.Zircon M257--a homogeneous natural reference material for the ion microprobe U-Pb analysis of zircon[J].Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research,2008,32(3):247-265.
[27]侯可军,李延河,田有荣.LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石微区原位U-Pb定年技术[J].矿床地质,2009,28(4):481-492.
[28]侯可军,袁顺达.宁芜盆地火山-次火山岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义[J].岩石学报,2010,26(3):888-902.
[29]Liu Y S,Hu Z C,Gao S,et al.In situ analysis of major and trace elements of anhydrous minerals by LA-ICP-MS without applying an internal standard[J].Chemical Geology,2008,257:34-43.
[30]Liu Y S,Gao S,Hu Z C,et al.Continental and oceanic crust recycling-induced melt-peridotite interactions in the TransNorth China Orogen:U-Pb Dating,Hf isotopes and trace elements in zircons from mantle xenoliths[J].Journal of Petrology,2010,51(51):537-571.
[31]Liu Y S,Hu Z C,Zong K Q,et al.Reappraisement and refinement of zircon U-Pb isotope and trace element analyses by LA-ICP-MS[J].Science Bulletin,2010,55(15):1535-1546.
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