煤层瓦斯赋存特征及其关键地质因素影响研究
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摘要
地质构造对瓦斯涌出有着明显的控制作用,以西山煤田屯兰煤矿为研究对象,通过分析煤层埋藏深度、围岩条件、水文地质、煤的变质程度、地质构造等地质因素的影响,发现断层是控制瓦斯赋存的关键因素。根据断层分布特征,将屯兰煤矿分为4个相对独立的地质单元,基于实测数据,分析了各地质单元内断层分布及其组合方式、局部小断层等对瓦斯赋存规律的影响作用,并以屯兰煤矿工作面瓦斯涌出量实测数据进行了验证。结果表明:屯兰煤矿煤层瓦斯赋存主要受埋深与NE方向断层的控制;区域构造对瓦斯赋存影响明显,断层及断层的组合方式使得矿井局部瓦斯含量出现异常;工作面瓦斯涌出量与地质构造存在密切的联系,在靠近大断层和局部小断层时瓦斯涌出量显著增加;地质单元的划分对地质构造复杂的煤与瓦斯突出矿井具有重要意义。
Geological structure has obvious control effect on gas hazard.Taking Tunlan coal mine of xishan coalfield as the research object,this paper analyzed the influence of geological factors such as buried depth of coal seam,surrounding rock condition,hydrogeology,coal metamorphism degree and geological structure on gas occurrence,and found that fault was the key factor of gas occurrence.According to the distribution characteristics of faults,Tunlan coal mine is divided into four relatively independent geological units. Based on the measured data,the effects of fault distribution and combination methods and local small faults on the occurrence of gas in the local units were analyzed.The data of gas emission from the working face of Gaolan Coal Mine were verified.The results show thatthe gas occurrence in Tunlan coal mine was mainly controlled by NE direction fault and buried depth.Regional structure has a prominent influence on gas occurrence.The combination of faults makes local gas content abnormal.The amount of gas emission in workplace is closely related to geological structure.Gas emission significantly increased near large faults and local small faults; the division of geological units was of great significance to coal and gas outburst mines with complex geological structures.
Geological structure has obvious control effect on gas hazard.Taking Tunlan coal mine of xishan coalfield as the research object,this paper analyzed the influence of geological factors such as buried depth of coal seam,surrounding rock condition,hydrogeology,coal metamorphism degree and geological structure on gas occurrence,and found that fault was the key factor of gas occurrence.According to the distribution characteristics of faults,Tunlan coal mine is divided into four relatively independent geological units. Based on the measured data,the effects of fault distribution and combination methods and local small faults on the occurrence of gas in the local units were analyzed.The data of gas emission from the working face of Gaolan Coal Mine were verified.The results show thatthe gas occurrence in Tunlan coal mine was mainly controlled by NE direction fault and buried depth.Regional structure has a prominent influence on gas occurrence.The combination of faults makes local gas content abnormal.The amount of gas emission in workplace is closely related to geological structure.Gas emission significantly increased near large faults and local small faults; the division of geological units was of great significance to coal and gas outburst mines with complex geological structures.
引文
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[11]关金锋,崔洪庆,司小昆.煤层小断层附近采动应力演化特征与瓦斯突出防治[J].安全与环境学报,2017,17(6):2164-2170.GUAN Jinfeng,CUI Hongqing,SI Xiaokun. On the evolutional characteristics of mining-induced stress near the small scalefaults areas of the coal seam[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment,2017,17(6):2164-2170.
[12]冉小勇,魏风清,史广山.构造的挤压剪切作用对郑州矿区煤与瓦斯突出的控制[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(6):51-54.RAN Xiaoyong,WEI Fengqing,SHI Guangshan.Coal and gas outburst controlled by tectonic extrusion and shear in Zhengzhoumining area[J]. Coal Geology and Exploration,2016,44(6):51-54.
[13]田富超,苏伟伟.瓦斯赋存主控因素对突出煤层开采的影响效应[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(7):173-176.TIAN Fuchao,SU Weiwei. Influential effect of main controlling factors of gas occurrence on outburst coal seam mining[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(7):173-176.
[14]叶建平,武强,王子和.水文地质条件对煤层气赋存的控制作用[J].煤炭学报,2001,26(5):459-462.YE Jianping,WU Qiang,WANG Zihe.Controlled characteristics of hydro geologicalconditions on the coalbed methane migration and accumulation[J]. Journal of Coal Mine,2001,26(5):459-462.
[15]王猛,朱炎铭,王怀勐,等.开平煤田不同层次构造活动对瓦斯赋存的控制作用[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(5):820-824.WANG Meng,ZHU Yanming,WANG Huaimeng,et al. Study on control action of different levels of tectonic activity on gas occurrence of Kaiping coalfield[J]. Journal of Coal Mine,2012,37(5):820-824.
[2]范雯.金能煤矿瓦斯赋存规律研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2013,33(3):265-270.FAN Wen. Research on gas occurrence regularity in Jinneng coal mine[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2013,33(3):265-270.
[3]高原,谈国文.赵庄矿断层构造对煤与瓦斯突出的影响分析[J].矿业安全与环保,2015,42(3):104-107.GAO Yuan,TAN Guowen. Analysis on influence of fault structure upon coal and gas outburst in Zhaozhuang Mine[J].Mining Safety and Environmental Protection,2015,42(3):104-107.
[4]韩军,张宏伟.构造演化对煤与瓦斯突出的控制作用[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(7):1125-1130.HAN Jun,ZHANG Hongwei.The controlling of tectonic evolution to coal and gas outburst[J].Journal of Coal Science,2010,35(7):1125-1130.
[5]董国伟,胡千庭,王麒翔,等.隔档式褶皱演化及其对煤与瓦斯突出灾害的影响[J].中国矿业大学学报,2012,41(6):912-916.DONG Guowei,HU Qianting,WANG Qixiang,et al. The evolution of ejective folds and their influence on coal and gas outburst[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2012,41(6):912-916
[6]雷东记,薛群山,张玉贵,等.平煤十一矿艾山逆断层瓦斯异常区范围划定研究[J].煤矿安全,2018,49(9):194-197.LEI Dongji,XUE Qunshan,ZHANG Yugui,et al.Delineation of gas abnormal area of Aishan reverse fault of Pingmei No.11 Mine[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2018,49(9):194-197.
[7]杨治国,王恩营,李中州.断层对煤层瓦斯赋存的控制作用[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(6):104-106.YANG Zhiguo,WANG Enying,LI Zhongzhou.Control effect of fault to seam gas deposit[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(6):104-106.
[8]柯善斌.鹤岗煤田瓦斯突出构造控制规律及区划研究[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(8):155-158.KE Shanbin.Study on the structural control law and regionalization of gas outburst in Hegang Coalfield[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(8):155-158.
[9]魏国营,王保军,闫江伟,等.平顶山八矿突出煤层瓦斯地质控制特征[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(3):555-561.WEI Guoying,WANG Baojun,YAN Jiangwei,et al. Gas geological control characteristics of outburst coal seam in Pingdingshan No.8Coal Mine[J].Journal of Coal Mine,2015,40(3):555-561.
[10]聂凤祥,刘永杰,郭海峰.基于分形理论的断层构造对千米深井瓦斯赋存规律的影响研究[J].煤矿安全,2019,50(3):150-153,158.NIE Fengxiang,LIU Yongjie,GUO Haifeng.Study on influence of fault structure on laws of gas occurrence in kilometer deep mine based onfractal theory[J]. Safety in Coal Mines,2019,50(3):150-153,158.
[11]关金锋,崔洪庆,司小昆.煤层小断层附近采动应力演化特征与瓦斯突出防治[J].安全与环境学报,2017,17(6):2164-2170.GUAN Jinfeng,CUI Hongqing,SI Xiaokun. On the evolutional characteristics of mining-induced stress near the small scalefaults areas of the coal seam[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment,2017,17(6):2164-2170.
[12]冉小勇,魏风清,史广山.构造的挤压剪切作用对郑州矿区煤与瓦斯突出的控制[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(6):51-54.RAN Xiaoyong,WEI Fengqing,SHI Guangshan.Coal and gas outburst controlled by tectonic extrusion and shear in Zhengzhoumining area[J]. Coal Geology and Exploration,2016,44(6):51-54.
[13]田富超,苏伟伟.瓦斯赋存主控因素对突出煤层开采的影响效应[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(7):173-176.TIAN Fuchao,SU Weiwei. Influential effect of main controlling factors of gas occurrence on outburst coal seam mining[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(7):173-176.
[14]叶建平,武强,王子和.水文地质条件对煤层气赋存的控制作用[J].煤炭学报,2001,26(5):459-462.YE Jianping,WU Qiang,WANG Zihe.Controlled characteristics of hydro geologicalconditions on the coalbed methane migration and accumulation[J]. Journal of Coal Mine,2001,26(5):459-462.
[15]王猛,朱炎铭,王怀勐,等.开平煤田不同层次构造活动对瓦斯赋存的控制作用[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(5):820-824.WANG Meng,ZHU Yanming,WANG Huaimeng,et al. Study on control action of different levels of tectonic activity on gas occurrence of Kaiping coalfield[J]. Journal of Coal Mine,2012,37(5):820-824.