降温凝膜影响颗粒物脱除特性的实验研究
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摘要
为了探究降温凝膜对颗粒物脱除特性的影响,采用电称低压冲击器对模拟烟气(过饱和湿烟气)在静电除尘器前后的颗粒物进行在线监测和分析,得到颗粒物浓度及粒径分布特征,研究了不同降温幅度下凝结相变对颗粒物脱除特性的影响,并着重关注细颗粒物。研究结果表明:降温幅度增大,细颗粒物核化凝结长大,发生凝并、团聚,粒径明显变大;降温凝膜后,静电除尘器对细颗粒物脱除效果明显增强;降温5℃与降温0℃时对比,PM10的质量脱除效率提高约30百分点。降温幅度为4℃时,PM2.5的质量总脱除效率和数量总脱除效率分别已达到73.09%、67.44%。考虑到降温成本,实际应用中,降温幅度选择4℃为宜。
In order to explore the influence of cooling coagulation membrane on particles removal,electrical low pressure impaction was used to realize online testing and sampling analysis of simulated gas(saturated wet flue gas)from electrostatic precipitator inlet and outlet.The concentration of particles in flue gas and its diameter distribution characteristics were got.The removal efficiency of particles resulting from the condensation phase transition by adjusting the cooling degree was discussed.Fine particle was focused on in our study.The results showed that the fine particles' diameter had significantly becoming larger with increasing cooling degree,which was the result of nuclear condensation and coagulation.Better removal effect of fine particles were obtained after cooling.Compared with no cooling measures,the PM10 mass removal efficiency managed 30 percentage points improvement.In addition,it was found that when the temperature declined 4 ℃,the mass and number removal efficiencies of PM2.5 reached 73.09% and67.44%,respectively.Considering the cost,the cooling degree was suggested to be controlled at about 4℃in applications.
In order to explore the influence of cooling coagulation membrane on particles removal,electrical low pressure impaction was used to realize online testing and sampling analysis of simulated gas(saturated wet flue gas)from electrostatic precipitator inlet and outlet.The concentration of particles in flue gas and its diameter distribution characteristics were got.The removal efficiency of particles resulting from the condensation phase transition by adjusting the cooling degree was discussed.Fine particle was focused on in our study.The results showed that the fine particles' diameter had significantly becoming larger with increasing cooling degree,which was the result of nuclear condensation and coagulation.Better removal effect of fine particles were obtained after cooling.Compared with no cooling measures,the PM10 mass removal efficiency managed 30 percentage points improvement.In addition,it was found that when the temperature declined 4 ℃,the mass and number removal efficiencies of PM2.5 reached 73.09% and67.44%,respectively.Considering the cost,the cooling degree was suggested to be controlled at about 4℃in applications.
引文
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[26]唐敏康,冯国俊.粉尘比电阻影响因素分析及应对措施[J].江西理工大学学报,2007,28(3):44-46.
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[29]刘晓燕,亢燕铭,张健.湿式除尘中液滴特性对粒子捕集效率的影响[J].建筑热能通风空调,2012,31(6):44-47.
[2]王圣,朱法华,王慧敏,等.基于实测的燃煤电厂细颗粒物排放特性分析与研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(3):630-635.
[3]CHENG M C,YOU C F,CAO J J,et al.Spatial and seasonal variability of water-soluble ions in PM2.5aerosols in 14 major cities in China[J].Atmospheric Environment,2012,60(6):182-192.
[4]昌艳萍,耿超,李春蕾,等.大气中PM2.5的现状分析及新的思考[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(增刊1):151-154.
[5]PUI D H,CHEN S C,ZUO Z L.PM2.5in China:measurements,sources,visibility and health effects and mitigation[J].Particularity,2014,13(2):1-26.
[6]BAO J J,YANG L J,YAN J P,et al.Experimental study of fine particles removal in the desulfurated scrubbed flue gas[J].Fuel,2013,108(11):73-79.
[7]朱逢豪,李成,柳树成,等.北京市PM2.5的研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2012,35(增刊2):152-155.
[8]QU C R,ZHAO C S,ZHOU W,et al.Emission properties of PM2.5derived from CFB under O2/CO2 atmosphere[J].Proceedings of the Combustion Institute,2011,33(2):2829-2835.
[9]张林,屈晓凡,李云涛,等.燃煤电厂湿式电除尘技术[C]//中国电机工程学会热电专业委员会.全国发(热)电厂烟气脱硫、脱硝及除尘技术交流研讨会论文集.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2013:1-4.
[10]温高森,凡凤仙.蒸汽相变促进可溶PM2.5凝结增长的数值分析[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(5):1119-1124.
[11]吴玮.燃煤细颗粒物排放及其化学团聚捕集特性研究[D].南京:东南大学,2014.
[12]刘勇,赵汶,刘瑞,等.化学团聚促进电除尘脱除PM2.5的实验研究[J].化工学报,2014,65(9):3609-3616.
[13]FLETCHER N H.Size effect in heterogeneous nucleation[J].Journal of Chemical Physics,1958,29(3):572-576.
[14]凡凤仙,杨林军,袁竹林,等.水汽在燃煤PM2.5表面异质核化特性数值预测[J].化工学报,2007,58(10):2561-2566.
[15]SCHAUER P J.Removal of submicron aerosol particles from a moving gas stream[J].Industrial&Engineering Chemistry,1951,43(7):1532-1538.
[16]杨林军,颜金培,沈湘林.蒸汽相变促进燃烧源PM2.5凝并长大的研究现状及展望[J].现代化工,2005,25(11):22-24,26.
[17]颜金培,杨林军,张霞,等.应用蒸汽相变机理脱除燃煤可吸入颗粒物实验研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(35):12-16.
[18]颜金培.蒸汽相变促进燃煤细颗粒物脱除的研究[D].南京:东南大学,2009.
[19]ANDERLOHR C,BRACHERT L,MERTENS J,et al.Collection and generation of sulfuric acid aerosols in a wet electrostatic precipitator[J].Aerosol Science and Technology,2015,49(3):144-151.
[20]MERTENS J,ANDERLOHR C,ROGIERS P,et al.A wet electrostatic precipitator(WESP)as countermeasure to mist formation in amine based carbon capture[J].International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control,2014,31:175-181.
[21]CRDOBA P,AYORA C,MORENO N,et al.Influence of an aluminium additive in aqueous and solid speciation of elements in flue gas desulphurisation(FGD)system[J].Energy,2013,50(2):438-444.
[22]刘含笑,朱少平,姚宇平,等.电荷法测试WESP进出口烟气中PM2.5的试验研究[J].中国电力,2014,47(12):37-41.
[23]熊英莹,谭厚章.湿式相变冷凝除尘技术对微细颗粒物的脱除研究[J].洁净煤技术,2015,21(2):20-24.
[24]夏松柏,穆春丰,刘天庆,等.蒸汽冷凝初始液滴形成机理研究[J].大连理工大学学报,2009,49(6):806-811.
[25]凡凤仙,杨林军,袁竹林.蒸汽在细微颗粒表面异质核化研究进展[J].化工进展,2009,28(9):1496-1500.
[26]唐敏康,冯国俊.粉尘比电阻影响因素分析及应对措施[J].江西理工大学学报,2007,28(3):44-46.
[27]齐国杰.燃煤超细颗粒物增湿团聚实验研究[D].济南:山东大学,2009.
[28]熊英莹,谭厚章.湿式毛细相变凝聚技术对微细颗粒物的脱除机理研究[C]//中国环境科学学会.2014中国环境科学学会学术年会论文集.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2014:1-7.
[29]刘晓燕,亢燕铭,张健.湿式除尘中液滴特性对粒子捕集效率的影响[J].建筑热能通风空调,2012,31(6):44-47.