强反射背景下不整合圈闭储层描述方法——以济阳坳陷长堤地区中生界为例
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摘要
为解决强反射背景下不整合圈闭薄储层难以准确描述的问题,以济阳坳陷长堤地区中生界不整合圈闭为例,研究强反射分离方法,建立分离流程,讨论分离过程中关键参数的选取,并构建模型验证分离方法的可行性,选择储层预测敏感参数。研究表明,加入局部频率约束算子的匹配追踪算法能够有效避免异常值、加强运算稳定性和提高运算速度;结合目标区测井资料、井旁道数据确定尺度因子λ为0.6时能够实现强反射的合理分离,凸显有效储层信息。分离后的数据体中,振幅类属性与有效储层厚度具有正相关关系,能够反映储层的平面展布特征。所部署井位钻探结果与预测吻合,验证了该方法的可靠性。
It is difficult to accurately describe the thin reservoirs in unconformity traps with strong seismic reflections. Taking the Mesozoic unconformity trap in the Changdi area in the Jiyang depression as a case, the method for strong reflection separation is studied, the separation process is established, the selection of key parameters in the separation process is discussed, and the models are established to verify the feasibility of the separation method and select sensitive parameters for reservoir prediction. The study shows that the matching tracing algorithm with local frequency as a constraint can effectively avoid outliers, enhance the stability and increase the speed of calculation. Considering well logging data and near-well seismic data, it is proved that a 0.6 λ(scale factor) can find out strong reflections and highlight effective reservoir information in the target area. In the separated data volume, there is a positive correlation between the amplitude attribute and the effective reservoir thickness, which can reflect the lateral distribution characteristics of the reservoir. The drilling results of the wells are consistent with the predictions, which verifies the reliability of the method.
It is difficult to accurately describe the thin reservoirs in unconformity traps with strong seismic reflections. Taking the Mesozoic unconformity trap in the Changdi area in the Jiyang depression as a case, the method for strong reflection separation is studied, the separation process is established, the selection of key parameters in the separation process is discussed, and the models are established to verify the feasibility of the separation method and select sensitive parameters for reservoir prediction. The study shows that the matching tracing algorithm with local frequency as a constraint can effectively avoid outliers, enhance the stability and increase the speed of calculation. Considering well logging data and near-well seismic data, it is proved that a 0.6 λ(scale factor) can find out strong reflections and highlight effective reservoir information in the target area. In the separated data volume, there is a positive correlation between the amplitude attribute and the effective reservoir thickness, which can reflect the lateral distribution characteristics of the reservoir. The drilling results of the wells are consistent with the predictions, which verifies the reliability of the method.
引文
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[13]高妍芳,李闯,陈军,李建海,杨忠.基于厚度约束的匹配追踪算法识别石灰岩顶界地层[J].天然气工业,2016,36(12):45-50.Gao Yanfang,Li Chuang,Chen Jun,Li Jianhai,Yang Zhong.Carbonate reservoir top boundary layer identification based on thickness-restricted matching pursuit algorithm[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(12):45-50.
[14]刘保国.提高大牛地气田三维地震储层预测精度的思考[J].石油物探,2008,47(1):95-102.Liu Baoguo.Considerations for improving accuracy of reservoir prediction form 3D seismic data in Daniudi gas field[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(1):95-102.
[15]秦雪霏,李巍.大牛地气田煤系地层去煤影响储层预测技术[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2011,44(3):1048-1054.Qin Xuefei,Li Wei.Research of identification and trimming of coal-bed interference in Daniudi gas field[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2011,44(3):1048-1054.
[16]Wang Y H.Multicharmel matching pursuit for seismic trace decomiosition[J].Geophysics,2010,75(4):61-66.
[17]李传辉,张繁昌.地震信号可变分辨率匹配追踪频谱成像方法[J].石油物探,2012,51(5):213-218.Li Chuanhui,Zhang Fanchang.Variable resolution matching pursuit spectrum imaging of seismic signals[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2012,51(5):213-218.
[18]刘杰,张忠涛,刘道理,王秀玲,徐徽,屈亮,等.强反射背景下沉积体边界检测及流体识别方法[J].石油物探,2016,55(1):142-149.Liu Jie,Zhang Zhongtao,Liu Daoli,Wang Xiuling,Xu Hui,Qu Liang,et al.Sediment boundary identification and fluid detection for the seismic data with strong background reflections[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(1):142-149.
[19]朱博华,向雪梅,张卫华.匹配追踪强反射层分离方法及应用[J].石油物探,2016,55(2):280-287.Zhu Bohua,Xiang Xuemei,Zhang Weihua.Strong reflection horizons separation based on matching pursuit algorithm and its application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(2):280-287.
[20]杜玉山,范腾腾,张军华,张在金,刘磊.深层煤上储层地震描述技术——以永进油田西山窑组为例[J].地球物理学进展,2016,31(4):1562-1568.Du Yushan,Fan Tengteng,Zhang Junhua,Zhang Zaijin,Liu Lei.2016.Seismic description technology of deep reservoirs above coal seams:a case study of Xishanyao Formation in Yongjin oilfield[J].Progress in Geophysics,2016,31(4):1562-1568.
[21]吴笑荷.薄层复杂岩性带储层精确描述技术——以桩海地区沙一二段为例[J].工业技术创新,2017,4(6):93-97.Wu Xiaohe.Precise description techniques for thin-layer reservoir developing in complex lithology area-a case of Es1 and Es2 in Zhuanghai area[J].Industrial Technology Innovation,2017,4(6):93-97.
[22]罗晓容,张立宽,雷裕红,胡才志,施辉,曹斌风.储层结构非均质性及其在深层油气成藏中的意义[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(1):28-36.Luo Xiaorong,Zhang Likuan,Lei Yuhong,Hu Caizhi,Shi Hui,Cao Binfeng.Structural heterogeneity of reservoirs and its implication on hydrocarbon accumulation in deep zones[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(1):28-36.
[23]胡兴豪,宋建国,帅鹏宇.针对玄武岩屏蔽作用下的地质目标地震采集技术研究——以冰岛M区块为例[J].中国石油勘探,2017,22(4):116-122.Hu Xinghao,Song Jianguo,Shuai Pengyu.Seismic acquisition technology for geological targets under the shield of basalt:a case study on M Block,Iceland[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2017,22(4):116-122.
[24]肖高杰,杨长春,范兴斌,冷岩,吴琼.谱分解技术在W区河道区别中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):568-572.Xiao Gaojie,Yang Changchun,Fan Xingbin,Leng Yan,Wu Qiong.Application of spectral decomposition method in channel identifying at W area[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(2):568-572.
[2]张营革,高秋菊,苏朝光,孙振冰.济阳坳陷第三系不整合地层油藏地震描述技术[J].油气地质与采收率,2008,15(3):46-49.Zhang Yingge,Gao Qiuju,Su Chaoguang,Sun Zhenbing.Seismic description techniques of Tertiary unconformity stratigraphic reservoirs in Jiyang depression[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2008,15(3):46-49.
[3]隋风贵,王学军,卓勤功,赵乐强.陆相断陷盆地地层油藏勘探现状与研究方向——以济阳坳陷为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2007,14(1):1-6.Sui Fenggui,Wang Xuejun,Zhuo Qingong,Zhao Leqiang.Current exploration situation and research trend of stratigraphic reservoirs in continental fault basin——taking Jiyang depression as an example[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2007,14(1):1-6.
[4]隋风贵,赵乐强,林会喜,李军亮.济阳坳陷第三系地层油藏形成机制与组合模式[J].油气地质与采收率,2005,12(6):1-5.Sui Fenggui,Zhao Leqiang,Lin Huixi,Li Junliang.The forming mechanism and its combination mode of stratigraphic reservoir in Tertiary in Jiyang depression[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2005,12(6):1-5.
[5]张营革,高秋菊,郝志伟,苏朝光.地层油藏上倾尖灭点精细描述方法[J].油气地球物理,2006,4(3):35-39.Zhang Yingge,Gao Qiuju,Hao Zhiwei,Su Chaoguang.Fine description for the updip pinchout point of stratigraphic reservoir:a case history of Jiyang depression[J].Petroleum Geophysics,2006,4(3):35-39.
[6]宁方兴.济阳坳陷地层油藏成藏机制与差异性[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(3):52-56.Ning Fangxing.Analysis on the reservoir-forming mechanism and difference of stratigraphic reservoir in Jiyang depression[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2015,22(3):52-56.
[7]曹忠祥,张宇,蔡攀,李友强,刘建磊,董月昌.济阳坳陷精细勘探新成果与启示[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(3):14-23.Cao Zhongxiang,Zhang Yu,Cai Pan,Li Youqiang,Liu Jianlei,Dong Yuechang.New achievements and recognitions of fine exploration in Jiyang depression[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(3):14-23.
[8]李素华,卢齐军,许国明,刘诗荣.川西XC地区雷口坡组顶不整合面储层预测方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(5):793-798.Li Suhua,Lu Qijun,Xu Guoming,Liu Shirong.Reservoir prediction in the top Leikoupo unconformity surface in the area XC,Sichuan[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(5):793-798.
[9]张军华,刘培金,朱博华,刘显太,杨勇,王军,等.滩坝砂储层地震解释存在的问题及对策[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(1):167-175.Zhang Junhua,Liu Peijin,Zhu Bohua,Liu Xiantai,Yang Yong,Wang Jun,et al.Problems and countermeasures in the seismic interpretation of the beach bar sandstone reservoirs[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(1):167-175.
[10]张军华,刘振,刘炳杨,朱博华,冯德永.强屏蔽层下弱反射储层特征分析及识别方法[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(1):23-26.Zhang Junhua,Liu Zhen,Liu Bingyang,Zhu Bohua,Feng Deyong.Analysis and identification of reservoir characteristics of weak reflectors under strong shielding layer[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2012,19(1):23-26.
[11]李海山,杨午阳,田军,吴国忱.匹配追踪煤层强反射层分离方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2014,49(5):866-870.Li Haishan,Yang Wuyang,Tian Jun,Wu Guochen.Coal seam strong reflection separation with matching pursuit[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2014,49(5):866-870.
[12]吴笑荷.济阳坳陷滨海地区沙河街组隐伏剥蚀圈闭识别与描述[J].中国海上油气,2017,29(6):67-74.Wu Xiaohe.The identification and description of buried denudation trap in Shahejie formation in coastal area of Jiyang depression[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(6):67-74.
[13]高妍芳,李闯,陈军,李建海,杨忠.基于厚度约束的匹配追踪算法识别石灰岩顶界地层[J].天然气工业,2016,36(12):45-50.Gao Yanfang,Li Chuang,Chen Jun,Li Jianhai,Yang Zhong.Carbonate reservoir top boundary layer identification based on thickness-restricted matching pursuit algorithm[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(12):45-50.
[14]刘保国.提高大牛地气田三维地震储层预测精度的思考[J].石油物探,2008,47(1):95-102.Liu Baoguo.Considerations for improving accuracy of reservoir prediction form 3D seismic data in Daniudi gas field[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2008,47(1):95-102.
[15]秦雪霏,李巍.大牛地气田煤系地层去煤影响储层预测技术[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2011,44(3):1048-1054.Qin Xuefei,Li Wei.Research of identification and trimming of coal-bed interference in Daniudi gas field[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2011,44(3):1048-1054.
[16]Wang Y H.Multicharmel matching pursuit for seismic trace decomiosition[J].Geophysics,2010,75(4):61-66.
[17]李传辉,张繁昌.地震信号可变分辨率匹配追踪频谱成像方法[J].石油物探,2012,51(5):213-218.Li Chuanhui,Zhang Fanchang.Variable resolution matching pursuit spectrum imaging of seismic signals[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2012,51(5):213-218.
[18]刘杰,张忠涛,刘道理,王秀玲,徐徽,屈亮,等.强反射背景下沉积体边界检测及流体识别方法[J].石油物探,2016,55(1):142-149.Liu Jie,Zhang Zhongtao,Liu Daoli,Wang Xiuling,Xu Hui,Qu Liang,et al.Sediment boundary identification and fluid detection for the seismic data with strong background reflections[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(1):142-149.
[19]朱博华,向雪梅,张卫华.匹配追踪强反射层分离方法及应用[J].石油物探,2016,55(2):280-287.Zhu Bohua,Xiang Xuemei,Zhang Weihua.Strong reflection horizons separation based on matching pursuit algorithm and its application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(2):280-287.
[20]杜玉山,范腾腾,张军华,张在金,刘磊.深层煤上储层地震描述技术——以永进油田西山窑组为例[J].地球物理学进展,2016,31(4):1562-1568.Du Yushan,Fan Tengteng,Zhang Junhua,Zhang Zaijin,Liu Lei.2016.Seismic description technology of deep reservoirs above coal seams:a case study of Xishanyao Formation in Yongjin oilfield[J].Progress in Geophysics,2016,31(4):1562-1568.
[21]吴笑荷.薄层复杂岩性带储层精确描述技术——以桩海地区沙一二段为例[J].工业技术创新,2017,4(6):93-97.Wu Xiaohe.Precise description techniques for thin-layer reservoir developing in complex lithology area-a case of Es1 and Es2 in Zhuanghai area[J].Industrial Technology Innovation,2017,4(6):93-97.
[22]罗晓容,张立宽,雷裕红,胡才志,施辉,曹斌风.储层结构非均质性及其在深层油气成藏中的意义[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(1):28-36.Luo Xiaorong,Zhang Likuan,Lei Yuhong,Hu Caizhi,Shi Hui,Cao Binfeng.Structural heterogeneity of reservoirs and its implication on hydrocarbon accumulation in deep zones[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(1):28-36.
[23]胡兴豪,宋建国,帅鹏宇.针对玄武岩屏蔽作用下的地质目标地震采集技术研究——以冰岛M区块为例[J].中国石油勘探,2017,22(4):116-122.Hu Xinghao,Song Jianguo,Shuai Pengyu.Seismic acquisition technology for geological targets under the shield of basalt:a case study on M Block,Iceland[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2017,22(4):116-122.
[24]肖高杰,杨长春,范兴斌,冷岩,吴琼.谱分解技术在W区河道区别中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):568-572.Xiao Gaojie,Yang Changchun,Fan Xingbin,Leng Yan,Wu Qiong.Application of spectral decomposition method in channel identifying at W area[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(2):568-572.
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