侧风对大跨度桥梁轿车行车安全影响的仿真分析
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摘要
为了分析侧风对大跨度桥梁轿车行车安全的影响,文章综合考虑风速风向角、路面摩擦系数和车速等因素,利用CarSim软件建立了车辆动力学仿真模型;以轿车侧向偏移作为行车风险评价指标,通过数理统计理论分析各因素对行车安全的影响规律及显著性;建立了基于反向传播(back propagation,BP)神经网络的安全车速预测模型,对于不同道路环境、风环境下的安全车速进行预测。结果表明,该模型可以较好地预测安全车速,对于后期的研究以及制定大跨度桥梁行车管控的策略有一定的指导意义。
In order to analyze the effect of crosswind on traffic safety of long-span bridges, vehicle dynamics simulation models were established using CarSim software considering factors such as wind speed, friction coefficient on road surface and vehicle speed. Then the lateral offset was taken as the risk evaluation index of driving, and the influence law of the factors on driving safety as well as the significance level was explored through the theory of mathematical statistics. Finally, the critical speed prediction models under different wind environments and road conditions were set up based on back propagation(BP) neural network. The results show that the model has good performance in predicting the critical speed, which is valuable for later researches and the design of traffic control strategies for long-span bridges.
In order to analyze the effect of crosswind on traffic safety of long-span bridges, vehicle dynamics simulation models were established using CarSim software considering factors such as wind speed, friction coefficient on road surface and vehicle speed. Then the lateral offset was taken as the risk evaluation index of driving, and the influence law of the factors on driving safety as well as the significance level was explored through the theory of mathematical statistics. Finally, the critical speed prediction models under different wind environments and road conditions were set up based on back propagation(BP) neural network. The results show that the model has good performance in predicting the critical speed, which is valuable for later researches and the design of traffic control strategies for long-span bridges.
引文
[1]陈艾荣,王达磊,庞加斌.跨海长桥风致行车安全研究[J].桥梁建设,2006(3):1-4.
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[3]陈晓冬.大跨桥梁侧风行车安全分析[D].上海:同济大学,2007.
[4]BATISTA M,PERKOVIC M.A simple static analysis of moving road vehicle under crosswind[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2014,128:105-113.
[5]江浩,余卓平.风力对跨海大桥上行驶车辆安全性的影响分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2002,30(3):326-330.
[6]李杰,张喆,张英朝.侧风对直线行驶卡车操纵稳定性的影响[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2009,39(增刊2):255-259.
[7]LEE C,HELLINGA B,SACCOMANNO F.Evaluation of variable speed limits to improve traffic safety[J].Transportation Research Part C:Emerging Technologies,2006,14(3):213-228.
[8]柳本民,张丽君.不良天气环境下高速公路运营安全与管理[J].上海公路,2006(1):55-58.
[9]余凯.不利条件下高速公路动态限速方法研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2010.
[10]段雅楠,艾瑜霏,包云轩,等.沪宁高速公路沿线风向风速时空分布特征分析[C]//第30届中国气象学会年会.南京:中国气象学会,2013:1-16.
[11]MARCU B,BROWAND F.Aerodynamic forces experienced by a 3-vehicle platoon in crosswind:SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-13[R].[S.l.]:SAE,1999.
[12]SCHROECK D,KRANTZ W,WIDDECKE N,et al.Unsteady aerodynamic properties of a vehicle model and their effect on driver and vehicle under sidewind conditions:SAETechnical Paper 2011-01-0154[R].[S.l.]:SAE,2011.
[14]MARUYAMA Y,YAMAZAKI F.Driving simulator experiment on the moving stability of an automobile under strong crosswind[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2006,94(4):191-205.
[15]张喆.侧风作用下重型载货汽车气动特性与稳定性的联合研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2012.
[16]张琨.侧风对公路行车安全影响的仿真分析与对策研究[D].西安:长安大学,2015.
[17]陆国浩,朱艳琴.人工神经网络应用于时间序列预测的探讨[J].沙洲职业工学院学报,2006,9(3):1-5.
[18]郭峰,王斌,刘敏.基于BP神经网络的时间序列预测研究[J].价值工程,2010,29(35):128-129.
[2]SMITH B W,BAKER C.Design of wind screen to bridges,experience and applications on major bridges[C]//Proceedings of the International Symposium on Advances in Bridge Aerodynamics.[S.l.]:ASCE,1998:289-298.
[3]陈晓冬.大跨桥梁侧风行车安全分析[D].上海:同济大学,2007.
[4]BATISTA M,PERKOVIC M.A simple static analysis of moving road vehicle under crosswind[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2014,128:105-113.
[5]江浩,余卓平.风力对跨海大桥上行驶车辆安全性的影响分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2002,30(3):326-330.
[6]李杰,张喆,张英朝.侧风对直线行驶卡车操纵稳定性的影响[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2009,39(增刊2):255-259.
[7]LEE C,HELLINGA B,SACCOMANNO F.Evaluation of variable speed limits to improve traffic safety[J].Transportation Research Part C:Emerging Technologies,2006,14(3):213-228.
[8]柳本民,张丽君.不良天气环境下高速公路运营安全与管理[J].上海公路,2006(1):55-58.
[9]余凯.不利条件下高速公路动态限速方法研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2010.
[10]段雅楠,艾瑜霏,包云轩,等.沪宁高速公路沿线风向风速时空分布特征分析[C]//第30届中国气象学会年会.南京:中国气象学会,2013:1-16.
[11]MARCU B,BROWAND F.Aerodynamic forces experienced by a 3-vehicle platoon in crosswind:SAE Technical Paper 1999-01-13[R].[S.l.]:SAE,1999.
[12]SCHROECK D,KRANTZ W,WIDDECKE N,et al.Unsteady aerodynamic properties of a vehicle model and their effect on driver and vehicle under sidewind conditions:SAETechnical Paper 2011-01-0154[R].[S.l.]:SAE,2011.
[14]MARUYAMA Y,YAMAZAKI F.Driving simulator experiment on the moving stability of an automobile under strong crosswind[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2006,94(4):191-205.
[15]张喆.侧风作用下重型载货汽车气动特性与稳定性的联合研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2012.
[16]张琨.侧风对公路行车安全影响的仿真分析与对策研究[D].西安:长安大学,2015.
[17]陆国浩,朱艳琴.人工神经网络应用于时间序列预测的探讨[J].沙洲职业工学院学报,2006,9(3):1-5.
[18]郭峰,王斌,刘敏.基于BP神经网络的时间序列预测研究[J].价值工程,2010,29(35):128-129.