全工作区域的光伏MPPT系统采样周期优化方法
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摘要
光伏最大功率点追踪(MPPT)系统的采样周期对系统的追踪速度和稳定性有重要影响。采样周期选择不当可能导致系统震荡、MPPT算法误判或追踪时间过长。优化采样周期至关重要,提出了一种采样周期的优化方法,研究光伏组件内阻的变化规律,建立基于Boost变换器的MPPT系统小信号模型;对系统进行动态性能分析,提出了系统在各工作点下的稳定时间计算方法,进而提出采样周期的优化方法;分析了Boost变换器硬件参数与稳定时间的关系。仿真表明,所提出的计算方法能准确计算系统在各工作点的稳定时间,优化方法能提高系统的稳定性和追踪速度。
The sampling period of PV maximum power point tracking(MPPT) system have a significant impact onsystem tracking speed and stability. Inappropriate sampling period may cause system oscillation, misjudgment orslow tracking speed. Optimization of sampling period was beneficial to improve stability and search speed, then anoptimization method for sampling period was proposed. The small-signal model of system based on Boost converterwas established to study the internal resistance change rule. System dynamic performance was analyzed. Accordingto the model, calculating method was proposed for system settling time at different operating points. Then samplingperiod optimization method was proposed. The relationship between Boost converter hardware parameters andstabilization time was analyzed. The simulation shows that the proposed calculating method can calculate settlingtime in an accurate way, and optimization method can improve the stability and tracking speed of the system.
The sampling period of PV maximum power point tracking(MPPT) system have a significant impact onsystem tracking speed and stability. Inappropriate sampling period may cause system oscillation, misjudgment orslow tracking speed. Optimization of sampling period was beneficial to improve stability and search speed, then anoptimization method for sampling period was proposed. The small-signal model of system based on Boost converterwas established to study the internal resistance change rule. System dynamic performance was analyzed. Accordingto the model, calculating method was proposed for system settling time at different operating points. Then samplingperiod optimization method was proposed. The relationship between Boost converter hardware parameters andstabilization time was analyzed. The simulation shows that the proposed calculating method can calculate settlingtime in an accurate way, and optimization method can improve the stability and tracking speed of the system.
引文
[1] ISHAQUE K, SALAM Z. A deterministic PSO maximum powerpoint tracker for photovoltaic system under partial shading condition[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2013,6(8):3195-3206.
[2] SUNDARESWARAN K, SANKAR P, NAYAK P S R, et al. En-hanced energy output from a PV system under partial shaded condi-tions through artificial bee colony[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustain-able Energy, 2015, 6(1):198-209.
[3]石季英,薛飞,秦子健,等.一种三步光伏最大功率点跟踪方法[J].天津大学学报:自然科学与工程技术版,2016,49(5):487-490.
[4] SAFARI A, MEKHILEF S.Simulation and hardware implementationof incremental conductance MPPT with direct control method usingCuk converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2011,58(4):1154-1161.
[5] HSIEH G C, HSIEH H I, TSAI C Y, et al. Photovoltaic power-incre-ment-aided incremental-conductance MPPT with two-phased track-ing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2013, 28(6):2895-2911.
[6] JONES D C,ERICKSON R W.Probabilistic analysis of a generalizedperturb and observe algorithm featuring robust operation in the pre-sence of power curve traps[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Elec-tronics, 2012, 28(6):2912-2926.
[7] AHMED J, SALAM Z. An improved perturb and observe(P&O)maximum power point tracking(MPPT)algorithm for higher effi-ciency[J]. Applied Energy, 2015, 150:97-108.
[8] LIU Y H, HUANG S C, HUANG J W, et al. A particle swarm opti-mization-based maximum power point tracking algorithm for PVsystems operating under partially shaded conditions[J]. IEEE Trans-actions on Energy Conversion, 2012, 27(4):1027-1035.
[9] SHI J Y, QIN Z J, LING L T, et al. Tracking the global maximumpower point of a photovoltaic system under partial shading condi-tions using a modified firefly algorithm[J]. Journal of Renewableand Sustainable Energy, 2016, 8:33501.
[10] FERNIA N, PETRONE G, SPAGNUOLO G, et al. Optimization ofperturb and observe maximum power point tracking method[J].IEEE Trans Power Electron, 2005, 20(4):963-973.
[11] MANGANIELLO P, RICCO M, PETRONE G, et al. Optimizationof perturbative PV MPPT methods through online system identifi-cation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2014, 61(12):6812-6818.
[12] ALONSO M C, RUIZ J M, CHENLO F. Experimental study ofmismatch and shading effects in the I-V characteristic of PV mo-dule[J]. Solar Energy Materials&Solar Cells,2006,90(3):329-340.
[13] MANGANIELLO P, RICCO M, MONMASSON E, et al. On-lineoptimization of the P&O MPPT method by means of the systemidentification[C]//39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society(IECON). Vienna, Austria:IEEE, 2013:1786-1791.
[14]彭志辉,和军平,马光,等.光伏发电系统MPPT输出功率采样周期的优化设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32:24-29.
[2] SUNDARESWARAN K, SANKAR P, NAYAK P S R, et al. En-hanced energy output from a PV system under partial shaded condi-tions through artificial bee colony[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustain-able Energy, 2015, 6(1):198-209.
[3]石季英,薛飞,秦子健,等.一种三步光伏最大功率点跟踪方法[J].天津大学学报:自然科学与工程技术版,2016,49(5):487-490.
[4] SAFARI A, MEKHILEF S.Simulation and hardware implementationof incremental conductance MPPT with direct control method usingCuk converter[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2011,58(4):1154-1161.
[5] HSIEH G C, HSIEH H I, TSAI C Y, et al. Photovoltaic power-incre-ment-aided incremental-conductance MPPT with two-phased track-ing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2013, 28(6):2895-2911.
[6] JONES D C,ERICKSON R W.Probabilistic analysis of a generalizedperturb and observe algorithm featuring robust operation in the pre-sence of power curve traps[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Elec-tronics, 2012, 28(6):2912-2926.
[7] AHMED J, SALAM Z. An improved perturb and observe(P&O)maximum power point tracking(MPPT)algorithm for higher effi-ciency[J]. Applied Energy, 2015, 150:97-108.
[8] LIU Y H, HUANG S C, HUANG J W, et al. A particle swarm opti-mization-based maximum power point tracking algorithm for PVsystems operating under partially shaded conditions[J]. IEEE Trans-actions on Energy Conversion, 2012, 27(4):1027-1035.
[9] SHI J Y, QIN Z J, LING L T, et al. Tracking the global maximumpower point of a photovoltaic system under partial shading condi-tions using a modified firefly algorithm[J]. Journal of Renewableand Sustainable Energy, 2016, 8:33501.
[10] FERNIA N, PETRONE G, SPAGNUOLO G, et al. Optimization ofperturb and observe maximum power point tracking method[J].IEEE Trans Power Electron, 2005, 20(4):963-973.
[11] MANGANIELLO P, RICCO M, PETRONE G, et al. Optimizationof perturbative PV MPPT methods through online system identifi-cation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2014, 61(12):6812-6818.
[12] ALONSO M C, RUIZ J M, CHENLO F. Experimental study ofmismatch and shading effects in the I-V characteristic of PV mo-dule[J]. Solar Energy Materials&Solar Cells,2006,90(3):329-340.
[13] MANGANIELLO P, RICCO M, MONMASSON E, et al. On-lineoptimization of the P&O MPPT method by means of the systemidentification[C]//39th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial-Electronics-Society(IECON). Vienna, Austria:IEEE, 2013:1786-1791.
[14]彭志辉,和军平,马光,等.光伏发电系统MPPT输出功率采样周期的优化设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32:24-29.