温度对玉米秸秆腐解期间腐殖质消长动态的影响
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摘要
【目的】研究不同培养温度下玉米秸秆分解期间土壤有机碳(SOC)、水溶性物质(WSS)、可提取腐殖物质(HE)、胡敏酸(HA)和富里酸(FA)含量的动态变化。【方法】采用室内培养试验,以不添加玉米秸秆为对照,将添加玉米秸秆的土壤于10,25,40,55℃培养360d,研究温度对玉米秸秆腐解期间(0~360d)土壤有机碳(SOC)、水溶性物质(WSS)、可提取腐殖物质(HE)、胡敏酸(HA)和富里酸(FA)含量及可提取腐殖物质中HA相对比例(PQ)的影响。【结果】在同一培养温度和时间下,随着培养时间延长,玉米秸秆处理土壤SOC和WSS的含量总体降低,HE和FA含量总体则表现为先增加后下降的趋势;添加玉米秸秆土壤PQ值先呈逐渐下降的趋势,到105d时降至最低,之后随着时间延长,PQ总体增加。从不同温度条件看,40℃下培养105~210d时,PQ值均较低。【结论】培养温度越高越利于土壤中SOC、HE和HA的分解与转化,40℃培养条件下玉米秸秆腐解生成的FA最多。
【Objective】This study investigated dynamic changes of soil organic carbon(SOC),watersoluble substance(WSS),extractable humus(HE),humic acid(HA),and fulvic acid(FA)contents during corn stalk decomposition at different temperatures.【Method】Indoor culturing experiment was conducted with no corn stalk addition as control.The soil with corn stalk were incubated for 360 days at 10,25,40,and 55 ℃,respectively.Then the effects of temperature on contents of soil organic carbon(SOC),water-soluble substance(WSS),alkali extraction of humic substances(HE),humic acid(HA)and fulvic acid(FA)and the relative ratio of HA(PQ)in humic substance extraction during corn stalk decomposition period(0-360d)were analyzed.【Result】Under same temperature,SOC and WSS contents reduced as the increase of incubation time while HE and FA decreased gradually following initial increase.Soil PQ value with the existance of corn stalk decreased gradually to the minimum at 105 d,and then it increased gradual-ly.The lowest PQ value was obtained when cubatrated at 40℃for 105-210 d.【Conclusion】Higher incubation temperature was more conductive to decomposition and transformation of SOC,HE and HA.The temperature of 40 ℃ generated the largest FA content during corn stalk decomposition.
【Objective】This study investigated dynamic changes of soil organic carbon(SOC),watersoluble substance(WSS),extractable humus(HE),humic acid(HA),and fulvic acid(FA)contents during corn stalk decomposition at different temperatures.【Method】Indoor culturing experiment was conducted with no corn stalk addition as control.The soil with corn stalk were incubated for 360 days at 10,25,40,and 55 ℃,respectively.Then the effects of temperature on contents of soil organic carbon(SOC),water-soluble substance(WSS),alkali extraction of humic substances(HE),humic acid(HA)and fulvic acid(FA)and the relative ratio of HA(PQ)in humic substance extraction during corn stalk decomposition period(0-360d)were analyzed.【Result】Under same temperature,SOC and WSS contents reduced as the increase of incubation time while HE and FA decreased gradually following initial increase.Soil PQ value with the existance of corn stalk decreased gradually to the minimum at 105 d,and then it increased gradual-ly.The lowest PQ value was obtained when cubatrated at 40℃for 105-210 d.【Conclusion】Higher incubation temperature was more conductive to decomposition and transformation of SOC,HE and HA.The temperature of 40 ℃ generated the largest FA content during corn stalk decomposition.
引文
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[9]赵高侠,张一平,白锦鳞.不同施肥条件与年限对土壤胡敏酸能态及热解特性的影响[J].土壤学报,1995,32(3):284-290.Zhao G X,Zhang Y P,Bai J L.Effects of different fertilization and age limit on humic acid energy state and pyrolysis characteristic[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,1995,32(3):284-290.(in Chinese)
[10]冯孝善,闵航.关于土壤微生物的矿质化作用与同化作用的问题[J].土壤通报,1982(1):44-48.Feng X S,Min H.Questions for the soil microorganism’s mineralization act on assimilation[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,1982(1):44-48.(in Chinese)
[11]Chih-Hsin C,Johannes L.Aging of black carbon along a temperature gradient[J].Chemosphere,2009,75(8):1021-1027.
[12]王丽莉.温度和水分对腐殖质形成与转化的影响[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2003.Wang L L.Effect of temperature and water conditions on formation and transformation of humus[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2003.(in Chinese)
[13]王帅,窦森,王晓平,等.真菌及混合菌对玉米秸秆类腐殖质形成和转化的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(4):773-779.Wang S,Dou S,Wang X P,et al.Effect of fungi and mixed strains on the formation and transformation of humic-like substances of the corn stalks[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2012,31(4):773-779.(in Chinese)
[14]任红研.嗜热微生物[J].生物学通报,1995,30(3):18.Ren H Y.Thermophilic microorganism[J].Bulletin of Biology,1995,30(3):18.(in Chinese)
[15]曹井国,赵树欣,程丽娟,等.高温菌及其在有机废液处理中的应用[J].工业水处理,2006,26(1):9-12.Cao J G,Zhao S X,Cheng L J,et al.Thermophilic bacteria and its utilization for processing organic liquids[J].Industrial Water Treatment,2006,26(1):9-12.(in Chinese)
[16]李凯.土壤胡敏素组成及其对不同氧气和二氧化碳浓度的响应[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2006.Li K.Composition of soil humin and its responding to different concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2006.(in Chinese)
[17]窦森,张晋京,Lichtfouse E,等.用δ13 C方法研究玉米秸秆分解期间土壤有机质数量动态变化[J].土壤学报,2003,40(3):328-334.Dou S,Zhang J J,Lichtfouse E,et al.Study on dynamic change of soil organic matter during corn stalk decomposition byδ13C method[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2003,40(3):328-334.(in Chinese)
[18]李翠兰,张晋京,窦森,等.玉米秸秆分解期间土壤腐殖质数量动态变化的研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,2009,31(6):729-732.Li C L,Zhang J J,Dou S,et al.Dynamic change in amounts of soil humic and fulvic acid during corn stalk decomposition[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,2009,31(6):729-732.(in Chinese)
[19]窦森.土壤有机质[M]//李学垣.土壤化学.北京:高等教育出版社,2001:1-56.Dou S.Soil organic matter[M]//Li X Y.Soil chemistry.Beijing:High Education Press,2001:1-56.(in Chinese)
[20]赵月.温度和含水量对不同作物秸秆降解速率及相关指标影响的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2012.Zhao Y.Study on temperature and moisture content effect on decomposition of crop straws and relevant index in soil[D].Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2012.(in Chinese)
[2]吴蝶,黄莺,杨倩,等.不同来源腐殖质各组分的结构特征[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(7):304-306.Wu D,Huang Y,Yang Q,et al.Structure characteristics of the different sources of humus components[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Science,2014,42(7):304-306.(in Chinese)
[3]Chow A T,Tanji K K,Gao S,et al.Temperature,water content and wet-dry cycle effects on DOC production and carbon mineralization in agricultural peat soils[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,2006,38:477-488.
[4]江春玉,李忠佩,崔萌,等.水分状况对红壤水稻土中有机物原料碳分解和分布的影响[J].土壤学报,2014,51(2):325-334.Jiang C Y,Li Z P,Cui M,et al.Effects of soil moisture regime on decomposition of organic material and distribution of organic material-derived carbon in paddy red soil in subtropical China[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2014,51(2):325-334.(in Chinese)
[5]孙承运.不同温湿度条件下土壤有机质和秸秆分解规律与模拟[D].北京:中国农业大学,2004.Sun C Y.Soil organic matter and wheat straw decomposition and simulation under different temperature and moisture condition[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2004.(in Chinese)
[6]于水强.CO2和O2浓度对土壤腐殖质形成与转化的影响[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2003.Yu S Q.Effect of CO2and O2 partial pressures on formation and transformation of soil humus[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2003.(in Chinese)
[7]窦森,于水强,张晋京.不同CO2浓度对玉米秸秆分解期间土壤腐殖质形成的影响[J].土壤学报,2007,44(3):458-466.Dou S,Yu S Q,Zhang J J.Effects of carbon dioxide concentration on humus formation in corn stalk decomposition[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2007,44(3):458-466.(in Chinese)
[8]薛惠仙.秸秆还地的微生物效应[J].江西农业学报,1990,2(1):47-52.Xue H X.Effect of the turning-over of crop straw into red-soil upland in microorganisms[J].Acta Agriculture Jiangxi,1990,2(1):47-52.(in Chinese)
[9]赵高侠,张一平,白锦鳞.不同施肥条件与年限对土壤胡敏酸能态及热解特性的影响[J].土壤学报,1995,32(3):284-290.Zhao G X,Zhang Y P,Bai J L.Effects of different fertilization and age limit on humic acid energy state and pyrolysis characteristic[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,1995,32(3):284-290.(in Chinese)
[10]冯孝善,闵航.关于土壤微生物的矿质化作用与同化作用的问题[J].土壤通报,1982(1):44-48.Feng X S,Min H.Questions for the soil microorganism’s mineralization act on assimilation[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,1982(1):44-48.(in Chinese)
[11]Chih-Hsin C,Johannes L.Aging of black carbon along a temperature gradient[J].Chemosphere,2009,75(8):1021-1027.
[12]王丽莉.温度和水分对腐殖质形成与转化的影响[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2003.Wang L L.Effect of temperature and water conditions on formation and transformation of humus[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2003.(in Chinese)
[13]王帅,窦森,王晓平,等.真菌及混合菌对玉米秸秆类腐殖质形成和转化的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(4):773-779.Wang S,Dou S,Wang X P,et al.Effect of fungi and mixed strains on the formation and transformation of humic-like substances of the corn stalks[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2012,31(4):773-779.(in Chinese)
[14]任红研.嗜热微生物[J].生物学通报,1995,30(3):18.Ren H Y.Thermophilic microorganism[J].Bulletin of Biology,1995,30(3):18.(in Chinese)
[15]曹井国,赵树欣,程丽娟,等.高温菌及其在有机废液处理中的应用[J].工业水处理,2006,26(1):9-12.Cao J G,Zhao S X,Cheng L J,et al.Thermophilic bacteria and its utilization for processing organic liquids[J].Industrial Water Treatment,2006,26(1):9-12.(in Chinese)
[16]李凯.土壤胡敏素组成及其对不同氧气和二氧化碳浓度的响应[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2006.Li K.Composition of soil humin and its responding to different concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2006.(in Chinese)
[17]窦森,张晋京,Lichtfouse E,等.用δ13 C方法研究玉米秸秆分解期间土壤有机质数量动态变化[J].土壤学报,2003,40(3):328-334.Dou S,Zhang J J,Lichtfouse E,et al.Study on dynamic change of soil organic matter during corn stalk decomposition byδ13C method[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2003,40(3):328-334.(in Chinese)
[18]李翠兰,张晋京,窦森,等.玉米秸秆分解期间土壤腐殖质数量动态变化的研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,2009,31(6):729-732.Li C L,Zhang J J,Dou S,et al.Dynamic change in amounts of soil humic and fulvic acid during corn stalk decomposition[J].Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,2009,31(6):729-732.(in Chinese)
[19]窦森.土壤有机质[M]//李学垣.土壤化学.北京:高等教育出版社,2001:1-56.Dou S.Soil organic matter[M]//Li X Y.Soil chemistry.Beijing:High Education Press,2001:1-56.(in Chinese)
[20]赵月.温度和含水量对不同作物秸秆降解速率及相关指标影响的研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2012.Zhao Y.Study on temperature and moisture content effect on decomposition of crop straws and relevant index in soil[D].Changsha:Hunan Agricultural University,2012.(in Chinese)
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