铁路高影响天气分析及应对策略研究
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摘要
随着我国铁路的快速发展,路网规模不断扩大,高影响天气带来的铁路安全问题日益突出。介绍铁路沿线高影响天气产生的地理环境,分析高影响天气对铁路的危害,识别高影响天气对铁路工务工程、动车组、通信信号、牵引供电、客运、机务等系统带来的潜在安全风险。为最大限度预防和减少高影响天气对铁路系统的不利影响,从防灾标准、灾害监测、风险评估、设备养护等方面提出切实可行的应对策略,以确保铁路运输安全。
With the fast growth of China's railway industry and the constant expanding of the railway network,extreme weather conditions are increasingly play an influential role to railway safety. In this context, the paper reviews the geological environment that generates extreme weather conditions near railway lines and analyzes the influence of such weather to railway safety from the perspectives of track engineering, EMUs, signaling and communication, traction and power supply, passenger transport and locomotives. The paper then proposes valid coping strategies based on the standards on disaster prevention, disaster monitoring and measuring scheme, risk analysis and equipment maintenance in an effort to ensure railway safety and to minimize or rather eliminate the negative impact caused by extreme weather.
With the fast growth of China's railway industry and the constant expanding of the railway network,extreme weather conditions are increasingly play an influential role to railway safety. In this context, the paper reviews the geological environment that generates extreme weather conditions near railway lines and analyzes the influence of such weather to railway safety from the perspectives of track engineering, EMUs, signaling and communication, traction and power supply, passenger transport and locomotives. The paper then proposes valid coping strategies based on the standards on disaster prevention, disaster monitoring and measuring scheme, risk analysis and equipment maintenance in an effort to ensure railway safety and to minimize or rather eliminate the negative impact caused by extreme weather.
引文
[1]国家发展和改革委员会,交通运输部,中国铁路总公司.中长期铁路网规划[R].北京,2016.
[2]国务院.国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要(2006-2020年)[R].北京,2006.
[3]中国气象局.高速铁路运行高影响天气条件等级:QX/T 334-2016[S].
[4]张琪,李跃清.近48年西南地区降水量和雨日的气候变化特征[J].高原气象,2014,33(2):372-383.
[5]民政部紧急救援促进中心.应急救援知识小百科:地质灾害[M].北京:科学普及出版社,2008.
[6]唐士晟,史永革,张小勇.新疆铁路百里风区大风特征统计分析[J].铁道技术监督,2011(1):36-40.
[7]高卫东,刘明哲,魏文寿,等.铁路沿线风吹雪灾害及其防治研究[J].中国铁道科学,2004(10):97-101.
[8]马淑红,马韫娟.瞬时风速对高速列车安全运行的影响及其控制[J].铁道工程学报,2009(1):11-16.
[9]徐雨晴,何吉成.1951-1998年强降雨诱发的中国铁路洪水灾害分析[J].气候变化研究进展,2012(1):22-27.
[10]中国铁道科学研究院.高速铁路自然灾害条件下列车运行规则的研究[R].北京,2012.
[11]中国铁道科学研究院.铁路侧风安全性深化研究[R].北京,2011.
[12]包云,王瑞.JR东日本铁路公司风雨灾害监测经验和启示[J].中国铁路,2016(11):81-85.
[2]国务院.国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要(2006-2020年)[R].北京,2006.
[3]中国气象局.高速铁路运行高影响天气条件等级:QX/T 334-2016[S].
[4]张琪,李跃清.近48年西南地区降水量和雨日的气候变化特征[J].高原气象,2014,33(2):372-383.
[5]民政部紧急救援促进中心.应急救援知识小百科:地质灾害[M].北京:科学普及出版社,2008.
[6]唐士晟,史永革,张小勇.新疆铁路百里风区大风特征统计分析[J].铁道技术监督,2011(1):36-40.
[7]高卫东,刘明哲,魏文寿,等.铁路沿线风吹雪灾害及其防治研究[J].中国铁道科学,2004(10):97-101.
[8]马淑红,马韫娟.瞬时风速对高速列车安全运行的影响及其控制[J].铁道工程学报,2009(1):11-16.
[9]徐雨晴,何吉成.1951-1998年强降雨诱发的中国铁路洪水灾害分析[J].气候变化研究进展,2012(1):22-27.
[10]中国铁道科学研究院.高速铁路自然灾害条件下列车运行规则的研究[R].北京,2012.
[11]中国铁道科学研究院.铁路侧风安全性深化研究[R].北京,2011.
[12]包云,王瑞.JR东日本铁路公司风雨灾害监测经验和启示[J].中国铁路,2016(11):81-85.