鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田南区产水气井合理产量研究
|
摘要
合理产量是气田开发的重要参数,也是产水气井配产的重要依据。裂缝发育的岩溶型有水气藏是已开发气藏中最复杂的类型之一,在气藏开发过程中,随着地层压力降低,边、底水快速侵入,准确计算气井合理产量尤为困难。针对这一问题,基于渗流力学基本理论,结合Fevang气水两相拟压力表达式,推导产气、产水方程;并结合气水两相相对渗透率经验公式、水驱气藏物质平衡方程,建立产水气井地层压力预测模型,通过拟合产气量和产水量数据,求取气井地层压力。进而基于产水气井一点法产能预测、气液两相管流压降及气井临界携液理论,应用节点系统分析,建立产水气井合理产量计算新方法。现场应用结果表明:(1)产水气井地层压力预测模型计算的地层压力与实测地层压力一致;(2)产水气井合理产量计算新方法指导气井生产,可有效控制气井水侵速度,减少井筒积液,保持气井平稳生产。
Rational production is an important parameter of gasfield development,and also the significant basis for production proration of water producing gas wells.Karst-type edge-or bottom-water gas reservoir with fractures is one of the most complex types of gas reservoirs that have been developed.During the development of gas reservoirs,edge or bottom water invades quickly as the reservoir pressure declines,so it is quite difficult to calculate the rational production of gas well accurately.To solve this problem,gas production and water production equations were derived according to the basic theory of percolation mechanics,together with the Fevang expression of gas-water two-phase pseudopressure.Then,based on the empirical formula of gas-water two-phase relative permeability and the material balance equation of water drive gas reservoir,the formation pressure prediction model for water producing gas wells was established.In this model,the formation pressure of gas wells is calculated by fitting the data of gas and water productions.Finally,based on the productivity forecast of water producing gas wells with single-point method,the gas-liquid two-phase pipe flow pressure drop and the critical liquid carrying theory of gas well,a new method for calculating the rational production of water producing gas wells was established through nodal system analysis.Field applications show that the formation pressure calculated by the prediction model is consistent with the measured value.Moreover,the new method for calculating the rational production of water producing gas wells can guide gas well production,control the water influx rate effectively,reduce the wellbore liquid loading and keep the steady production of gas wells.
Rational production is an important parameter of gasfield development,and also the significant basis for production proration of water producing gas wells.Karst-type edge-or bottom-water gas reservoir with fractures is one of the most complex types of gas reservoirs that have been developed.During the development of gas reservoirs,edge or bottom water invades quickly as the reservoir pressure declines,so it is quite difficult to calculate the rational production of gas well accurately.To solve this problem,gas production and water production equations were derived according to the basic theory of percolation mechanics,together with the Fevang expression of gas-water two-phase pseudopressure.Then,based on the empirical formula of gas-water two-phase relative permeability and the material balance equation of water drive gas reservoir,the formation pressure prediction model for water producing gas wells was established.In this model,the formation pressure of gas wells is calculated by fitting the data of gas and water productions.Finally,based on the productivity forecast of water producing gas wells with single-point method,the gas-liquid two-phase pipe flow pressure drop and the critical liquid carrying theory of gas well,a new method for calculating the rational production of water producing gas wells was established through nodal system analysis.Field applications show that the formation pressure calculated by the prediction model is consistent with the measured value.Moreover,the new method for calculating the rational production of water producing gas wells can guide gas well production,control the water influx rate effectively,reduce the wellbore liquid loading and keep the steady production of gas wells.
引文
[1]张敏,王正允,王丽云,张紫光,胥博文.靖边潜台南部地区马家沟组储集岩的成岩作用及成岩相[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(1):27-33.Zhang Min,Wang Zhengyun,Wang Liyun,Zhang Ziguang&Xu Bowen.Diagenesis and diagenetic facies of reservoir rocks of Majiagou Formation in southern Jingbian tableland,Ordos Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2009,21(1):27-33.
[2]司马立强,黄丹,韩世峰,冯春珍,焦雨佳,宁治军.鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田南部古风化壳岩溶储层有效性评价[J].天然气工业,2015,35(4):7-15.Sima Liqiang,Huang Dan,Han Shifeng,Feng Chunzhen,Jiao Yujia&Ning Zhijun.Effectiveness evaluation of palaeo-weathering crust-type karst reservoirs in the southern Jingbian Gasfield,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(4):7-15.
[3]张岳华,雷卞军,杨勇.苏里格南区马五5亚段储层特征[J].天然气技术与经济,2015,9(2):9-12.Zhang Yuehua,Lei Bianjun&Yang Yong.Reservoir characteristics of Mawu5 sub-member,southern Sulige Area[J].Natural Gas Technology and Economy,2015,9(2):9-12.
[4]赵阳,赵冠军,石志良.气井配产理论研究进展与展望[J].天然气勘探与开发,2013,36(2):44-47.Zhao Yang,Zhao Guanjun&Shi Zhiliang.Research progress and prospect of production allocation theory for gas wells[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2013,36(2):44-47.
[5]张建民,张国明,王怒涛,罗成栋.水驱气藏单井动态优化配产方法研究[J].海洋石油,2006,26(1):63-66.Zhang Jianmin,Zhang Guoming,Wang Nutao&Luo Chengdong.Study on single well performance optimization allocation method in water-flooding gas reservoir[J].Offshore Oil,2006,26(1):63-66.
[6]李勇军,付小波,任攀虹,杨静静,杨宗宇,李春爱.水驱气藏合理生产压差及优化配产[J].辽宁化工,2013,42(12):1449-1 452.Li Yongjun,Fu Xiaobo,Ren Panhong,Yang Jingjing,Yang Zongyu&Li Chun'ai.Reasonable production pressure difference and optimization allocation of water drive gas reservoirs[J].Liaoning Chemical Industry,2013,42(12):1 449-1452.
[7]李颖川,李克智,王志彬,王海军,丁建东,胡伟俐.大牛地低渗透气藏产水气井动态优化配产方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(2):71-74.Li Yingchuan,Li Kezhi,Wang Zhibin,Wang Haijun,Ding Jiandong&Hu Weili.Study on dynamic production optimization for water produced gas wells in Daniudi low permeability gas reservoirs[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2013,35(2):71-74.
[8]袁淋,李晓平,王常青.水侵对低渗水驱气藏水平井产量的影响[J].岩性油气藏,2015,27(4):113-118.Yuan Lin,Li Xiaoping&Wang Changqing.Effect of water invasion on production of horizontal well in low permeability water drive gas reservoir[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2015,27(4):113-118.
[9]王富平,黄全华.产水气井一点法产能预测公式[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(1):85-86.Wang Fuping&Huang Quanhua.A single point deliverability forecasting formula for water-producing gas well[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(1):85-86.
[10]陆家亮,涂梅桂,刘晓华,肖前华.产水气井稳定点二项式产能方程及其应用[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(6):66-69.Lu Jialiang,Tu Meigui,Liu Xiaohua&Xiao Qianhua.Stable point binomial productivity equation of water-being gas well and application[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(6):66-69.
[11]李旭成,李晓平,刘蕾,袁淋.致密气藏压裂水平井气水两相产能求解新方法[J].天然气勘探与开发,2016,39(1):47-51.Li Xucheng,Li Xiaoping,Liu Lei&Yuan Lin.A new solution for gas-water two-phase productivity of fractured horizontal wells in tight gas reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2016,39(1):47-51.
[12]李跃刚.利用一点法测试建立气井的产能方程——陈元千提出方法的改进[J].石油勘探与开发,1992,19(5):91-93.Li Yuegang.Utilization a single point test to establish the gas well productivity equation—An improvement of Chen Yuanqian's method[J].Petroleum Exploration&Development,1992,19(5):91-93.
[13]王富平,黄全华,杨海波,赵长征,陈林.利用生产数据计算气井地层压力方法优选[J].断块油气田,2009,16(1):66-68.Wang Fuping,Huang Quanhua,Yang Haibo,Zhao Changzheng&Chen Lin.Method optimizing of using production data to calculate formational pressure of gas well[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2009,16(1):66-68.
[14]刘蜀知,孙艾茵,黄炳光,徐春碧.水侵气藏水侵量与地层压力预测方法研究[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(2):79-81.Liu Shuzhi,Sun Aiyin,Huang Bingguang&Xu Chunbi.The prediction method of water influx and formation pressure for a water drive gas reservoir[J].Petroleum Exploration&Development,1999,26(2):79-81.
[15]Fevang?&Whitson CH.Modeling gas-condensate well deliverability[J].SPE Reservoir Engineering,1996,11(4):221-230.
[16]黄炳光,刘蜀知.实用油藏工程与动态分析方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:22-30.Huang Bingguang&Liu Shuzhi.Applied petroleum reservoir engineering and dynamic analysis method[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1998:22-30.
[17]王怒涛,黄炳光,张崇军,付永强.水驱气藏动态储量及水侵量计算新方法[J].西南石油学院学报,2000,22(4):26-27.Wang Nutao,Huang Bingguang,Zhang Chongjun&Fu Yongqiang.A novel method of calculating water-flooded gas in place and water influx of water drive gas reservoirs[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,2000,22(4):26-27.
[18]张晓东.试井曲线计算机自动拟合算法及应用[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(4):135-137.Zhang Xiaodong.The application and algorithm of automatic type-curve matching in well testing[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2008,30(4):135-137.
[19]谭晓华,李晓平,刘从领,余燕,宋昭杰,袁淋.确定气水同产水平井流入动态关系的新方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(3):59-64.Tan Xiaohua,Li Xiaoping,Liu Congling,Yu Yan,Song Zhaojie&Yuan Lin.A new method for ascertaining the influx dynamic relation in water-gas producing horizontal wells[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,36(3):59-64.
[20]廖开贵,李颖川,杨志,钟海全.产水气藏气液两相管流动态规律研究[J].石油学报,2009,30(4):607-612.Liao Kaigui,Li Yingchuan,Yang Zhi&Zhang Haiquan.Study on pressure drop models of gas-liquid two-phase pipe flow in gas reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(4):607-612.
[21]熊健,郭平.气井临界流量预测模型的优选及应用[J].吐哈油气,2012,17(3):270-273.Xiong Jian&Guo Ping.Optimization and application of critical liquid-carrying flow rate predication modeling in gas well[J].Tuha Oil and Gas,2012,17(3):270-273.
[22]Fetkovich MJ.A simplified approach to water influx calculations-finite aquifer systems[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1971,23(7):814-828.
[2]司马立强,黄丹,韩世峰,冯春珍,焦雨佳,宁治军.鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田南部古风化壳岩溶储层有效性评价[J].天然气工业,2015,35(4):7-15.Sima Liqiang,Huang Dan,Han Shifeng,Feng Chunzhen,Jiao Yujia&Ning Zhijun.Effectiveness evaluation of palaeo-weathering crust-type karst reservoirs in the southern Jingbian Gasfield,Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(4):7-15.
[3]张岳华,雷卞军,杨勇.苏里格南区马五5亚段储层特征[J].天然气技术与经济,2015,9(2):9-12.Zhang Yuehua,Lei Bianjun&Yang Yong.Reservoir characteristics of Mawu5 sub-member,southern Sulige Area[J].Natural Gas Technology and Economy,2015,9(2):9-12.
[4]赵阳,赵冠军,石志良.气井配产理论研究进展与展望[J].天然气勘探与开发,2013,36(2):44-47.Zhao Yang,Zhao Guanjun&Shi Zhiliang.Research progress and prospect of production allocation theory for gas wells[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2013,36(2):44-47.
[5]张建民,张国明,王怒涛,罗成栋.水驱气藏单井动态优化配产方法研究[J].海洋石油,2006,26(1):63-66.Zhang Jianmin,Zhang Guoming,Wang Nutao&Luo Chengdong.Study on single well performance optimization allocation method in water-flooding gas reservoir[J].Offshore Oil,2006,26(1):63-66.
[6]李勇军,付小波,任攀虹,杨静静,杨宗宇,李春爱.水驱气藏合理生产压差及优化配产[J].辽宁化工,2013,42(12):1449-1 452.Li Yongjun,Fu Xiaobo,Ren Panhong,Yang Jingjing,Yang Zongyu&Li Chun'ai.Reasonable production pressure difference and optimization allocation of water drive gas reservoirs[J].Liaoning Chemical Industry,2013,42(12):1 449-1452.
[7]李颖川,李克智,王志彬,王海军,丁建东,胡伟俐.大牛地低渗透气藏产水气井动态优化配产方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(2):71-74.Li Yingchuan,Li Kezhi,Wang Zhibin,Wang Haijun,Ding Jiandong&Hu Weili.Study on dynamic production optimization for water produced gas wells in Daniudi low permeability gas reservoirs[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2013,35(2):71-74.
[8]袁淋,李晓平,王常青.水侵对低渗水驱气藏水平井产量的影响[J].岩性油气藏,2015,27(4):113-118.Yuan Lin,Li Xiaoping&Wang Changqing.Effect of water invasion on production of horizontal well in low permeability water drive gas reservoir[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2015,27(4):113-118.
[9]王富平,黄全华.产水气井一点法产能预测公式[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(1):85-86.Wang Fuping&Huang Quanhua.A single point deliverability forecasting formula for water-producing gas well[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(1):85-86.
[10]陆家亮,涂梅桂,刘晓华,肖前华.产水气井稳定点二项式产能方程及其应用[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(6):66-69.Lu Jialiang,Tu Meigui,Liu Xiaohua&Xiao Qianhua.Stable point binomial productivity equation of water-being gas well and application[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(6):66-69.
[11]李旭成,李晓平,刘蕾,袁淋.致密气藏压裂水平井气水两相产能求解新方法[J].天然气勘探与开发,2016,39(1):47-51.Li Xucheng,Li Xiaoping,Liu Lei&Yuan Lin.A new solution for gas-water two-phase productivity of fractured horizontal wells in tight gas reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2016,39(1):47-51.
[12]李跃刚.利用一点法测试建立气井的产能方程——陈元千提出方法的改进[J].石油勘探与开发,1992,19(5):91-93.Li Yuegang.Utilization a single point test to establish the gas well productivity equation—An improvement of Chen Yuanqian's method[J].Petroleum Exploration&Development,1992,19(5):91-93.
[13]王富平,黄全华,杨海波,赵长征,陈林.利用生产数据计算气井地层压力方法优选[J].断块油气田,2009,16(1):66-68.Wang Fuping,Huang Quanhua,Yang Haibo,Zhao Changzheng&Chen Lin.Method optimizing of using production data to calculate formational pressure of gas well[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2009,16(1):66-68.
[14]刘蜀知,孙艾茵,黄炳光,徐春碧.水侵气藏水侵量与地层压力预测方法研究[J].石油勘探与开发,1999,26(2):79-81.Liu Shuzhi,Sun Aiyin,Huang Bingguang&Xu Chunbi.The prediction method of water influx and formation pressure for a water drive gas reservoir[J].Petroleum Exploration&Development,1999,26(2):79-81.
[15]Fevang?&Whitson CH.Modeling gas-condensate well deliverability[J].SPE Reservoir Engineering,1996,11(4):221-230.
[16]黄炳光,刘蜀知.实用油藏工程与动态分析方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:22-30.Huang Bingguang&Liu Shuzhi.Applied petroleum reservoir engineering and dynamic analysis method[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1998:22-30.
[17]王怒涛,黄炳光,张崇军,付永强.水驱气藏动态储量及水侵量计算新方法[J].西南石油学院学报,2000,22(4):26-27.Wang Nutao,Huang Bingguang,Zhang Chongjun&Fu Yongqiang.A novel method of calculating water-flooded gas in place and water influx of water drive gas reservoirs[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,2000,22(4):26-27.
[18]张晓东.试井曲线计算机自动拟合算法及应用[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(4):135-137.Zhang Xiaodong.The application and algorithm of automatic type-curve matching in well testing[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2008,30(4):135-137.
[19]谭晓华,李晓平,刘从领,余燕,宋昭杰,袁淋.确定气水同产水平井流入动态关系的新方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(3):59-64.Tan Xiaohua,Li Xiaoping,Liu Congling,Yu Yan,Song Zhaojie&Yuan Lin.A new method for ascertaining the influx dynamic relation in water-gas producing horizontal wells[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,36(3):59-64.
[20]廖开贵,李颖川,杨志,钟海全.产水气藏气液两相管流动态规律研究[J].石油学报,2009,30(4):607-612.Liao Kaigui,Li Yingchuan,Yang Zhi&Zhang Haiquan.Study on pressure drop models of gas-liquid two-phase pipe flow in gas reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(4):607-612.
[21]熊健,郭平.气井临界流量预测模型的优选及应用[J].吐哈油气,2012,17(3):270-273.Xiong Jian&Guo Ping.Optimization and application of critical liquid-carrying flow rate predication modeling in gas well[J].Tuha Oil and Gas,2012,17(3):270-273.
[22]Fetkovich MJ.A simplified approach to water influx calculations-finite aquifer systems[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1971,23(7):814-828.