大黄鱼雌性亲鱼培育期间肌肉营养成分的变化
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摘要
为探究亲鱼培育模式对大黄鱼Pseudosciaena crocea雌性亲鱼肌肉营养成分的影响,采用阶段性测定雌性亲鱼肌肉的氨基酸和脂肪酸的方法,将亲鱼培育期间分3个阶段:大黄鱼卵巢发育Ⅰ期或是少数Ⅱ期(记为A阶段)、卵巢发育Ⅱ期或少数Ⅲ期(记为B阶段)、卵巢发育至Ⅳ期(记为C阶段),进行大黄鱼肌肉营养成分变化的研究。结果表明:在当前培育模式下,大黄鱼雌性亲鱼背部肌肉氨基酸总量C阶段最高(17.480%);是A阶段的1.206倍,是B阶段的1.160倍,腹部氨基酸总量B阶段最高(16.993%),是A阶段的1.174倍,是C阶段的1.229倍,但各阶段间均无显著性差异(P>0.05);随着养殖时间的延长,大黄鱼雌性亲鱼背部肌肉、腹部肌肉的脂肪酸总量呈显著增长趋势(P<0.05),饱和脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸也呈增长趋势且C阶段均显著高于B阶段(P<0.05),单不饱和脂肪酸含量、高不饱和脂肪酸、EPA+DHA含量均为C阶段、B阶段显著高于A阶段(P<0.05)。研究表明,本培育模式下对大黄鱼雌性亲鱼肌肉的必需氨基酸和氨基酸总含量影响不大,对肌肉中的不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸和高不饱和脂肪酸有显著提高。
Approximate nutritional composition, and levels of amino acids and fatty acids were analyzed in muscle of female broodstock large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea during different breeding stages to study the changes in muscle nutrition in the breeding process of the broodstock fish. The ovarian development was divided into three stages: stage A with developmental ovary Ⅰ, a few in Ⅱ; stage B with developmental ovary Ⅱ, a few in Ⅲ; stage C with developmental ovary under Ⅳ. The results showed that the female broodstock had the maximal amino acid amount(17.480%) in the dorsal muscle in stage C, as much as 1.206 times in stage A and 1.160 times in stage B. There was the maximal total amino acid content(16.993%) in abdominal muscle in stage B, as much as 1.174 times in stage A as well as 1.229 times in stage C, without significant difference among 3 stages(P>0.05). The amounts of total fatty acid, saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid were shown to be significantly increased in dorsal and abdominal muscles as the broodstock developed and grew(P<0.05), significantly higher total amount of fatty acid in stage C than that in stage B, and significantly higher in stage B than that in stage A(P<0.05). The contents of monounsaturated fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acids, and EPA+DHA were significantly higher in stage C, and stage B than those in stage A(P<0.05). There was little influence on the contents of essential amino acids and amino acids in the female large yellow croaker under the present mode of fish breeding, while the levels of unsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and highly polyunsaturated fatty acids were significantly improved in the muscle of large yellow fish under the same breeding mode.
Approximate nutritional composition, and levels of amino acids and fatty acids were analyzed in muscle of female broodstock large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea during different breeding stages to study the changes in muscle nutrition in the breeding process of the broodstock fish. The ovarian development was divided into three stages: stage A with developmental ovary Ⅰ, a few in Ⅱ; stage B with developmental ovary Ⅱ, a few in Ⅲ; stage C with developmental ovary under Ⅳ. The results showed that the female broodstock had the maximal amino acid amount(17.480%) in the dorsal muscle in stage C, as much as 1.206 times in stage A and 1.160 times in stage B. There was the maximal total amino acid content(16.993%) in abdominal muscle in stage B, as much as 1.174 times in stage A as well as 1.229 times in stage C, without significant difference among 3 stages(P>0.05). The amounts of total fatty acid, saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid were shown to be significantly increased in dorsal and abdominal muscles as the broodstock developed and grew(P<0.05), significantly higher total amount of fatty acid in stage C than that in stage B, and significantly higher in stage B than that in stage A(P<0.05). The contents of monounsaturated fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acids, and EPA+DHA were significantly higher in stage C, and stage B than those in stage A(P<0.05). There was little influence on the contents of essential amino acids and amino acids in the female large yellow croaker under the present mode of fish breeding, while the levels of unsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids and highly polyunsaturated fatty acids were significantly improved in the muscle of large yellow fish under the same breeding mode.
引文
[1] 颜孙安,姚清华,林香信,等.不同养殖模式大黄鱼肌肉营养成分比较[J].福建农业学报,2015,30(8):736-744.
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[3] 常青,梁萌青,薛华,等.亲鱼营养的研究进展[J].海洋水产研究,2002,23(2):65-71.
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[6] 周飘苹,金敏,吴文俊,等.不同养殖模式、投喂不同饵料及不同品系大黄鱼营养成分比较[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(4):969-980.
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[8] 李桑,陈春燕,黄旭雄,等.植物油部分替代饲料中鱼油对大黄鱼脂肪及脂肪酸的影响[J].上海海洋大学学报,2015,24(5):726-736.
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[10] 郑美芬.岱衢族大黄鱼室内人工育苗技术的研究[J].河北渔业,2006(10):40-42.
[11] 邹记兴,常林,向文洲,等.点带石斑鱼的亲鱼培育、产卵受精和胚胎发育[J].水生生物学报,2003,27(4):378-384.
[12] 杨家坚,林勇,陈忠,等.斑鳠亲鱼营养饲料研制及培育效果的研究[J].内陆水产,2001(3):5-7.
[13] 霍湘,王安利,杨建梅.鱼类对氨基酸的吸收代谢与需求[J].水利渔业,2005,25(3):1-3,21.
[14] 王际英,李培玉,宋志东,等.野生和人工养殖褐牙鲆亲鱼不同组织氨基酸的比较[J].水产学报,2010,34(11):1736-1743.
[15] 黄旭雄,施兆鸿,李伟微,等.银鲳亲鱼不同组织的氨基酸及其随性腺发育的变化[J].水产学报,2009,33(2):278-287.
[16] Gunasekera R M,Shim K F,Lam T J.Influence of dietary protein content on the distribution of amino acids in oocytes,serum and muscle of Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus (L.)[J].Aquaculture,1997,152(1-4):205-221.
[17] 王际英,苗淑彦,张利民,等.野生与人工养殖牙鲆亲鱼不同组织脂肪酸的比较[J].水产学报,2012,36(5):748-755.
[18] 施兆鸿,黄旭雄,李伟微,等.海捕灰鲳亲鱼不同组织中脂肪及脂肪酸分析[J].水产学报,2008,32(2):309-314.
[19] 黄旭雄,温文,危立坤,等.闽东海域银鲳亲鱼性腺发育后期脂类及脂肪酸蓄积特点[J].水产学报,2014,38(1):99-108.
[20] 段青源,钟惠英,斯列钢,等.网箱养殖大黄鱼与天然大黄鱼营养成分的比较分析[J].浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2000,19(2):125-128.
[21] Watanabe T,Arakawa T,Kitajima C,et al.Effect of nutritional quality of broodstock diets on reproduction of red sea bream[J].Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi,1984,50(3):495-501.
[22] Fern?ndez-Palacios H,Izquierdo M S,Robaina L,et al.Effect of n-3 HUFA level in broodstock diets on egg quality of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.)[J].Aquaculture,1995,132(3-4):325-337.
[23] 牛化欣,雷霁霖,常杰,等.冰鲜野杂鱼和商品饲料对大菱鲆生长、脂质代谢及抗氧化功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(11):2696-2704.
[24] 朱择敏,马冬梅,白俊杰,等.配合饲料、冰鲜杂鱼对大口黑鲈生长和LPL基因mRNA表达的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2014,29(4):360-363.
[2] 王武.鱼类增养殖学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:167-171.
[3] 常青,梁萌青,薛华,等.亲鱼营养的研究进展[J].海洋水产研究,2002,23(2):65-71.
[4] Watanabe T,Vassallo-Agius R.Broodstock nutrition research on marine finfish in Japan[J].Aquaculture,2003,227(1-4):35-61.
[5] 高有领,江玲丽,徐旭栋,等.饵料类型对岱衢族大黄鱼鱼体和肌肉营养成分、体色、肉色的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(9):2874-2882.
[6] 周飘苹,金敏,吴文俊,等.不同养殖模式、投喂不同饵料及不同品系大黄鱼营养成分比较[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(4):969-980.
[7] 李明云,郑岳夫,管丹东,等.大黄鱼四家系肌肉营养成分差异及品质选育分析[J].水产学报,2009,33(4):632-638.
[8] 李桑,陈春燕,黄旭雄,等.植物油部分替代饲料中鱼油对大黄鱼脂肪及脂肪酸的影响[J].上海海洋大学学报,2015,24(5):726-736.
[9] Duan Qingyuan,Mai Kangsen,Shentu Jikang,et al.Replacement of dietary fish oil with vegetable oils improves the growth and flesh quality of large yellow croaker (Larmichthys crocea)[J].Journal of Ocean University of China,2014,13(3):445-452.
[10] 郑美芬.岱衢族大黄鱼室内人工育苗技术的研究[J].河北渔业,2006(10):40-42.
[11] 邹记兴,常林,向文洲,等.点带石斑鱼的亲鱼培育、产卵受精和胚胎发育[J].水生生物学报,2003,27(4):378-384.
[12] 杨家坚,林勇,陈忠,等.斑鳠亲鱼营养饲料研制及培育效果的研究[J].内陆水产,2001(3):5-7.
[13] 霍湘,王安利,杨建梅.鱼类对氨基酸的吸收代谢与需求[J].水利渔业,2005,25(3):1-3,21.
[14] 王际英,李培玉,宋志东,等.野生和人工养殖褐牙鲆亲鱼不同组织氨基酸的比较[J].水产学报,2010,34(11):1736-1743.
[15] 黄旭雄,施兆鸿,李伟微,等.银鲳亲鱼不同组织的氨基酸及其随性腺发育的变化[J].水产学报,2009,33(2):278-287.
[16] Gunasekera R M,Shim K F,Lam T J.Influence of dietary protein content on the distribution of amino acids in oocytes,serum and muscle of Nile tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus (L.)[J].Aquaculture,1997,152(1-4):205-221.
[17] 王际英,苗淑彦,张利民,等.野生与人工养殖牙鲆亲鱼不同组织脂肪酸的比较[J].水产学报,2012,36(5):748-755.
[18] 施兆鸿,黄旭雄,李伟微,等.海捕灰鲳亲鱼不同组织中脂肪及脂肪酸分析[J].水产学报,2008,32(2):309-314.
[19] 黄旭雄,温文,危立坤,等.闽东海域银鲳亲鱼性腺发育后期脂类及脂肪酸蓄积特点[J].水产学报,2014,38(1):99-108.
[20] 段青源,钟惠英,斯列钢,等.网箱养殖大黄鱼与天然大黄鱼营养成分的比较分析[J].浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2000,19(2):125-128.
[21] Watanabe T,Arakawa T,Kitajima C,et al.Effect of nutritional quality of broodstock diets on reproduction of red sea bream[J].Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi,1984,50(3):495-501.
[22] Fern?ndez-Palacios H,Izquierdo M S,Robaina L,et al.Effect of n-3 HUFA level in broodstock diets on egg quality of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.)[J].Aquaculture,1995,132(3-4):325-337.
[23] 牛化欣,雷霁霖,常杰,等.冰鲜野杂鱼和商品饲料对大菱鲆生长、脂质代谢及抗氧化功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(11):2696-2704.
[24] 朱择敏,马冬梅,白俊杰,等.配合饲料、冰鲜杂鱼对大口黑鲈生长和LPL基因mRNA表达的影响[J].大连海洋大学学报,2014,29(4):360-363.
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