影响濒危东北岩高兰种子萌发因素分析
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摘要
种子萌发是种群延续和维持丰富多样性的重要途径,对深休眠种子催芽提高萌发率并进行繁殖,是扩大濒危植物种群的重要措施。以深休眠的濒危东北岩高兰种子为对象,研究了种子的解剖结构,浓硫酸、激素等多种催芽方法处理对萌发的影响,结果表明:1)种皮骨质厚实、种脐相对密闭、种胚较小且萌发后推动力不足,是种子深休眠的主要因素,破坏种皮能够促进种子萌发; 2)用浓硫酸和1 000 mg/L GA_3分别浸泡10 min和12 h的种子萌发率最大; 3)正常萌发的幼苗具有较强的耐瘠薄性,仅维持水分供应可长出多条侧根,并能移栽成活。
The germination of seeds is an important way for population continuation and rich diversity maintenance.It is an important measure to increase germination rate and propagate deep dormant seeds to expand the population of endangered plants.In this paper,it uses the deep dormancy of the endangered Empetrum nigrum var.japoncum seeds as the material,to study the anatomic structure of seeds,and sulfuric acid,hormones and other treatment methods effect on the germination and sprouting.The results showed that:1)The main factors of seed deep dormancy are thick seed bone,relatively closed hilum,and small embryo and lack of impetus after germination;destruction of seed coat could promote seed germination.2)Seeds achieved the highest germination rate which soaked in sulfuric acid for 10 minutes and 1 000 mg/L GA_3 for 12 hours respectively.3)The seedlings with normal germination had strong tolerance to barren.They can grow many lateral roots only by maintaining water supply,and they can survived after been transplanted.
The germination of seeds is an important way for population continuation and rich diversity maintenance.It is an important measure to increase germination rate and propagate deep dormant seeds to expand the population of endangered plants.In this paper,it uses the deep dormancy of the endangered Empetrum nigrum var.japoncum seeds as the material,to study the anatomic structure of seeds,and sulfuric acid,hormones and other treatment methods effect on the germination and sprouting.The results showed that:1)The main factors of seed deep dormancy are thick seed bone,relatively closed hilum,and small embryo and lack of impetus after germination;destruction of seed coat could promote seed germination.2)Seeds achieved the highest germination rate which soaked in sulfuric acid for 10 minutes and 1 000 mg/L GA_3 for 12 hours respectively.3)The seedlings with normal germination had strong tolerance to barren.They can grow many lateral roots only by maintaining water supply,and they can survived after been transplanted.
引文
[1]王谦博,郑成琳,金司阳,等.东北岩高兰醋酸乙酯部位化学成分及其对大鼠酒精性脂肪肝作用研究[J].中草药,2016,47(18):3164-3168.
[2]陈辉.东北岩高兰的分布及保护利用价值[J].内蒙古林业调查设计,2011,34(6):119,121.
[3]孔凡丽.岩高兰生药学研究及产品研制[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2015.
[4]马毓泉.内蒙古植物志第三卷[M].第2版.呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1989:495-460.
[5]任玉昌,张桂表.我国珍稀植物——东北岩高兰[J].中国野生植物,1991(1):32-33.
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[7]许辉.岩高兰生物学特性及保护的必要性[J].内蒙古林业调查设计,2017,40(4):42-43.
[8]满志宏,杨玉新,张春雨.黑龙江省东北岩高兰现状及开发利用[J].黑龙江科技信息,2007(1):122.
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[10]谷淑芬,李长海,李祥惠,等.东北岩高兰的扦插试验[J].东北林业大学学报,1991(6):101-105.
[11]王振月,王谦博,张爽.一种东北岩高兰种子催芽方法[P].黑龙江:CN105284233A,2016.
[12]安慧君,德永军,张智杰,等.东北岩高兰及其生态适应性初探[J].内蒙古林业科技,2016,42(1):27-29.
[13]谷丹丹.东北岩高兰种子萌发特性和幼苗栽培技术研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2018.
[14]杨文君,李莲芳,汪亚愈,等.云南松种子发芽对温度和生长调节剂的响应[J].种子,2017,36(8):10-15,19.
[15]何庆海,杨少宗,李因刚,等.不同枫香种群种子萌发特性分析[J].种子,2018,37(5):21-27.
[16]张茂林.不同处理方法对杜鹃花种子休眠与萌发的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2011.
[17]吴海波,宋博洋,张烁,等.种子休眠与萌发研究中若干问题的探讨[J].种子,2017,36(1):76-81.
[18]刘延文,杨丽,焦冰清,等.蓝靛果忍冬种子萌发特性研究[J].种子,2017,36(8):96-99.
[19]杨期和,宋松泉,叶万辉,等.种子感光的机理及影响种子感光性的因素[J].植物学通报,2003,20(2):238-247.
[20]辛福梅,刘顺汉,查果拉姆.西藏拉萨小檗种子发芽特性研究[J].种子,2016,35(9):9-11.
[21]赵琬玥,刘伟,韩杜鹃,等.不同浓度赤霉素对长果绿绒蒿种子萌发特性的影响[J].种子,2018,37(3):23-27.
[22]李燕,姬越,汝姣,等.不同处理对明日叶种子萌发的影响[J].分子植物育种,2017,15(3):1121-1126.
[23]蒋林,丁平,蔡冬梅,等.几种化学药物对银杏种子发芽力的影响[J].中草药,2000(11):58-60.
[24]高春智,何炎红,田有亮,等.不同浓度赤霉素浸种对樟子松种子萌发的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2012,33(3):67-71.
[25]张薇,王文俊,李莲芳,等.外源激素浸种对云南松种子发芽的影响[J].种子,2015,34(4):1-4.
[26]周安佩,李莲芳,刘东玉,等.发芽环境、微波辐射和激素浸泡对云南松种子发芽的影响[J].种子,2012,31(9):89-92.
[27]王胜,丁雪梅,尹金珠,等.赤霉素浸泡和盐碱地播种对沙冬青、金叶莸和化香树种子萌发的影响[J].山东林业科技,2016(2):6-11.
[28]尹章文,宋建伟.不同浓度赤霉素对樱桃种子发芽的影响[J].北方园艺,2008(12):23-24.
[29]赵冰,董进英,张冬林.温度、光照和赤霉素浓度对秀雅杜鹃种子萌发的影响[J].种子,2014,33(5):26-30.
[30]闫芳,张春梅,王勤礼,等.赤霉素浸种对欧洲百里香种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].种子,2012,31(12):74-76.
[31]屈燕,区智,尤小婷,等.赤霉素对总状绿绒蒿三个居群种子萌发特性的影响[J].植物生理学报,2014,50(9):1374-1378.
[32]Chen C.T., Chen S.Y., Tsai C.C., et al. Deep simple epicotyl morphophysilogical dormancy in seeds of two Viburnum species, with special reference to shoot growth and development inside the seed[J].Annals of Botany,2011,108:13-22. 参考文献类型及其标志参考文献类型普通图书会议录汇编报纸期刊学位论文报告标准专利数据库计算机程序电子公告档案舆图数据集其他文献类型标志MCGNJDRSPDBCPEBACMDSZ 注:对于其他未说明的文献类型,建议采用单字母“Z”。
[2]陈辉.东北岩高兰的分布及保护利用价值[J].内蒙古林业调查设计,2011,34(6):119,121.
[3]孔凡丽.岩高兰生药学研究及产品研制[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2015.
[4]马毓泉.内蒙古植物志第三卷[M].第2版.呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1989:495-460.
[5]任玉昌,张桂表.我国珍稀植物——东北岩高兰[J].中国野生植物,1991(1):32-33.
[6]李春燕.东北岩高兰对大鼠酒精性脂肪肝的预防作用研究[D].哈尔滨:黑龙江中医药大学,2009.
[7]许辉.岩高兰生物学特性及保护的必要性[J].内蒙古林业调查设计,2017,40(4):42-43.
[8]满志宏,杨玉新,张春雨.黑龙江省东北岩高兰现状及开发利用[J].黑龙江科技信息,2007(1):122.
[9]康庭棣.大兴安岭药用资源[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨出版社,2001:294.
[10]谷淑芬,李长海,李祥惠,等.东北岩高兰的扦插试验[J].东北林业大学学报,1991(6):101-105.
[11]王振月,王谦博,张爽.一种东北岩高兰种子催芽方法[P].黑龙江:CN105284233A,2016.
[12]安慧君,德永军,张智杰,等.东北岩高兰及其生态适应性初探[J].内蒙古林业科技,2016,42(1):27-29.
[13]谷丹丹.东北岩高兰种子萌发特性和幼苗栽培技术研究[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2018.
[14]杨文君,李莲芳,汪亚愈,等.云南松种子发芽对温度和生长调节剂的响应[J].种子,2017,36(8):10-15,19.
[15]何庆海,杨少宗,李因刚,等.不同枫香种群种子萌发特性分析[J].种子,2018,37(5):21-27.
[16]张茂林.不同处理方法对杜鹃花种子休眠与萌发的影响[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2011.
[17]吴海波,宋博洋,张烁,等.种子休眠与萌发研究中若干问题的探讨[J].种子,2017,36(1):76-81.
[18]刘延文,杨丽,焦冰清,等.蓝靛果忍冬种子萌发特性研究[J].种子,2017,36(8):96-99.
[19]杨期和,宋松泉,叶万辉,等.种子感光的机理及影响种子感光性的因素[J].植物学通报,2003,20(2):238-247.
[20]辛福梅,刘顺汉,查果拉姆.西藏拉萨小檗种子发芽特性研究[J].种子,2016,35(9):9-11.
[21]赵琬玥,刘伟,韩杜鹃,等.不同浓度赤霉素对长果绿绒蒿种子萌发特性的影响[J].种子,2018,37(3):23-27.
[22]李燕,姬越,汝姣,等.不同处理对明日叶种子萌发的影响[J].分子植物育种,2017,15(3):1121-1126.
[23]蒋林,丁平,蔡冬梅,等.几种化学药物对银杏种子发芽力的影响[J].中草药,2000(11):58-60.
[24]高春智,何炎红,田有亮,等.不同浓度赤霉素浸种对樟子松种子萌发的影响[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2012,33(3):67-71.
[25]张薇,王文俊,李莲芳,等.外源激素浸种对云南松种子发芽的影响[J].种子,2015,34(4):1-4.
[26]周安佩,李莲芳,刘东玉,等.发芽环境、微波辐射和激素浸泡对云南松种子发芽的影响[J].种子,2012,31(9):89-92.
[27]王胜,丁雪梅,尹金珠,等.赤霉素浸泡和盐碱地播种对沙冬青、金叶莸和化香树种子萌发的影响[J].山东林业科技,2016(2):6-11.
[28]尹章文,宋建伟.不同浓度赤霉素对樱桃种子发芽的影响[J].北方园艺,2008(12):23-24.
[29]赵冰,董进英,张冬林.温度、光照和赤霉素浓度对秀雅杜鹃种子萌发的影响[J].种子,2014,33(5):26-30.
[30]闫芳,张春梅,王勤礼,等.赤霉素浸种对欧洲百里香种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].种子,2012,31(12):74-76.
[31]屈燕,区智,尤小婷,等.赤霉素对总状绿绒蒿三个居群种子萌发特性的影响[J].植物生理学报,2014,50(9):1374-1378.
[32]Chen C.T., Chen S.Y., Tsai C.C., et al. Deep simple epicotyl morphophysilogical dormancy in seeds of two Viburnum species, with special reference to shoot growth and development inside the seed[J].Annals of Botany,2011,108:13-22. 参考文献类型及其标志参考文献类型普通图书会议录汇编报纸期刊学位论文报告标准专利数据库计算机程序电子公告档案舆图数据集其他文献类型标志MCGNJDRSPDBCPEBACMDSZ 注:对于其他未说明的文献类型,建议采用单字母“Z”。