一流学科建设的三种导向:价值的冲突与统一
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摘要
一流学科建设涉及政府、高校和学者三个主体,不同主体基于不同的立场有不同的价值取向,从而在实践上形成了一流学科建设三种不同的导向:政府的服务导向、高校的排名导向和学者的成果导向。三个主体追求不同,三个导向旨趣各异,严重削弱了一流学科建设的成效。知识转型带来学科建设的转型,一流学科建设必须坚持服务导向。在服务导向下实现三个主体价值取向的统一,需要政府确保相关政策在服务导向上的一致和统一,需要高校改变学科建设的管理方式和科研评价办法。
The first-class discipline construction involves three entities,namely,government,university,and scholar.Based on different standpoints,the different entities have different value orientations,which lead to three different guiding principles for the construction of the first-class disciplines in practice,i.e.the service guiding principle of the government,the ranking competition guiding principle of the university and the accomplishment guiding principle by scholars.The different pursuits and different interests guided by the principles of the three entities have seriously weakened the effectiveness of the first-class discipline construction.As knowledge transformation has brought about the transformation of discipline construction,the firstclass discipline construction must adhere to the service guiding principle.In order to achieve a unity of the three value orientations under the service guiding principle,the government needs to ensure the consistency and unification of relevant policies in service guiding principle,and the university needs to improve the management methods and evaluation methods on scientific research in discipline construction.
The first-class discipline construction involves three entities,namely,government,university,and scholar.Based on different standpoints,the different entities have different value orientations,which lead to three different guiding principles for the construction of the first-class disciplines in practice,i.e.the service guiding principle of the government,the ranking competition guiding principle of the university and the accomplishment guiding principle by scholars.The different pursuits and different interests guided by the principles of the three entities have seriously weakened the effectiveness of the first-class discipline construction.As knowledge transformation has brought about the transformation of discipline construction,the firstclass discipline construction must adhere to the service guiding principle.In order to achieve a unity of the three value orientations under the service guiding principle,the government needs to ensure the consistency and unification of relevant policies in service guiding principle,and the university needs to improve the management methods and evaluation methods on scientific research in discipline construction.
引文
[1]江西省人民政府.江西省有特色高水平大学和一流学科专业建设实施方案[Z].2017.
[2]曾建平.关于伦理学的学科性质与学科建设的几个问题[J].江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2009(6):55.
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[4]宣勇.大学能力建设:新时代中国高等教育面临的重大课题[J].高等教育研究,2018(5):15.
[5]V·布什等.科学:没有止境的前沿[M].范岱年,等译.北京:商务印书馆,2004:63-64.
[6]HANAFI S.University Systems in the Arab East:Publish Globally and Perish Locally vs Publish Locally and Perish Globally[J].Current Sociology,2011,59(3):291-309.
[7]李现曾,王凤英.知识经济时代高等教育的哲学沉思[J].江西师范大学学报,2001,(2):21.
[8]罗伯特·伯恩鲍姆.大学运行模式:大学组织与领导的控制系统[M].别敦荣,主译.青岛:中国海洋大学出版社,2003:34-39.
[9]刘小强,庄勇华.现行学科专业制度下交叉应用学科专业的发展困境及其出路:以运筹学为例[J].江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2012(4):118.
[10]迈克尔·吉本斯,等.知识生产的新模式:当代社会科学与研究的动力学[M].陈洪捷,等译.北京:北京大学出版社,2011:3-8.
[11]浙江大学优秀网络文化成果认定实施办法(试行)[EB/OL].(2017-9-17)[2018-10-1].http://media.people.com.cn/n1/2017/0917/c40606-29540029.html.
[12]李志峰,高慧,张忠家.知识生产模式的现代转型与大学科学研究的模式创新[J].教育研究,2014(3):57.
(1)当前国内外影响力较大的学科评价主要有美国新闻与世界报道(U.S.News)、Quacquarelli Symonds(QS)、泰晤士报高等教育(THE)、教育部学位与发展研究中心(CUSR)、上海软科教育信息咨询有限公司(ARWU)等。
[2]曾建平.关于伦理学的学科性质与学科建设的几个问题[J].江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2009(6):55.
[3]罗伯特·K.默顿.科学社会学散忆[M].鲁旭东,译.北京:商务印书馆,2004:67.
[4]宣勇.大学能力建设:新时代中国高等教育面临的重大课题[J].高等教育研究,2018(5):15.
[5]V·布什等.科学:没有止境的前沿[M].范岱年,等译.北京:商务印书馆,2004:63-64.
[6]HANAFI S.University Systems in the Arab East:Publish Globally and Perish Locally vs Publish Locally and Perish Globally[J].Current Sociology,2011,59(3):291-309.
[7]李现曾,王凤英.知识经济时代高等教育的哲学沉思[J].江西师范大学学报,2001,(2):21.
[8]罗伯特·伯恩鲍姆.大学运行模式:大学组织与领导的控制系统[M].别敦荣,主译.青岛:中国海洋大学出版社,2003:34-39.
[9]刘小强,庄勇华.现行学科专业制度下交叉应用学科专业的发展困境及其出路:以运筹学为例[J].江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2012(4):118.
[10]迈克尔·吉本斯,等.知识生产的新模式:当代社会科学与研究的动力学[M].陈洪捷,等译.北京:北京大学出版社,2011:3-8.
[11]浙江大学优秀网络文化成果认定实施办法(试行)[EB/OL].(2017-9-17)[2018-10-1].http://media.people.com.cn/n1/2017/0917/c40606-29540029.html.
[12]李志峰,高慧,张忠家.知识生产模式的现代转型与大学科学研究的模式创新[J].教育研究,2014(3):57.
(1)当前国内外影响力较大的学科评价主要有美国新闻与世界报道(U.S.News)、Quacquarelli Symonds(QS)、泰晤士报高等教育(THE)、教育部学位与发展研究中心(CUSR)、上海软科教育信息咨询有限公司(ARWU)等。