构建幼儿园游戏特色课程的探索与实践
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摘要
课程是把教育思想、教育理论转化成教育实践的中介和桥梁,园本课程是幼儿园内涵发展的核心动力,决定着幼儿园是否能高品质有特色的持续发展。中国学生发展核心素养和《3-6岁儿童学习与发展指南》思想成为了构建幼儿园游戏特色课程的主要理论依据。目前幼儿园优秀课程的现实问题依然突出,"让儿童的生命嗨起来"的幼儿园游戏课程论理念能够克服当前幼儿课程的问题,并体现了学生的核心素养的培育。项目社团活动是游戏特色课程新样式。把儿童感兴趣的生活事项变成一个个"工作项目",项目任务完成的结果叫"作品"。项目社团活动遵循"关心兴趣""关心需求""关心经验"三个原则。深度观察是幼儿园游戏特色课程的支持策略,有效观察关键在于找准观察的"眼",解读儿童的"行",表达观察的"果"。
Curriculum is the medium and bridge to transform educational thoughts and theories into educational practice. Kindergarten-based curriculum is the core motive force of the connotation development of kindergartens, which determines whether the kindergartens can develop continuously with high quality and characteristics. The development s of Chinese students' core competences and the idea of Guidelines for Learning and Development of Children Aged 3-6 have become the main theoretical basis for the construction of kindergarten game-featured curriculum. At present, the practical problems of kindergarten courses are still outstanding. The kindergarten game curriculum theory of "Let children's life hey up" can overcome the current problems in the kindergarten curriculum, and reflects the cultivation of students' core competences. Project activity is a new style of game-featured curriculum. The life items that children are interested in are turned into "work projects" and the results of the project tasks are called "works". The project activities follow three principles including "paying close attention to interests", "paying close attention to needs", and "paying close attention to experience". In-depth observation is the supporting strategy of kindergarten game-featured courses. The key to effective observation lies in finding the "eye" of observation, interpreting the "behavior" of children and expressing the "result" of observation.
Curriculum is the medium and bridge to transform educational thoughts and theories into educational practice. Kindergarten-based curriculum is the core motive force of the connotation development of kindergartens, which determines whether the kindergartens can develop continuously with high quality and characteristics. The development s of Chinese students' core competences and the idea of Guidelines for Learning and Development of Children Aged 3-6 have become the main theoretical basis for the construction of kindergarten game-featured curriculum. At present, the practical problems of kindergarten courses are still outstanding. The kindergarten game curriculum theory of "Let children's life hey up" can overcome the current problems in the kindergarten curriculum, and reflects the cultivation of students' core competences. Project activity is a new style of game-featured curriculum. The life items that children are interested in are turned into "work projects" and the results of the project tasks are called "works". The project activities follow three principles including "paying close attention to interests", "paying close attention to needs", and "paying close attention to experience". In-depth observation is the supporting strategy of kindergarten game-featured courses. The key to effective observation lies in finding the "eye" of observation, interpreting the "behavior" of children and expressing the "result" of observation.
引文
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[2] 核心素养研究课题组.中国学生发展核心素养[J].中国教育学刊,2016(10):1-3.
[3] 杨希.从疏离到回归:我国学前教育课程观发展趋势[J].湖南师范大学教育科学学报,2016,15(3):112-116.
[4] 张娜,陈佑清.我国学前教育课程结构现状分析[J].教育发展研究,2013,33(06):63-67.
[5] 陆青雯.面向学前教育的主题微课程开发研究[J].中国电化教育,2016(11):134-137.
[6] 张娜,陈佑清.现代儿童观及其对学前教育课程设计的意义[J].全球教育展望,2013,42(3):91-98.
[7] 何煦.让儿童在“工作项目”中嗨起来[N].中国教师报,2018-07-11(006).