磁场效应强化湿法冶金的现状及前景
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摘要
新型磁性材料的开发和磁场相关理论的研究发展为磁处理的高效应用奠定了坚实的理论基础,拓宽了磁处理的利用空间,尤其是磁场在动力学方面的相关研究极大地推动了其在湿法冶金中的应用。磁场能够控制化学反应、改变分子结构、提高渗透性等作用,具有投资小、操作方便、无污染等优势,加之离子本身磁性的差异和运动的带电离子在磁场中受到洛伦兹力和磁场梯度力的特性,因此,磁场可以突破限制湿法冶金的浸出、净化和水溶液电解过程的瓶颈。本文就磁处理强化湿法冶金领城的扩散、萃取、离子分离、电化学以及蒸发浓缩等方面的研究现状及前景进行了综述与分析,并展望了磁处理在湿法冶金中的应用前景。
Development of new magnetic materials, research and development of magnetic field related theory have laid solid theoretical basis and great space for the efficient application of magnetic treatment. In particular, the research on the dynamics of magnetic field has greatly promoted its application in hydrometallurgy. Magnetic field can control chemical reaction, change molecular structure and improve permeability. It has advantages of small investment, convenient operation and no pollution. Meanwhile, there are magnetic differences of ions and the movement of charged ions is affected by Lorentz force and magnetic field gradient force in magnetic field. Therefore, the magnetic field can bring many conveniences to the three operation processes of hydrometallurgical leaching, purification and aqueous solution electrolysis. This paper summarizes and analyzes the research status quo and prospect of diffusion,extraction, ion separation, electrochemistry, evaporation and concentration in the field of hydrometallurgy enhancement by magnetic field effect. The prospect of magnetic field in hydrometallurgy is also described.
Development of new magnetic materials, research and development of magnetic field related theory have laid solid theoretical basis and great space for the efficient application of magnetic treatment. In particular, the research on the dynamics of magnetic field has greatly promoted its application in hydrometallurgy. Magnetic field can control chemical reaction, change molecular structure and improve permeability. It has advantages of small investment, convenient operation and no pollution. Meanwhile, there are magnetic differences of ions and the movement of charged ions is affected by Lorentz force and magnetic field gradient force in magnetic field. Therefore, the magnetic field can bring many conveniences to the three operation processes of hydrometallurgical leaching, purification and aqueous solution electrolysis. This paper summarizes and analyzes the research status quo and prospect of diffusion,extraction, ion separation, electrochemistry, evaporation and concentration in the field of hydrometallurgy enhancement by magnetic field effect. The prospect of magnetic field in hydrometallurgy is also described.
引文
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