有轨电车轨道病害现场调研与分析
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摘要
对国内运营3～4年的3个城市有轨电车线路现场调研发现,轨道主要病害包括:在平交道口位置,轨道周围沥青混凝土路面易发生开裂与破损,且路面与轨道易发生不均匀沉降;钢轨两侧的沥青混凝土路面易发生棱边破损;部分地段发生了轨面沉降而导致轴箱与底部结构物发生剐蹭;扣件罩顶部的路面易发生开裂与破坏;桥梁刚度过渡设置不合理易诱发扣件松动。对各种轨道病害的诱因进行分析,并提出相应的防治建议,如钢轨两侧采用预制型钢包边的钢筋混凝土板,在钢轨与预制混凝土板之间设置一定宽度的橡胶块;加强轨道与公路路面以及两种交通路基的匹配性设计。
Though the construction scale of tramcar transportation in China becomes larger and larger,the design of track and subgrade is at the exploratory stage.Tramways with 3-4 years' operations from three different cities in China were explored in this study.Site investigation showed that at rail-highway crossing,cracking and breakage for bituminous concrete pavement around track were easily generated,and differential settlement for pavement and track was easy to be seen.Edge damage for the pavement at the sides of the rail was also included.Settlement of rail surface in some sections resulted in scratch between the axle box and objects under the axle box.Cracking and breakage for highway pavement were generated at the top of fastener cover.Unreasonable tramway foundation stiffness transition caused the fastener loose.All the track disease inducements were analyzed and corresponding prevention and control suggestions were given,such as adding precast reinforced concrete plate wrapped with profile steel on both sides of the rail,setting the rubber block between the rail and concrete plate,matching design between tramway and pavement,and strengthening the subgrade for both tramway and highway.
Though the construction scale of tramcar transportation in China becomes larger and larger,the design of track and subgrade is at the exploratory stage.Tramways with 3-4 years' operations from three different cities in China were explored in this study.Site investigation showed that at rail-highway crossing,cracking and breakage for bituminous concrete pavement around track were easily generated,and differential settlement for pavement and track was easy to be seen.Edge damage for the pavement at the sides of the rail was also included.Settlement of rail surface in some sections resulted in scratch between the axle box and objects under the axle box.Cracking and breakage for highway pavement were generated at the top of fastener cover.Unreasonable tramway foundation stiffness transition caused the fastener loose.All the track disease inducements were analyzed and corresponding prevention and control suggestions were given,such as adding precast reinforced concrete plate wrapped with profile steel on both sides of the rail,setting the rubber block between the rail and concrete plate,matching design between tramway and pavement,and strengthening the subgrade for both tramway and highway.
引文
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[12]LIU QINGJIE,WANG TENG,REGINGALD SOULEYRETTE.A 3D evaluation method for rail-highway hump crossings[J]Computer Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering,2017(32):124-137.
[2]李佳杰,柏赟,邱宇,等.现代有轨电车时刻表与操纵节能协同优化[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2017,14(7):1552-1558.
[3]北京市规划委员会.地铁设计规范GB 50157-2013[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2013.
[4]林红松,颜华.有轨电车埋入式无砟轨道及关键部件型式研究[J].铁道工程学报,2016,33(6):60-65.
[5]杨阳,李芾,张茂松,等.槽型轨磨耗演变过程数值模拟[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2016,13(8):1607-1612.
[6]上海市城市建设设计研究总院.有轨电车设计规范DG/TJ08-2213-2016[S].上海:同济大学出版社,2016.
[7]同济大学.城市道路路基设计规范CJJ 194-2013[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2013.
[8]丁军君,杨阳,李芾,等.基于槽型轨的低地板有轨电车车轮磨耗及优化研究[J].铁道学报,2017,39(7):54-59.
[9]陈林,姚林泉.不同无砟轨道类型对车辆动力学特性影响的数值分析[J].华东交通大学学报,2016,33(4):1-9.
[10]邹彦,刘扬,马晓云,等.预制短板浮置板轨道减振特性研究[J].华东交通大学学报,2017,34(1):33-39.
[11]许玉德,刘一鸣,沈坚锋.轨道不平顺预测随机模型的SVM-MC求解方法[J].华东交通大学学报,2017,34(7):54-59.
[12]LIU QINGJIE,WANG TENG,REGINGALD SOULEYRETTE.A 3D evaluation method for rail-highway hump crossings[J]Computer Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering,2017(32):124-137.