柳枝稷分蘖发育调控的生理生化机制研究
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摘要
柳枝稷是多年生禾本科植物,因生物量巨大可生产燃料乙醇而作为能源作物被广泛研究和应用。分蘖是直接影响禾本科植物生物量的主要因素,分蘖的数量由分蘖芽的分化和伸长共同决定。分蘖芽的分化和伸长过程受植物激素和外界环境等多种内在和外界因素共同调控。本研究对一个由EMS诱变获得的少分蘖突变体lt进行生理生化和分子机理研究。结果表明,与对照相比,突变体lt分蘖数目减少,腋芽伸长速度减缓;lt地上部分对重力响应减弱;lt体内生长素、脱落酸和独脚金内酯的含量增加;同时,lt突变体中独脚金内酯途径的基因表达水平增加。由此说明柳枝稷突变体lt分蘖发育的过程中受到了生长素、脱落酸和独脚金内酯的共同调控。该研究可为提高柳枝稷生物产量提供理论基础。
Switchgrass is a perennial gramineous plant.It is studied widely and applied as an energy crop because of its huge biomass to produce fuel ethanol.Tillering is the main factor that directly affects the biomass of gramineous plants.The production of tillers is determined by the development of tiller buds,which is regulated by many factors including plant hormones and external environment.A tiller-deficient mutant lt induced by EMS was studied in physiological,biochemical and molecular mechanisms.The results showed that the number of tillers and elongation rate of axillary buds of mutant lt decreased.And the shoot of lt responded to gravity weakly,the contents of auxin,abscisic acid and strigolactones in ltincreased.At the same time,the expression level of genes involved in strigolactones pathway in lt mutant increased.These results indicated that the tillering development of switchgrass mutant lt was regulated by auxin,abscisic acid and strigolactones.These results could provide theoretical direction for increasing biomass yield of switchgrass.
Switchgrass is a perennial gramineous plant.It is studied widely and applied as an energy crop because of its huge biomass to produce fuel ethanol.Tillering is the main factor that directly affects the biomass of gramineous plants.The production of tillers is determined by the development of tiller buds,which is regulated by many factors including plant hormones and external environment.A tiller-deficient mutant lt induced by EMS was studied in physiological,biochemical and molecular mechanisms.The results showed that the number of tillers and elongation rate of axillary buds of mutant lt decreased.And the shoot of lt responded to gravity weakly,the contents of auxin,abscisic acid and strigolactones in ltincreased.At the same time,the expression level of genes involved in strigolactones pathway in lt mutant increased.These results indicated that the tillering development of switchgrass mutant lt was regulated by auxin,abscisic acid and strigolactones.These results could provide theoretical direction for increasing biomass yield of switchgrass.
引文
[1]张锁科,马晖玲.激素调控草地早熟禾分蘖及品种间分蘖力比较研究[J].草地学报,2015,23(2):316-321
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[3]姜慧新,沈益新,翟桂玉,等.施磷对紫花苜蓿分枝生长及产草量的影响[J].草地学报,2009,17(5):588-592
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[5]Leyser O.Regulation of shoot branching by auxin[J].Trends in plant science,2003,8:541-545
[6]Wang G,Romheld V,Li C,et al.Involvement of auxin and CKs in boron deficiency induced changes in apical dominance of pea plants(Pisum sativum L.)[J].Journal of plant physiology,2006,163:591-600
[7]Guo Y,Gan S.AtMYB2regulates whole plant senescence by inhibiting cytokinin-mediated branching at late stages of development in Arabidopsis[J].Plant physiology,2011,156:1612-1619
[8]Al-Babili S,Bouwmeester HJ.Strigolactones,a novel carotenoid-derived plant hormone[J].Annual review of plant biology,2015,66:161-186
[9]Bennett T,Sieberer T,Willett B,et al.The Arabidopsis MAX pathway controls shoot branching by regulating auxin transport[J].Current biology:CB,2006,16:553-563
[10]Ongaro V,Leyser O.Hormonal control of shoot branching[J].Journal of experimental botany,2008,59:67-74
[11]Arite T,Iwata H,Ohshima K,et al.DWARF10,an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1ortholog,controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice[J].Plant Journal,2007,51:1019-1029
[12]Foo E,Bullier E,Goussot M,et al.The branching gene RAMOSUS1 mediates interactions among two novel signals and auxin in pea[J].The Plant cell,2005,17:464-474
[13]Sorefan K,Booker J,Haurogne K,et al.MAX4and RMS1are orthologous dioxygenase-like genes that regulate shoot branching in Arabidopsis and pea[J].Genes&development,2003,17:1469-1474
[14]Perez-Torres CA,Lopez-Bucio J,Cruz-Ramirez A,et al.Phosphate availability alters lateral root development in Arabidopsis by modulating auxin sensitivity via a mechanism involving the TIR1auxin receptor[J].The Plant cell,2008,20:3258-3272
[15]Yoneyama K,Xie X,Dai K,et al.Nitrogen deficiency as well as phosphorus deficiency in sorghum promotes the production and exudation of 5-deoxystrigol,the host recognition signal for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and root parasites[J].Planta,2007,227:125-132
[16]Yoneyama K,Xie X,Kisugi T,et al.Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization negatively affects strigolactone production and exudation in sorghum[J].Planta,2013,238:885-894
[17]de Jong M,George G,Ongaro V,et al.Auxin and strigolactone signaling are required for modulation of Arabidopsis shoot branching by nitrogen supply[J].Plant physiology,2014,166:384-395
[18]刘吉利,朱万斌,谢光辉,等.能源作物柳枝稷研究进展[J].草业学报,2009,18(3):232-240
[19]Skinner RH,Zegada-Lizarazu W,Schmidt JP.Environmental impacts of switchgrass management for bioenergy production[M].Switchgrass.Springer London,2012,129-152
[20]Gomez-Roldan V,Fermas S,Brewer PB,et al.Strigolactone inhibition of shoot branching[J].Nature,2008,455:189-194
[21]Umehara M,Hanada A,Yoshida S,et al.Inhibition of shoot branching by new terpenoid plant hormones[J].Nature,2008,455:195-200
[22]Yao C,Finlayson SA.Abscisic acid is a general negative regulator of Arabidopsis axillary bud growth[J].Plant Physiology,2015,169:611-626
[23]Sang D,Chen D,Liu G,et al.Strigolactones regulate rice tiller angle by attenuating shoot gravitropism through inhibiting auxin biosynthesis.Proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the United States of America,2014,111:11199-11204
[2]刘杨,王强盛,丁艳锋,等.水稻休眠分蘖芽萌发过程中内源激素水平的变化[J].作物学报,2009,35(2):356-362
[3]姜慧新,沈益新,翟桂玉,等.施磷对紫花苜蓿分枝生长及产草量的影响[J].草地学报,2009,17(5):588-592
[4]Blakeslee JJ,Peer WA,Murphy AS.Auxin transport[J].Current opinion in plant biology,2005,8:494-500
[5]Leyser O.Regulation of shoot branching by auxin[J].Trends in plant science,2003,8:541-545
[6]Wang G,Romheld V,Li C,et al.Involvement of auxin and CKs in boron deficiency induced changes in apical dominance of pea plants(Pisum sativum L.)[J].Journal of plant physiology,2006,163:591-600
[7]Guo Y,Gan S.AtMYB2regulates whole plant senescence by inhibiting cytokinin-mediated branching at late stages of development in Arabidopsis[J].Plant physiology,2011,156:1612-1619
[8]Al-Babili S,Bouwmeester HJ.Strigolactones,a novel carotenoid-derived plant hormone[J].Annual review of plant biology,2015,66:161-186
[9]Bennett T,Sieberer T,Willett B,et al.The Arabidopsis MAX pathway controls shoot branching by regulating auxin transport[J].Current biology:CB,2006,16:553-563
[10]Ongaro V,Leyser O.Hormonal control of shoot branching[J].Journal of experimental botany,2008,59:67-74
[11]Arite T,Iwata H,Ohshima K,et al.DWARF10,an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1ortholog,controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice[J].Plant Journal,2007,51:1019-1029
[12]Foo E,Bullier E,Goussot M,et al.The branching gene RAMOSUS1 mediates interactions among two novel signals and auxin in pea[J].The Plant cell,2005,17:464-474
[13]Sorefan K,Booker J,Haurogne K,et al.MAX4and RMS1are orthologous dioxygenase-like genes that regulate shoot branching in Arabidopsis and pea[J].Genes&development,2003,17:1469-1474
[14]Perez-Torres CA,Lopez-Bucio J,Cruz-Ramirez A,et al.Phosphate availability alters lateral root development in Arabidopsis by modulating auxin sensitivity via a mechanism involving the TIR1auxin receptor[J].The Plant cell,2008,20:3258-3272
[15]Yoneyama K,Xie X,Dai K,et al.Nitrogen deficiency as well as phosphorus deficiency in sorghum promotes the production and exudation of 5-deoxystrigol,the host recognition signal for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and root parasites[J].Planta,2007,227:125-132
[16]Yoneyama K,Xie X,Kisugi T,et al.Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization negatively affects strigolactone production and exudation in sorghum[J].Planta,2013,238:885-894
[17]de Jong M,George G,Ongaro V,et al.Auxin and strigolactone signaling are required for modulation of Arabidopsis shoot branching by nitrogen supply[J].Plant physiology,2014,166:384-395
[18]刘吉利,朱万斌,谢光辉,等.能源作物柳枝稷研究进展[J].草业学报,2009,18(3):232-240
[19]Skinner RH,Zegada-Lizarazu W,Schmidt JP.Environmental impacts of switchgrass management for bioenergy production[M].Switchgrass.Springer London,2012,129-152
[20]Gomez-Roldan V,Fermas S,Brewer PB,et al.Strigolactone inhibition of shoot branching[J].Nature,2008,455:189-194
[21]Umehara M,Hanada A,Yoshida S,et al.Inhibition of shoot branching by new terpenoid plant hormones[J].Nature,2008,455:195-200
[22]Yao C,Finlayson SA.Abscisic acid is a general negative regulator of Arabidopsis axillary bud growth[J].Plant Physiology,2015,169:611-626
[23]Sang D,Chen D,Liu G,et al.Strigolactones regulate rice tiller angle by attenuating shoot gravitropism through inhibiting auxin biosynthesis.Proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the United States of America,2014,111:11199-11204
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