基于透射光谱的玉米叶片含水率快速检测仪研究
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摘要
为快速、无损检测玉米叶片含水率,根据透射光谱原理设计一款便携式植物叶片水分快速检测仪。检测仪主要由数据采集节点和数据接收节点两部分组成,数据采集节点采用夹持叶室结构,由信号采集、处理和发送模块组成,数据接收节点由信号接收模块和PDA组成。测量时玉米叶片被放入采集节点的夹持叶室,两路LED主动光源(890 nm和980 nm)发光照射叶片,采用PIN型Si光电传感器在叶片的另一面进行透射光探测,透射光信号经调理电路放大、滤波后,通过ZigBee网络发送至数据接收节点。根据采集的光信号计算透射率(T890和T980)、比值植被指数(RVI)和调整型归一化差异水分指数(MNDWI)等参数,分析了各植被指数与不同叶位含水率之间的相关性,结果显示仪器应用的最佳叶位为完全展开叶片的倒二叶中部,含水率检测范围为70%~80%,且分辨率为0.3%。选取了T890、T980和MNDWI建立了含水率检测模型,其R_C~2为0.854,R_V~2为0.849,RMSE为0.010 3。
In order to detect the moisture content of maize leaves quickly and nondestructively,a portable plant leaf moisture detector was developed based on near infrared spectroscopy and wireless sensor network. The structure was designed according to the principle of transmission spectrum. The device could be divided into data acquisition node and data receiving node. And the Zig Bee network was used to transfer the data between them. There were three modules in the data acquisition node,including a signal acquisition module,a signal processing module and a signal transmission module. The data acquisition node mainly completed the acquisition,amplification and filtering of the spectral data,and then sent it to the PDA through the master chip JN5168. The data receiving node was designed with a data receiving module and a PDA. The signal acquisition module was the key component with a light source and a sensor. The active LED lights in near-infrared band( 890 nm and 980 nm) sent light,and the PIN type photodiode was used to measure the transmission signal. After the signal amplification and filtering,it was sent to the data receiving node by the Zig Bee network. The parameters were calculated,including T890,T980, ratio vegetation index( RVI), modified normalized difference water vegetation index( MNDWI) and so on. The field test was conducted. The correlation between the parameters and water content was analyzed. The best application location of maize leaves was recommended. The results showed that the best detecting range was 70% ~ 80% and the resolution was 0. 3%. The detection model was established by T890,T980 and MNDWI,with R_C~2= 0. 854,R_V~2= 0. 849,and root mean square error of 0. 010 3. It could help to detect leaf moisture content nondestructively in the field.
In order to detect the moisture content of maize leaves quickly and nondestructively,a portable plant leaf moisture detector was developed based on near infrared spectroscopy and wireless sensor network. The structure was designed according to the principle of transmission spectrum. The device could be divided into data acquisition node and data receiving node. And the Zig Bee network was used to transfer the data between them. There were three modules in the data acquisition node,including a signal acquisition module,a signal processing module and a signal transmission module. The data acquisition node mainly completed the acquisition,amplification and filtering of the spectral data,and then sent it to the PDA through the master chip JN5168. The data receiving node was designed with a data receiving module and a PDA. The signal acquisition module was the key component with a light source and a sensor. The active LED lights in near-infrared band( 890 nm and 980 nm) sent light,and the PIN type photodiode was used to measure the transmission signal. After the signal amplification and filtering,it was sent to the data receiving node by the Zig Bee network. The parameters were calculated,including T890,T980, ratio vegetation index( RVI), modified normalized difference water vegetation index( MNDWI) and so on. The field test was conducted. The correlation between the parameters and water content was analyzed. The best application location of maize leaves was recommended. The results showed that the best detecting range was 70% ~ 80% and the resolution was 0. 3%. The detection model was established by T890,T980 and MNDWI,with R_C~2= 0. 854,R_V~2= 0. 849,and root mean square error of 0. 010 3. It could help to detect leaf moisture content nondestructively in the field.
引文
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6李昊,王忠义,王建旭,等.鲜猪肉水分近红外光谱在线检测方法研究[J].现代科学仪器,2014(4):91-99.
7朱丽伟,马文广,胡晋,等.近红外光谱技术检测种子质量的应用研究进展[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2015,35(2):346-349.ZHU Liwei,MA Wenguang,HU Jin,et al.Advances of NIR spectroscopy technology applied in seed quality detection[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2015,35(2):346-349.(in Chinese)
8 WU X,WU B,SUN J,et al.Classification of apple varieties using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and fuzzy discriminant c-means clustering model[J].Journal of Food Process Engineering,2017,40(2):e12355.
9薛俊杰,韩鲁佳,杨增玲,等.玉米秸秆饲料营养成分NIRS在线检测[J/OL].农业机械学报,2016,47(7):216-223.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/read er/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20160730&flag=1.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.030.XUE Junjie,HAN Lujia,YANG Zengling,et al.On-line measurement of nutrient content of corn stover using NIRS[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(7):216-223(in Chinese)
10 HOLBEN B,SCHUTT J B,Mc MURTREY J.Leaf water stress detection utilizing thematic mapper bands 3,4 and 5 in soybean plants[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1983,4(2):289-297.
11 INOUE Y,MORINAGA S,SHIBAYAMA M.Non-destructive estimation of water status on intact crop leaves based on spectral reflectance measurements[J].Japanese Journal of Crop Science,1993,62(3):462-469.
12严衍禄.近红外光谱分析的原理、技术与应用[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2013.
13李民赞.光谱分析技术及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
14 PENNUELAS J,FILELLA I,BIEL C,et al.The reflectance at the 950~970 nm region as an indicator of plant water status[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1993,14(10):1887-1905.
15王纪华,赵春江,郭晓维,等.用光谱反射率诊断小麦叶片水分状况的研究[J].中国农业科学,2001,34(1):104-107.WNAG Jihua,ZHAO Chunjiang,GUO Xiaowei,et al.Study on the water status of the wheat leaves diagnosed by the spectral reflectance[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2001,34(1):104-107.(in Chinese)
16周顺利,谢瑞芝,蒋海荣,等.用反射率、透射率和吸收率分析玉米叶片水分含量时的峰值波长选择[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(5):28-31.ZHOU Shunli,XIE Ruizhi,JIANG Hairong,et al.Selection of the wavelengths of peak values in analyzing leaf water status by using leaf reflectance,transmittance and absorptance in corn plants[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2006,22(5):28-31.(in Chinese)
17刘洁,李小昱,李培武,等.基于近红外光谱的板栗水分检测方法[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(2):338-341.LIU Jie,LI Xiaoyu,LI Peiwu,et,al.Determination of moisture in chestnuts using near infrared spectroscopy[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2010,26(2):338-341.(in Chinese)
18 GAO B C.NDWI-a normalized difference water index for remote sensing of vegetation liquid water from space[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1996,58(3):257-266.
19 PENUELAS J,INOUE Y.Reflectance indices indicative of changes in water and pigment contents of peanut and wheat leaves[J].Photosynthetica,1999,36(3):355-360.
20程晓娟,杨贵军,徐新刚,等.新植被水分指数的冬小麦冠层水分遥感估算[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2014,34(12):3391-3396.CHENG Xiaojuan,YANG Guijun,XU Xin'gang,et,al.Estimating canopy water content in wheat based on new vegetation water index[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2014,34(12):3391-3396.(in Chinese)
21白路军.近红外水分检测仪研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2013.BAI Lujun.Research of near infrared moisture detector[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2013.(in Chinese)
22韩书庆,于渤,孙明,等.便携式叶绿素、氮素、水分一体化测定仪设计[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(增刊):256-259.
23 JIA J,JI H.Plant leaf water detection instrument based on near infrared spectroscopy[M]∥Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture V.Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2012:20-27.
2邱兆美,赵龙,毛鹏军,等.不同缺水量对作物生理指标的影响研究[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(4):260-263.
3 BITA C E,GERATS T.Plant tolerance to high temperature in a changing environment:scientific fundamentals and production of heat stress-tolerant crops[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2013,4(4):273.
4 BOUGHALLEB F,ABDELLAOUI R,BRAHIM N B,et al.Growth,photosynthesis,water use efficiency,and osmoregulation of the wild species Astragalusgombiformis,Pomel.Under water deficit[J].Brazilian Journal of Botany,2016,39(1):147-156.
5 WANG X,VIGNJEVIC M,LIU F,et al.Drought priming at vegetative growth stages improves tolerance to drought and heat stresses occurring during grain filling in spring wheat[J].Plant Growth Regulation,2015,75(3):677-687.
6李昊,王忠义,王建旭,等.鲜猪肉水分近红外光谱在线检测方法研究[J].现代科学仪器,2014(4):91-99.
7朱丽伟,马文广,胡晋,等.近红外光谱技术检测种子质量的应用研究进展[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2015,35(2):346-349.ZHU Liwei,MA Wenguang,HU Jin,et al.Advances of NIR spectroscopy technology applied in seed quality detection[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2015,35(2):346-349.(in Chinese)
8 WU X,WU B,SUN J,et al.Classification of apple varieties using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and fuzzy discriminant c-means clustering model[J].Journal of Food Process Engineering,2017,40(2):e12355.
9薛俊杰,韩鲁佳,杨增玲,等.玉米秸秆饲料营养成分NIRS在线检测[J/OL].农业机械学报,2016,47(7):216-223.http:∥www.j-csam.org/jcsam/ch/read er/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20160730&flag=1.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2016.07.030.XUE Junjie,HAN Lujia,YANG Zengling,et al.On-line measurement of nutrient content of corn stover using NIRS[J/OL].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(7):216-223(in Chinese)
10 HOLBEN B,SCHUTT J B,Mc MURTREY J.Leaf water stress detection utilizing thematic mapper bands 3,4 and 5 in soybean plants[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1983,4(2):289-297.
11 INOUE Y,MORINAGA S,SHIBAYAMA M.Non-destructive estimation of water status on intact crop leaves based on spectral reflectance measurements[J].Japanese Journal of Crop Science,1993,62(3):462-469.
12严衍禄.近红外光谱分析的原理、技术与应用[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2013.
13李民赞.光谱分析技术及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
14 PENNUELAS J,FILELLA I,BIEL C,et al.The reflectance at the 950~970 nm region as an indicator of plant water status[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1993,14(10):1887-1905.
15王纪华,赵春江,郭晓维,等.用光谱反射率诊断小麦叶片水分状况的研究[J].中国农业科学,2001,34(1):104-107.WNAG Jihua,ZHAO Chunjiang,GUO Xiaowei,et al.Study on the water status of the wheat leaves diagnosed by the spectral reflectance[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2001,34(1):104-107.(in Chinese)
16周顺利,谢瑞芝,蒋海荣,等.用反射率、透射率和吸收率分析玉米叶片水分含量时的峰值波长选择[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(5):28-31.ZHOU Shunli,XIE Ruizhi,JIANG Hairong,et al.Selection of the wavelengths of peak values in analyzing leaf water status by using leaf reflectance,transmittance and absorptance in corn plants[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2006,22(5):28-31.(in Chinese)
17刘洁,李小昱,李培武,等.基于近红外光谱的板栗水分检测方法[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(2):338-341.LIU Jie,LI Xiaoyu,LI Peiwu,et,al.Determination of moisture in chestnuts using near infrared spectroscopy[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2010,26(2):338-341.(in Chinese)
18 GAO B C.NDWI-a normalized difference water index for remote sensing of vegetation liquid water from space[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1996,58(3):257-266.
19 PENUELAS J,INOUE Y.Reflectance indices indicative of changes in water and pigment contents of peanut and wheat leaves[J].Photosynthetica,1999,36(3):355-360.
20程晓娟,杨贵军,徐新刚,等.新植被水分指数的冬小麦冠层水分遥感估算[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2014,34(12):3391-3396.CHENG Xiaojuan,YANG Guijun,XU Xin'gang,et,al.Estimating canopy water content in wheat based on new vegetation water index[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2014,34(12):3391-3396.(in Chinese)
21白路军.近红外水分检测仪研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2013.BAI Lujun.Research of near infrared moisture detector[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2013.(in Chinese)
22韩书庆,于渤,孙明,等.便携式叶绿素、氮素、水分一体化测定仪设计[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(增刊):256-259.
23 JIA J,JI H.Plant leaf water detection instrument based on near infrared spectroscopy[M]∥Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture V.Springer Berlin Heidelberg,2012:20-27.