井式灌溉下不同径级成龄灰枣光合特性差异研究
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摘要
将地径(12±0.5)cm灰枣记为C1,地径(18±0.5)cm灰枣记为C2,研究井式灌溉下阿克苏不同径级的成龄灰枣坐果期日动态的光合特性差异。使用Li6400光合仪在晴朗无云的天气,对C1、C2进行光合指标测定。结果表明:(1)通过日动态可知C1、C2的净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)均呈明显的双峰曲线,12:00—15:00存在明显"午休现象"。(2)C2比C1的P_n、T_r分别大1.8μmol·m~(-2)s~(-1)、0.61mmol·m~(-2)s~(-1),C1、C2的WUE不显著,P_n、T_r差异极限著。(3)Gs是C1、C2最主要的内外环境影响因子。C1、C2均呈双峰曲线,C2有较高的Pn、WUE、LUE、Gs、Cond、Tr和较低的Ls,Gs是C1、C2光合日动态最主要的影响因子。
Under well type irrigation, to do research on photosynthetic characteristics differences of Aksu adult ziziphus jujube with different diameters in the diurnal changes, for finding out the most suitable diameter class of adult ziziphus jujube under well type irrigation. The ground diameter of(12 ±0.5) cm is denoted as C1, the diameter of(18 ±0.5) cm is denoted as C2. To detect photosynthetic indexes with LI6400 XT photosynthetic apparatus in a fine weather with no cloud and no wind. Physiological indexes of photosynthesis that need to be detected include: net photosynthetic rates(Pn), stomatal conductances(Gs), intercellular CO_2 concentrations(Ci) and transpiration rates(T_r).(1)The respective daily changes in the net photosynthetic rates(Pn), stomatal conductances(Gs), and transpiration rates(Tr) of C1 and C2 present in double-peak curves. The daily changes of indexes above stop during 12:00—15:00.(2)When the WUE of C1 and C2 is non-significantly showed, The difference between Pn and Tr indexes of C1 and those of C2 are quite significant. Pn and Tr indexes of C2 are 1.78 μmol/(m~2·s) and 0.69 mmol/(m~2·s) bigger than those of C1 respectively.(3)Under well type irrigation, Gs is the main internal and external environmental factor on Pn rate of C1 and C2. Well irrigation under are in bi modal curve the C1 and C2, C2 had higher WUE, LUE, P_n, G_s, Cond, T_r and lower L_s, and G_s was the most important factor for C1 and C2.
Under well type irrigation, to do research on photosynthetic characteristics differences of Aksu adult ziziphus jujube with different diameters in the diurnal changes, for finding out the most suitable diameter class of adult ziziphus jujube under well type irrigation. The ground diameter of(12 ±0.5) cm is denoted as C1, the diameter of(18 ±0.5) cm is denoted as C2. To detect photosynthetic indexes with LI6400 XT photosynthetic apparatus in a fine weather with no cloud and no wind. Physiological indexes of photosynthesis that need to be detected include: net photosynthetic rates(Pn), stomatal conductances(Gs), intercellular CO_2 concentrations(Ci) and transpiration rates(T_r).(1)The respective daily changes in the net photosynthetic rates(Pn), stomatal conductances(Gs), and transpiration rates(Tr) of C1 and C2 present in double-peak curves. The daily changes of indexes above stop during 12:00—15:00.(2)When the WUE of C1 and C2 is non-significantly showed, The difference between Pn and Tr indexes of C1 and those of C2 are quite significant. Pn and Tr indexes of C2 are 1.78 μmol/(m~2·s) and 0.69 mmol/(m~2·s) bigger than those of C1 respectively.(3)Under well type irrigation, Gs is the main internal and external environmental factor on Pn rate of C1 and C2. Well irrigation under are in bi modal curve the C1 and C2, C2 had higher WUE, LUE, P_n, G_s, Cond, T_r and lower L_s, and G_s was the most important factor for C1 and C2.
引文
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[18]李林锋.4种湿地植物光合作用特性的比较研究[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(10):2094-2102.
[19]唐建宁,康建宏,许强,等.秦艽与小秦艽光合日变化的研究[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(4);836-841.
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[21]高超,闫文德,田大伦,等.杜仲光合速率日变化及其与环境因子的关系[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2011,31(5):100-104.
[22]蒋燚,李志辉,朱积余,等.不同红锥种源幼林光合特性日变化测定与分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(6):43-47.
[2]胡萍,张永福,瓦哈甫·哈力克.阿克苏地区土地利用时空变化特征分析[J]新疆农业科学,2008,45(4):763-768.
[3]鱼静,徐修文,刘弦.阿克苏地区农业投入水平县区域差异研究[J].新疆农业科学,2009,46(5):1103-1106.
[4]李晓鸥,余国新.新疆红枣品牌发展及建设对策[J].北方园艺,2014,(8):170-174.
[5]张文剑.阿克苏河流域灌区灌溉水利用效益的研究[J]黑龙江水利科技,2012,40(9):10-12.
[6]李宏.林木节水灌溉用竖井管:China,CN202697416U[P].2013-8-30.
[7]李天忠,张志宏.现代果树生物学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008.
[8]Nijs I,Ferris R,Blum H,et al.stomatal regulation in a changing limate-A field study using free air temperature increase(FATI)and free air CO2 enrichment(FACE)[J].Plant,cell and Environment,1997,20:1045-1050.
[9]王龙,张旭贤,姚宝林,等.不同滴灌定额对红枣净光合速率和蒸腾速率的影响[J].塔里木大学学报,2013,25(2):37-42.
[10]Farquhar G D,Sharkey T D.Stomatal conuctance and photosynthesis[J].Annual Reviewo Plant Physiology,1982,33:317-345.
[11]郑淑霞,上官周平.8种阔叶树种叶片气体交换特征和叶绿素荧光特性比较[J].生态学报,2006,26(4):1080-1087.
[12]徐飞,郭卫华,王玉芳,等.济南市校园6个绿化树种光合荧光特征比较初探[J].山东大学学报(理学版),2007,42(5):86-94.
[13]邵玺文,韩梅,韩忠明,等.黄芩光合作用日变化及其与环境因子关系的研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,2006,28(6):634-638.
[14]王润元,杨兴国,赵鸿,等.半干旱雨养区小麦叶片光合生理生态特征及其对环境的响应[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(10):1161-1166.
[15]贺康宁,张光灿,田阳,等.黄土半干旱区集水造林条件下林木生长适宜的土壤水分环境[J].林业科学,2003,39(1):10-16.
[16]王真真,李宏,苗乾乾,等.坐果期不同灌溉条件下枣树光合特性研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(1):59-63.
[17]苗乾乾,李宏,王真真,等.不同灌溉处理对幼龄灰枣光合特性的影响[J].西南农业学报,2015,(4):1589-1593.
[18]李林锋.4种湿地植物光合作用特性的比较研究[J].西北植物学报,2008,28(10):2094-2102.
[19]唐建宁,康建宏,许强,等.秦艽与小秦艽光合日变化的研究[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(4);836-841.
[20]黄春燕,吴卫,郑有良,等.鱼腥草光合蒸腾特性及影响因素的分析[J].西北植物学报,2006,26(5):989-994.
[21]高超,闫文德,田大伦,等.杜仲光合速率日变化及其与环境因子的关系[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2011,31(5):100-104.
[22]蒋燚,李志辉,朱积余,等.不同红锥种源幼林光合特性日变化测定与分析[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(6):43-47.