基于高通量测序技术的不同年代公园绿地土壤细菌多样性
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摘要
【背景】细菌多样性对绿地土壤生态功能有重要作用,但不同年代公园绿地土壤的细菌多样性尚未见相关报道。【目的】研究北京市不同年代公园绿地土壤细菌多样性和群落结构特征。【方法】利用IlluminaMiSeq测序技术,分别对北京市代表性古典公园和现代公园绿地土壤细菌群落多样性进行分析。【结果】北京市公园绿地土壤细菌群落共划分为45个已知的菌门,其中变形菌门、酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门和放线菌门为优势细菌群。土壤细菌群落α多样性分析结果表明,古典公园和现代公园的土壤细菌多样性存在差异,表现为古典公园的丰富度和多样性都高于现代公园。此外,土壤细菌群落相似性分析和主坐标分析都表明古典公园和现代公园的土壤细菌群落结构存在显著差异。冗余分析表明,对土壤微生物群落结构产生显著影响的环境因子分别为土壤含水量、有机质和全氮,其它土壤环境因子无统计学意义。首次引入公园年代作为影响因子进行冗余分析的研究结果表明,公园年代为影响公园细菌群落多样性的重要因子。【结论】不同年代公园绿地土壤细菌群落结构和物种多样性具有显著差异,随着公园年代的增加,土壤肥力和微生物多样性增加,绿地生态系统更稳定,可通过制定不同的绿地管理措施改变公园绿地土壤环境,进而优化土壤细菌群落结构,促进土壤碳氮养分循环,提高土壤肥力。
[Background] Bacterial diversity plays an important role in the ecological function of green space soil. However, there is no report on the soil bacterial diversity of urban parks at different age. [Objective] In order to study soil bacterial community diversity and structure characters. [Methods]Illumina MiSeq sequencing was adopted to analyze soil bacterial community structures of typical old and young urban parks in Beijing. [Results] The results showed that 45 known phylum were found, among them, Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Actinobacteria were dominant bacterial groups in all soil samples. Alpha diversity analysis showed that there was a significant differentiation on soil bacterial diversity. The richness and diversity of soil bacterial community in old parks were higher than that of young parks. In addition, similarities analysis and principle coordinate analysis indicate d that there was a significant differentiation in bacterial community structure between old and young parks. The redundancy analysis of soil microbial community structure and environmental factors showed that soil moisture, soil organic matter and total nitrogen were the key determinants influencing the soil microbial community structure, whereas none of the soil properties was found responsible for the changes in the soil bacterial community structure. [Conclusion] This study introduced the park age as an influencing factor for redundancy analysis. The results showed that park age is an important factor affecting the diversity of the bacterial communities in the urban parks.
[Background] Bacterial diversity plays an important role in the ecological function of green space soil. However, there is no report on the soil bacterial diversity of urban parks at different age. [Objective] In order to study soil bacterial community diversity and structure characters. [Methods]Illumina MiSeq sequencing was adopted to analyze soil bacterial community structures of typical old and young urban parks in Beijing. [Results] The results showed that 45 known phylum were found, among them, Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Actinobacteria were dominant bacterial groups in all soil samples. Alpha diversity analysis showed that there was a significant differentiation on soil bacterial diversity. The richness and diversity of soil bacterial community in old parks were higher than that of young parks. In addition, similarities analysis and principle coordinate analysis indicate d that there was a significant differentiation in bacterial community structure between old and young parks. The redundancy analysis of soil microbial community structure and environmental factors showed that soil moisture, soil organic matter and total nitrogen were the key determinants influencing the soil microbial community structure, whereas none of the soil properties was found responsible for the changes in the soil bacterial community structure. [Conclusion] This study introduced the park age as an influencing factor for redundancy analysis. The results showed that park age is an important factor affecting the diversity of the bacterial communities in the urban parks.
引文
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[15]Mendham DS,Sankaran KV,O′Connell AM,et al.Eucalyptus globulus harvest residue management effects on soil carbon and microbial biomass at 1 and 5 years after plantation establishment[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2002,34(12):1903-1912
[16]Cao YS,Fu SL,Zou XM,et al.Soil microbial community composition under Eucalyptus plantations of different age in subtropical China[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2010,46(2):128-135
[17]Wang Y,Zhang ZM,Li XH,et al.Effects of land use type on the abundance of bacteria,crenarchaea,and ammonia-oxidizing archaea in black soil[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2013,32(11):2931-2936(in Chinese)王影,张志明,李晓慧,等.土地利用方式对土壤细菌,泉古菌和氨氧化古菌丰度的影响[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(11):2931-2936
[18]Zhang DJ,Zhang J,Yang WQ,et al.Potential allelopathic effect of Eucalyptus grandis across a range of plantation ages[J].Ecological Research,2010,25(1):13-23
[19]Xu F,Cai TJ,Yang X,et al.Effect of cultivation and natural restoration on soil bacterial community diversity in marshland in the Sanjiang Plain[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(22):7412-7421(in Chinese)徐飞,蔡体久,杨雪,等.三江平原沼泽湿地垦殖及自然恢复对土壤细菌群落多样性的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(22):7412-7421
[20]Janssen PH.Identifying the dominant soil bacterial taxa in libraries of 16S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2006,72(3):1719-1728
[21]Philippot L,Andersson SGE,Battin TJ,et al.The ecological coherence of high bacterial taxonomic ranks[J].Nature Reviews Microbiology,2010,8(7):523-529
[22]Ellis RJ,Morgan P,Weightman AJ,et al.Cultivation-dependent and-independent approaches for determining bacterial diversity in heavy-metal-contaminated soil[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2003,69(6):3223-3230
[23]Fierer N,Bradford MA,Jackson RB.Toward an ecological classification of soil bacteria[J].Ecology,2007,88(6):1354-1364
[24]Zeng QC,Dong YH,An SS.Bacterial community responses to soils along a latitudinal and vegetation gradient on the Loess Plateau,China[J].PLoS One,2016,11(4):e0152894
[25]Zhang W,Chen YF.Analysis of the bacterial communities in continuous cotton fields of Xinjiang Province[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(16):4682-4689(in Chinese)张伟,陈一峰.棉花长期连作对新疆土壤细菌群落结构的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(16):4682-4689
[26]Hui N,Jumpponen A,Francini G,et al.Soil microbial communities are shaped by vegetation type and park age in cities under cold climate[J].Environmental Microbiology,2017,19(3):1281-1295
[27]Wang QL,Cao GM,Wang CT.Quantitative characters of soil microbes and microbial biomass under different vegetations in alpine meadow[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2007,26(7):1002-1008(in Chinese)王启兰,曹广民,王长庭.高寒草甸不同植被土壤微生物数量及微生物生物量的特征[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(7):1002-1008
[28]Schimel JP,Gulledge JM,Clein-Curley JS,et al.Moisture effects on microbial activity and community structure in decomposing birch litter in the Alaskan taiga[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1999,31(6):831-838
[29]Gordon H,Haygarth PM,Bardgett RD.Drying and rewetting effects on soil microbial community composition and nutrient leaching[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(2):302-311
[30]Xiang SR,Doyle A,Holden PA,et al.Drying and rewetting effects on C and N mineralization and microbial activity in surface and subsurface California grassland soils[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(9):2281-2289
[31]Griffiths BS,Ritz K,Ebblewhite N,et al.Soil microbial community structure:effects of substrate loading rates[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1998,31(1):145-153
[32]Wang QK,Wang SL,Gao H,et al.Influence of land use on soil organic matter[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2005,24(4):360-363(in Chinese)王清奎,汪思龙,高洪,等.土地利用方式对土壤有机质的影响[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(4):360-363
[33]Wu ZY,Lin WX,Chen ZF,et al.Characteristics of soil microbial community under different vegetation types in Wuyishan National Nature Reserve,East China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2013,24(8):2301-2309(in Chinese)吴则焰,林文雄,陈志芳,等.武夷山国家自然保护区不同植被类型土壤微生物群落特征[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(8):2301-2309
[34]Zhong WH,Cai ZC.Effect of soil management practices and environmental factors on soil microbial diversity:a review[J].Biodiversity Science,2004,12(4):456-465(in Chinese)钟文辉,蔡祖聪.土壤管理措施及环境因素对土壤微生物多样性影响研究迚展[J].生物多样性,2004,12(4):456-465
[35]Craine JM,Morrow C,Fierer N.Microbial nitrogen limitation increases decomposition[J].Ecology,2007,88(8):2105-2113
[36]Jiang J,Song MH.Review of the roles of plants and soil microorganisms in regulating ecosystem nutrient cycling[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2010,34(8):979-988(in Chinese)蒋婧,宋明华.植物与土壤微生物在调控生态系统养分循环中的作用[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(8):979-988
[37]Cookson WR,Murphy DV,Roper MM.Characterizing the relationships between soil organic matter components and microbial function and composition along a tillage disturbance gradient[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(3):763-777
[38]Chu HY,Fierer N,Lauber CL,et al.Soil bacterial diversity in the Arctic is not fundamentally different from that found in other biomes[J].Environmental Microbiology,2010,12(11):2998-3006
[39]Liu JJ,Sui YY,Yu ZH,et al.Soil carbon content drives the biogeographical distribution of fungal communities in the black soil zone of northeast China[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2015,83:29-39
[40]Rousk J,Brookes PC,B??th E.Contrasting soil pH effects on fungal and bacterial growth suggest functional redundancy in carbon mineralization[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2009,75(6):1589-1596
[41]Xiong JB,Liu YQ,Lin XG,et al.Geographic distance and pHdrive bacterial distribution in alkaline lake sediments across Tibetan Plateau[J].Environmental Microbiology,2012,14(9):2457-2466
[42]Boyle SA,Yarwood RR,Bottomley PJ,et al.Bacterial and fungal contributions to soil nitrogen cycling under Douglas fir and red alder at two sites in Oregon[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(2):443-451
[2]Zhang W,Wei HL,Gao HW,et al.Advances of studies on soil microbial diversity and environmental impact factors[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2005,24(1):48-52(in Chinese)张薇,魏海雷,高洪文,等.土壤微生物多样性及其环境影响因子研究迚展[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(1):48-52
[3]Zhang D,Zhang YX,Qu LY,et al.Effects of altitude on soil microbial community in Quercus liaotungensis forest[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2012,23(8):2041-2048(in Chinese)张地,张育新,曲来叶,等.海拔对辽东栎林地土壤微生物群落的影响[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(8):2041-2048
[4]Chen FL,Zhang K,Zheng H,et al.Analyzing the effect of mixed decomposition of conifer and broadleaf litters on soil microbial communities by using PCR-DGGE[J].Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology,2011,17(2):145-150(in Chinese)陈法霖,张凯,郑华,等.PCR-DGGE技术解析针叶和阔叶凋落物混合分解对土壤微生物群落结构的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2011,17(2):145-150
[5]Chiesura A.The role of urban parks for the sustainable city[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2004,68(1):129-138
[6]Escobedo FJ,Kroeger T,Wagner JE.Urban forests and pollution mitigation:analyzing ecosystem services and disservices[J].Environmental Pollution,2011,159(8/9):2078-2087
[7]Cusack DF,Silver WL,Torn MS,et al.Changes in microbial community characteristics and soil organic matter with nitrogen additions in two tropical forests[J].Ecology,2011,92(3):621-632
[8]Yang LY,Zhang LB,Li Y,et al.Water-related ecosystem services provided by urban green space:a case study in Yixing City(China)[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2015,136:40-51
[9]Jim CY.Soil characteristics and management in an urban park in Hong Kong[J].Environmental Management,1998,22(5):683-695
[10]Jia GM,Cao J,Wang CY,et al.Microbial biomass and nutrients in soil at the different stages of secondary forest succession in Ziwulin,northwest China[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2005,217(1):117-125
[11]Zhang YY,Qu LY,Chen LD,et al.Soil microbial properties under different vegetation types in Loess hilly region[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2010,21(1):165-173(in Chinese)张燕燕,曲来叶,陈利顶,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被类型土壤微生物特性[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(1):165-173
[12]Lu RK.Soil Argrochemistry Analysis Protocoes[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Science Press,2000(in Chinese)鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000
[13]Schloss PD,Westcott SL,Ryabin T,et al.Introducing mothur:open-source,platform-independent,community-supported software for describing and comparing microbial communities[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2009,75(23):7537-7541
[14]Kemp PF,Aller JY.Bacterial diversity in aquatic and other environments:what 16S rDNA libraries can tell us[J].FEMSMicrobiology Ecology,2004,47(2):161-177
[15]Mendham DS,Sankaran KV,O′Connell AM,et al.Eucalyptus globulus harvest residue management effects on soil carbon and microbial biomass at 1 and 5 years after plantation establishment[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2002,34(12):1903-1912
[16]Cao YS,Fu SL,Zou XM,et al.Soil microbial community composition under Eucalyptus plantations of different age in subtropical China[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2010,46(2):128-135
[17]Wang Y,Zhang ZM,Li XH,et al.Effects of land use type on the abundance of bacteria,crenarchaea,and ammonia-oxidizing archaea in black soil[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2013,32(11):2931-2936(in Chinese)王影,张志明,李晓慧,等.土地利用方式对土壤细菌,泉古菌和氨氧化古菌丰度的影响[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(11):2931-2936
[18]Zhang DJ,Zhang J,Yang WQ,et al.Potential allelopathic effect of Eucalyptus grandis across a range of plantation ages[J].Ecological Research,2010,25(1):13-23
[19]Xu F,Cai TJ,Yang X,et al.Effect of cultivation and natural restoration on soil bacterial community diversity in marshland in the Sanjiang Plain[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(22):7412-7421(in Chinese)徐飞,蔡体久,杨雪,等.三江平原沼泽湿地垦殖及自然恢复对土壤细菌群落多样性的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(22):7412-7421
[20]Janssen PH.Identifying the dominant soil bacterial taxa in libraries of 16S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2006,72(3):1719-1728
[21]Philippot L,Andersson SGE,Battin TJ,et al.The ecological coherence of high bacterial taxonomic ranks[J].Nature Reviews Microbiology,2010,8(7):523-529
[22]Ellis RJ,Morgan P,Weightman AJ,et al.Cultivation-dependent and-independent approaches for determining bacterial diversity in heavy-metal-contaminated soil[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2003,69(6):3223-3230
[23]Fierer N,Bradford MA,Jackson RB.Toward an ecological classification of soil bacteria[J].Ecology,2007,88(6):1354-1364
[24]Zeng QC,Dong YH,An SS.Bacterial community responses to soils along a latitudinal and vegetation gradient on the Loess Plateau,China[J].PLoS One,2016,11(4):e0152894
[25]Zhang W,Chen YF.Analysis of the bacterial communities in continuous cotton fields of Xinjiang Province[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2014,34(16):4682-4689(in Chinese)张伟,陈一峰.棉花长期连作对新疆土壤细菌群落结构的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(16):4682-4689
[26]Hui N,Jumpponen A,Francini G,et al.Soil microbial communities are shaped by vegetation type and park age in cities under cold climate[J].Environmental Microbiology,2017,19(3):1281-1295
[27]Wang QL,Cao GM,Wang CT.Quantitative characters of soil microbes and microbial biomass under different vegetations in alpine meadow[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2007,26(7):1002-1008(in Chinese)王启兰,曹广民,王长庭.高寒草甸不同植被土壤微生物数量及微生物生物量的特征[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(7):1002-1008
[28]Schimel JP,Gulledge JM,Clein-Curley JS,et al.Moisture effects on microbial activity and community structure in decomposing birch litter in the Alaskan taiga[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1999,31(6):831-838
[29]Gordon H,Haygarth PM,Bardgett RD.Drying and rewetting effects on soil microbial community composition and nutrient leaching[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(2):302-311
[30]Xiang SR,Doyle A,Holden PA,et al.Drying and rewetting effects on C and N mineralization and microbial activity in surface and subsurface California grassland soils[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(9):2281-2289
[31]Griffiths BS,Ritz K,Ebblewhite N,et al.Soil microbial community structure:effects of substrate loading rates[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1998,31(1):145-153
[32]Wang QK,Wang SL,Gao H,et al.Influence of land use on soil organic matter[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2005,24(4):360-363(in Chinese)王清奎,汪思龙,高洪,等.土地利用方式对土壤有机质的影响[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(4):360-363
[33]Wu ZY,Lin WX,Chen ZF,et al.Characteristics of soil microbial community under different vegetation types in Wuyishan National Nature Reserve,East China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2013,24(8):2301-2309(in Chinese)吴则焰,林文雄,陈志芳,等.武夷山国家自然保护区不同植被类型土壤微生物群落特征[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(8):2301-2309
[34]Zhong WH,Cai ZC.Effect of soil management practices and environmental factors on soil microbial diversity:a review[J].Biodiversity Science,2004,12(4):456-465(in Chinese)钟文辉,蔡祖聪.土壤管理措施及环境因素对土壤微生物多样性影响研究迚展[J].生物多样性,2004,12(4):456-465
[35]Craine JM,Morrow C,Fierer N.Microbial nitrogen limitation increases decomposition[J].Ecology,2007,88(8):2105-2113
[36]Jiang J,Song MH.Review of the roles of plants and soil microorganisms in regulating ecosystem nutrient cycling[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,2010,34(8):979-988(in Chinese)蒋婧,宋明华.植物与土壤微生物在调控生态系统养分循环中的作用[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(8):979-988
[37]Cookson WR,Murphy DV,Roper MM.Characterizing the relationships between soil organic matter components and microbial function and composition along a tillage disturbance gradient[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(3):763-777
[38]Chu HY,Fierer N,Lauber CL,et al.Soil bacterial diversity in the Arctic is not fundamentally different from that found in other biomes[J].Environmental Microbiology,2010,12(11):2998-3006
[39]Liu JJ,Sui YY,Yu ZH,et al.Soil carbon content drives the biogeographical distribution of fungal communities in the black soil zone of northeast China[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2015,83:29-39
[40]Rousk J,Brookes PC,B??th E.Contrasting soil pH effects on fungal and bacterial growth suggest functional redundancy in carbon mineralization[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2009,75(6):1589-1596
[41]Xiong JB,Liu YQ,Lin XG,et al.Geographic distance and pHdrive bacterial distribution in alkaline lake sediments across Tibetan Plateau[J].Environmental Microbiology,2012,14(9):2457-2466
[42]Boyle SA,Yarwood RR,Bottomley PJ,et al.Bacterial and fungal contributions to soil nitrogen cycling under Douglas fir and red alder at two sites in Oregon[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2008,40(2):443-451
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