广州城郊森林公园常绿阔叶林土壤有机碳及组分特征
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摘要
为探讨森林公园土壤有机碳的分布特征,以广州城郊的石门国家森林公园和云髻山森林公园为研究对象,采用分层采样方法 (0—5、5—10、10—20、20—40和40—60 cm)对天然常绿阔叶林的土壤总有机碳、惰性有机碳、易氧化有机碳、水溶性有机碳、微生物生物量碳含量进行了研究。结果表明:土壤惰性有机碳、活性有机碳及总有机碳含量随土层加深均表现下降趋势。不同组分的活性有机碳含量及其所占总有机碳比例在土壤剖面分布存在差异,均表现为易氧化有机碳>微生物生物量碳>水溶性有机碳。土壤惰性有机碳占总有机碳的比例显著高于活性有机碳,随土层加深呈先下降后增加趋势,深层土壤有利于维护有机碳的稳定性。土壤惰性有机碳、易氧化有机碳、水溶性有机碳及微生物生物量碳含量与总有机碳、微生物生物量氮含量均呈显著正相关,土壤各组分碳间转化依赖于总有机碳量的变化,同时受微生物生物量氮的支配。
To understand the distribution of soil organic carbon(SOC) in forest park, soil samples at 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-40,and 40-60 cm depths were collected from evergreen broadleaved forest in Shimen National Forest Park and Yunjishan Forest Park, respectively. The total organic carbon(TOC), recalcitrant carbon(RC), and active carbon(AC), including readily oxidizable carbon(ROC), water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC), and microbial biomass carbon(MBC) were analyzed.Results showed that the content of RC, AC, and TOC decreased with the soil depth. The content of ROC, MBC, WSOC and their proportion to TOC differed significantly across soil profile with ROC>MBC>WSOC. The proportion of RC to TOC was significantly higher than that of AC to TOC, demonstrating RC was the main organic carbon pool. The higher proportion of RC to TOC in the deeper than in the surface soils was helpful to the stabilization of SOC in evergreen broadleaved forest.The positive correlations of RC, ROC, and WSOC with TOC, MBC, and microbial biomass nitrogen implied that the transformations among the components of SOC were depended on the variations of TOC, as well as were regulated by the content of microbial biomass nitrogen.
To understand the distribution of soil organic carbon(SOC) in forest park, soil samples at 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-40,and 40-60 cm depths were collected from evergreen broadleaved forest in Shimen National Forest Park and Yunjishan Forest Park, respectively. The total organic carbon(TOC), recalcitrant carbon(RC), and active carbon(AC), including readily oxidizable carbon(ROC), water-soluble organic carbon(WSOC), and microbial biomass carbon(MBC) were analyzed.Results showed that the content of RC, AC, and TOC decreased with the soil depth. The content of ROC, MBC, WSOC and their proportion to TOC differed significantly across soil profile with ROC>MBC>WSOC. The proportion of RC to TOC was significantly higher than that of AC to TOC, demonstrating RC was the main organic carbon pool. The higher proportion of RC to TOC in the deeper than in the surface soils was helpful to the stabilization of SOC in evergreen broadleaved forest.The positive correlations of RC, ROC, and WSOC with TOC, MBC, and microbial biomass nitrogen implied that the transformations among the components of SOC were depended on the variations of TOC, as well as were regulated by the content of microbial biomass nitrogen.
引文
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[19]周程爱,张于光,肖烨,等.土地利用变化对川西米亚罗林土壤活性碳库的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(08):4542–4547.
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[22]刘明慧,孙雪,于文杰,等.长白山不同海拔原始红松林土壤活性有机碳的生长季动态[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版, 2018, 42(2):67–74.
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[26]方熊,刘菊秀,张德强,等.降水变化、氮添加对鼎湖山主要森林土壤有机碳矿化和土壤微生物碳的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报, 2012, 18(4):531–538.
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[28]陶晓,许克福,戴允泽,等.城市不同功能区绿地土壤微生物量碳氮及溶解性碳氮分布特征及影响因素[J].土壤通报, 2016, 47(5):1169–1176.
[29]易绮斐,成夏岚,曾庆文,等.广州石门国家森林公园彩叶植物调查研究[J].福建林业科技,2008,35(1):112–116.
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[31]刘光崧,蒋能慧,张连第,等.土壤理化分析与剖面描述[M].北京:中国标准出版社, 1996:166–167.
[32] BLAIRGJ,LEFROYRDB,LISLEL.Soilcarbon fractions based on their degree of oxidation,and the development of a carbon management index for agricultural systems[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 1995, 46(7):1459–1466.
[33]习丹,李炯,旷远文,等.鹤山不同植被类型土壤惰性碳含量及其季节变化特征[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2013,21(3):203–210.
[34] JOERGENSEN R G,BROOKES P C.Ninhydrin-reactive nitrogen measurements of microbial biomass in 0.5M K2SO4 soil extracts[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1990, 22(8):1023–1027.
[35]李斌,方晰,李岩,等.湖南省森林土壤有机碳密度及碳库储量动态[J].生态学报,2015,35(13):4265–4278.
[36] ROVIRA P,JORBAO M,ROMANYA J.Active and passive organic matterfractions in Mediterranean forest soils[J].Biology Fertility of Soils,2010,46(4):355–369.
[37]张剑,王利平,谢建平,等.敦煌阳关湿地土壤有机碳分布特征及其影响因素[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(9):2455–2464.
[38]廖丹,于东升,赵永存,等.成都典型区水稻土有机碳组分构成及其影响因素研究[J].土壤学报,2015,52(3):517–527.
[39]欧阳学军,黄忠良,周国逸,等.鼎湖山南亚热带森林群落演替对土壤化学性质影响的累积效应研究[J].水土保持学报, 2003, 17(4):51–54.
[40] WANG Hui,LIU Shirong,MO Jiangming,et al.Soil organic carbon stock and chemical composition in four plantations of indigenous tree species in subtropical China[J].Ecology Research,2010,25(6):1071–1079.
[2]郭亚芬,王朋薇.旅游活动对红花尔基国家森林公园土壤肥力及酶活性的影响[J].土壤通报,2009,49(3):529–532.
[3]石强,雷相东,谢红政.旅游干扰对张家界国家森林公园土壤的影响研究[J].四川林业科技,2002,23(3):28–33.
[4]谭周进,肖启明,祖智波.旅游踩踏对张家界国家森林公园土壤微生物区系及活性的影响[J].土壤学报,2007,44(1):184–187.
[5]张雪莹,陈小梅,危晖,等.城市化对珠江三角洲存留常绿阔叶林土壤有机碳组分及其碳库管理指数的影响[J].水土保持学报, 2017, 31(4):184–190.
[6]张忠启,于东升,潘剑君,等.红壤典型区不同类型土壤有机碳组分构成及空间分异研究[J].土壤,2015,47(2):318–323.
[7]向慧敏,温达志,张玲玲,等.鼎湖山森林土壤活性碳及惰性碳沿海拔梯度的变化[J].生态学报,2015,35(18):6089–6099.
[8]张秀兰,王方超,方向民,等.亚热带杉木林土壤有机碳及其活性组分对氮磷添加的响应[J].应用生态学报,2017, 28(2):449–455.
[9]孙伟军,方晰,项文化,等.湘中丘陵区不同演替阶段森林土壤活性有机碳库特征[J].生态学报,2013,33(24):7765–7773.
[10]范跃新,杨玉盛,杨智杰,等.中亚热带常绿阔叶林不同演替阶段土壤活性有机碳含量及季节动态[J].生态学报,2013, 33(18):5751–5759.
[11]张玲,张东来,毛子军.小兴安岭阔叶红松林不同演替系列土壤有机碳及各组分特征[J].林业科学, 2017, 53(9):11–17.
[12] MATOS E S,FREESE D,SOLZAK A,et al.Organiccarbon and nitrogen stocks and organic-carbon fractions in soil under mixed pine and oak forest stands of different ages in NE Germany[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2010, 173(5):654–661.
[13]沃晓棠,田松岩,韩丽冬,等.小兴安岭两种林型的土壤有机碳研究[J].水土保持研究, 2014, 21(5):13–17+23.
[14]辜翔,张仕吉,项文化,等.中亚热带4种森林类型土壤活性有机碳的季节动态特征[J].植物生态学报,2016,40(10):1064–1076.
[15]王清奎,汪思龙,冯宗炜.杉木纯林与常绿阔叶林土壤活性有机碳库的比较[J].北京林业大学学报, 2006, 28(5):1–6.
[16]邵月红,潘剑君,孙波.不同森林植被下土壤有机碳的分解特征及碳库研究[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(3):24–28.
[17]黄宗胜,符裕红,喻理飞.喀斯特森林自然恢复中土壤微生物生物量碳与水溶性有机碳特征[J].应用生态学报,2012, 23(10):2715–2720.
[18] MENDHAM D S, O&APOSCONNELL A M, GROVE T S.Organic matter characteristics under native forest,long-termpasture,an drecent conversion to Eucalyptus plantations in Western Australia:Microbial, soil respiration and permanganate oxidation[J]. Soil Research, 2002, 40(5):859–872.
[19]周程爱,张于光,肖烨,等.土地利用变化对川西米亚罗林土壤活性碳库的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(08):4542–4547.
[20] WIESMEIERM,SCHADP,VONLüTZOW M,et al.Quantification of functional soil organic carbon pools for major soil units and land uses insoutheast Germany(Bavaria)[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems & Environment,2014, 185(2):208–220.
[21]程彩芳,李正才,周君刚,等.北亚热带地区退化灌木林改造为人工阔叶林后土壤活性碳库的变化[J].林业科学研究, 2015, 28(1):101–108.
[22]刘明慧,孙雪,于文杰,等.长白山不同海拔原始红松林土壤活性有机碳的生长季动态[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版, 2018, 42(2):67–74.
[23]徐侠,王丰,栾以玲,等.武夷山不同海拔植被土壤易氧化碳[J].生态学杂志, 2008, 27(7):1115–1121.
[24]许凯,徐钰,张梦珊,等.氮添加对苏北沿海杨树人工林土壤活性有机碳库的影响[J].生态学杂志,2014,33(6):1480–1486.
[25]林伟,马红亮,裴广廷,等.氮添加对亚热带森林土壤有机碳氮组分的影响[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(1):67–76.
[26]方熊,刘菊秀,张德强,等.降水变化、氮添加对鼎湖山主要森林土壤有机碳矿化和土壤微生物碳的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报, 2012, 18(4):531–538.
[27]仝川,董艳,杨红玉.福州市绿地景观土壤溶解性有机碳、微生物量碳及酶活性[J].生态学杂志,2009,28(6):1093–1101.
[28]陶晓,许克福,戴允泽,等.城市不同功能区绿地土壤微生物量碳氮及溶解性碳氮分布特征及影响因素[J].土壤通报, 2016, 47(5):1169–1176.
[29]易绮斐,成夏岚,曾庆文,等.广州石门国家森林公园彩叶植物调查研究[J].福建林业科技,2008,35(1):112–116.
[30]韩秋萍.流域生态屏障区森林生态系统服务价值核算以及生态补偿研究——以广东新丰县为例[D].长沙:湖南农业大学, 2014:12–14.
[31]刘光崧,蒋能慧,张连第,等.土壤理化分析与剖面描述[M].北京:中国标准出版社, 1996:166–167.
[32] BLAIRGJ,LEFROYRDB,LISLEL.Soilcarbon fractions based on their degree of oxidation,and the development of a carbon management index for agricultural systems[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 1995, 46(7):1459–1466.
[33]习丹,李炯,旷远文,等.鹤山不同植被类型土壤惰性碳含量及其季节变化特征[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2013,21(3):203–210.
[34] JOERGENSEN R G,BROOKES P C.Ninhydrin-reactive nitrogen measurements of microbial biomass in 0.5M K2SO4 soil extracts[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1990, 22(8):1023–1027.
[35]李斌,方晰,李岩,等.湖南省森林土壤有机碳密度及碳库储量动态[J].生态学报,2015,35(13):4265–4278.
[36] ROVIRA P,JORBAO M,ROMANYA J.Active and passive organic matterfractions in Mediterranean forest soils[J].Biology Fertility of Soils,2010,46(4):355–369.
[37]张剑,王利平,谢建平,等.敦煌阳关湿地土壤有机碳分布特征及其影响因素[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(9):2455–2464.
[38]廖丹,于东升,赵永存,等.成都典型区水稻土有机碳组分构成及其影响因素研究[J].土壤学报,2015,52(3):517–527.
[39]欧阳学军,黄忠良,周国逸,等.鼎湖山南亚热带森林群落演替对土壤化学性质影响的累积效应研究[J].水土保持学报, 2003, 17(4):51–54.
[40] WANG Hui,LIU Shirong,MO Jiangming,et al.Soil organic carbon stock and chemical composition in four plantations of indigenous tree species in subtropical China[J].Ecology Research,2010,25(6):1071–1079.
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