基于空间句法的中外传统园林对比研究
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摘要
基于空间句法,将主观感受到的园林空间以量化的形式表现出来,并通过中外传统园林的对比,研究中国传统园林的空间营造在现代园林景观设计中的应用,以科学的方式继承、发展并创新中国传统园林。通过建立流芳园和拙政园的可行层与可视层模型,计算连接度、整合度和深度值三个指标,对拙政园与流芳园的空间特征进行对比分析。初步提出增加可视层与可行层连接度的差值,结合园林空间大小,控制整合度在一个范围内较大波动,对丰富园林空间层次具有重要作用,可通过障景、藏景、借景等手法增加景物的景深和层次,结合路径的曲折变化予以实现。
Based on space syntax, the subjectively perceived garden space is expressed in a quantitative form, and the application of space construction of traditional Chinese garden in modern garden landscape design is explored through the comparison of Chinese and foreign traditional gardens to inherit, develop and innovate traditional Chinese garden in a scientific way. With the feasible layer and visual layer model of Garden of Flowing Fragrance and Humble Administrator's Garden established, the values of three indicators including connectivity, integration and depth are calculated to compare and analyze the spatial characteristics of Humble Administrator's Garden and Garden of Flowing Fragrance. This paper initially proposes that increasing the connectivity difference between the visual layer and the feasible layer and controlling the integration value to make it fluctuate in a large range have an important role in enriching the spatial level of the garden, which can be realized through the increase of the depth of field and level of the scenery by means of obstructive scenery, hidden scenery and borrowed scenery as well as zigzag changes of paths.
Based on space syntax, the subjectively perceived garden space is expressed in a quantitative form, and the application of space construction of traditional Chinese garden in modern garden landscape design is explored through the comparison of Chinese and foreign traditional gardens to inherit, develop and innovate traditional Chinese garden in a scientific way. With the feasible layer and visual layer model of Garden of Flowing Fragrance and Humble Administrator's Garden established, the values of three indicators including connectivity, integration and depth are calculated to compare and analyze the spatial characteristics of Humble Administrator's Garden and Garden of Flowing Fragrance. This paper initially proposes that increasing the connectivity difference between the visual layer and the feasible layer and controlling the integration value to make it fluctuate in a large range have an important role in enriching the spatial level of the garden, which can be realized through the increase of the depth of field and level of the scenery by means of obstructive scenery, hidden scenery and borrowed scenery as well as zigzag changes of paths.
引文
[1]陈英.苏州园林的空间意识和空间美感[J].中国园林,1994(4):16-17,15.
[2]HILLIER B.The golden age for cities?How we design cities is how we understand them[J].Urban Design,2007,100:16-19.
[3]王涵,李沛垚.古典园林在现代建筑中的运用--以苏州博物馆为例[J].城市建筑,2013(16):175.
[4]HILLIER B,HANSON J.The social logic of space[M].Cambridgeshire:Cambridge University Press,1984.
[5]邓孟仁,孔维檀,郭昊栩.Grasshopper介入下的建筑空间句法分析--以街区式商业建筑为例[J].南方建筑,2017(3):94-100.
[6]王海军,夏畅,张安琪,等.基于空间句法的扩张强度指数及其在城镇扩展分析中的应用[J].地理学报,2016,71(8):1302-1314.
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[8]王斌.空间句法的介绍与应用--以苏州园林为例[D].上海:同济大学,2009.
[9]李志明.基于空间句法的南京瞻园空间结构研究[C]//中国风景园林学会.中国风景园林学会2011年会论文集(上册).北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011:352-355.
[10]高闪闪,徐勇,马东丹,等.浅谈中国古典园林入口空间中的锚定效应[J].浙江农业科学,2015,56(12):1991-1994,2001.
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[12]李志明,王泳汀.基于空间句法分析的拙政园中部游览路线组织与园林空间赏析[C]//中国风景园林学会.中国风景园林学会2014年会论文集(上册).北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2014:57-62.
[13]梁慧琳,张青萍.基于空间句法的江南私家园林空间开合量化研究[J].现代城市研究,2017(1):47-52.
[14]蔡倩仪.基于空间句法理论的顺德清晖园空间分析[D].广州:华南理工大学,2015.
[15]陈茸.中国传统园林空间句法浅析及其对当代地域性重构的意义[D].北京:清华大学,2012.
[16]毕洋洋,田芃,王晓炎,等.现代建筑七项原则与中国传统园林建筑创作精神的比较研究[J].南方建筑,2017,182(1):119-123.
[17]刘保国,田芃,田朝阳.基于观法心智的中西方园林要素的比较分析及现代意义[J].华中建筑,2016,34(11):1-4.
[18]田朝阳,孙文静,杨秋生.基于神话传说的中西方古典园林结构“法式”探讨[J].北京林业大学学报(社会科学版),2014,13(1):51-57.
[19]张波,金霁.受中国影响的美国园林和建筑名录[J].中国园林,2016,32(4):117-123.
[20]郭佳希.Depth map软件在网师园空间分析中的应用[J].中国园林,2014,30(8):120-124.
[2]HILLIER B.The golden age for cities?How we design cities is how we understand them[J].Urban Design,2007,100:16-19.
[3]王涵,李沛垚.古典园林在现代建筑中的运用--以苏州博物馆为例[J].城市建筑,2013(16):175.
[4]HILLIER B,HANSON J.The social logic of space[M].Cambridgeshire:Cambridge University Press,1984.
[5]邓孟仁,孔维檀,郭昊栩.Grasshopper介入下的建筑空间句法分析--以街区式商业建筑为例[J].南方建筑,2017(3):94-100.
[6]王海军,夏畅,张安琪,等.基于空间句法的扩张强度指数及其在城镇扩展分析中的应用[J].地理学报,2016,71(8):1302-1314.
[7]杨童周.杭州西湖汉传佛寺园林空间研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015.
[8]王斌.空间句法的介绍与应用--以苏州园林为例[D].上海:同济大学,2009.
[9]李志明.基于空间句法的南京瞻园空间结构研究[C]//中国风景园林学会.中国风景园林学会2011年会论文集(上册).北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2011:352-355.
[10]高闪闪,徐勇,马东丹,等.浅谈中国古典园林入口空间中的锚定效应[J].浙江农业科学,2015,56(12):1991-1994,2001.
[11]林辉,肖旋.拙政园空间结构的演变与空间句法分析[J].园林,2012(1):60-63.
[12]李志明,王泳汀.基于空间句法分析的拙政园中部游览路线组织与园林空间赏析[C]//中国风景园林学会.中国风景园林学会2014年会论文集(上册).北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2014:57-62.
[13]梁慧琳,张青萍.基于空间句法的江南私家园林空间开合量化研究[J].现代城市研究,2017(1):47-52.
[14]蔡倩仪.基于空间句法理论的顺德清晖园空间分析[D].广州:华南理工大学,2015.
[15]陈茸.中国传统园林空间句法浅析及其对当代地域性重构的意义[D].北京:清华大学,2012.
[16]毕洋洋,田芃,王晓炎,等.现代建筑七项原则与中国传统园林建筑创作精神的比较研究[J].南方建筑,2017,182(1):119-123.
[17]刘保国,田芃,田朝阳.基于观法心智的中西方园林要素的比较分析及现代意义[J].华中建筑,2016,34(11):1-4.
[18]田朝阳,孙文静,杨秋生.基于神话传说的中西方古典园林结构“法式”探讨[J].北京林业大学学报(社会科学版),2014,13(1):51-57.
[19]张波,金霁.受中国影响的美国园林和建筑名录[J].中国园林,2016,32(4):117-123.
[20]郭佳希.Depth map软件在网师园空间分析中的应用[J].中国园林,2014,30(8):120-124.