含孔洞裂隙岩体灌浆后力学特性的物理试验与数值模拟
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摘要
对不同裂隙倾角的含孔洞裂隙模型试件进行单轴压缩试验,并使用RFPA2D软件进行数值模拟,对比孔洞不充填和完全灌浆充填2种工况,研究灌浆体对试件应力环境、破裂模式及力学特性参数的影响。试验与数值模拟研究结果均表明:灌浆体减轻了应力集中,表现为最大压应力和最大拉应力下降,降幅分别为7.6%～9.8%、0.4%～9.8%。试件破裂模式、力学特性参数及其孔洞灌浆充填后的变化幅度与预制裂隙倾角紧密相关,水平和竖直裂隙这2种结构型式的试件均呈现为穿切岩桥的破坏模式;而倾斜裂隙试件的破坏受预制裂隙控制,使得峰值强度和残余强度最小,但这2种参数孔洞灌浆充填后的增幅最大。与孔洞不充填试件相比,孔洞完全灌浆充填的物理模型和数值模型试件峰值强度的增幅分别为5.45%～23.33%、4.18%～14.29%,残余强度增幅分别达到31.68%～161.71%、22.54%～73.85%。
Uniaxial compression experiments and numerical simulation by RFPA2D on model specimens containing a hole and a flaw with different flaw inclinations were conducted to investigate the influence of grouting body on the stress environment,failure mode and mechanical parameters of specimens.The specimens without and with grouting body were compared.The results of experimental and numerical simulations show that the grouting body reduces the stress concentration,the maximum compressive stress and tensile stress of specimens decrease,and their amplitude reductions are in the range of 7.6% to 9.8% and0.4% to 9.8%,respectively.The failure modes,mechanical parameters and their variation amplitudes after filled are closely related to the inclination of the pre-existing flaw.A horizontal/vertical inclined flaw leads the specimens without and with grouting body to fail in a mode of cutting through the rock bridge.The peak and residual strength are the smallest and their amplifications are the highest in the case of an inclined flaw where the failure mode is controlled by the presence of such a flaw.Compared with the specimens without grouting body,the peak strength and residual stress of the physical and numerical model specimens with grouting bodyincrease,and the peak strength amplifications are in the range of 5.45% to 23.33% and 4.18% to 14.29%,respectively,and the residual stress amplifications are in the range of 31.68% to 161.71% and 22.54% to73.85%,respectively.
Uniaxial compression experiments and numerical simulation by RFPA2D on model specimens containing a hole and a flaw with different flaw inclinations were conducted to investigate the influence of grouting body on the stress environment,failure mode and mechanical parameters of specimens.The specimens without and with grouting body were compared.The results of experimental and numerical simulations show that the grouting body reduces the stress concentration,the maximum compressive stress and tensile stress of specimens decrease,and their amplitude reductions are in the range of 7.6% to 9.8% and0.4% to 9.8%,respectively.The failure modes,mechanical parameters and their variation amplitudes after filled are closely related to the inclination of the pre-existing flaw.A horizontal/vertical inclined flaw leads the specimens without and with grouting body to fail in a mode of cutting through the rock bridge.The peak and residual strength are the smallest and their amplifications are the highest in the case of an inclined flaw where the failure mode is controlled by the presence of such a flaw.Compared with the specimens without grouting body,the peak strength and residual stress of the physical and numerical model specimens with grouting bodyincrease,and the peak strength amplifications are in the range of 5.45% to 23.33% and 4.18% to 14.29%,respectively,and the residual stress amplifications are in the range of 31.68% to 161.71% and 22.54% to73.85%,respectively.
引文
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[2]Bobet A,Einstein H H.Fracture coalescence in rocktype materials under uniaxial and biaxial compression[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,1998,35(7):863-888.
[3]Wong R H C,Chau K T,Tang C A,et al.Analysis of crack coalescence in rock-like materials containing three flaws-part I:experimental approach[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2001,38(7):909-924.
[4]Park C H,Bobet A.Crack coalescence in specimens with open and closed flaws:a comparison[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2009,46(5):819-829.
[5]Yang S Q,Jing H W.Strength failure and crack coalescence behavior of brittle sandstone samples containing a single fissure under uniaxial compression[J].International Journal of Fracture,2011,168(2):227-250.
[6]Lajtai E Z,Lajtai V N.The collapse of cavities[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts,1975,12(4):81-86.
[7]胡盛斌,邓建,马春德,等.循环荷载作用下含缺陷岩石破坏特征试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(12):2490-2495.[HU S B,DENG J,MA C D,et al.Experimental study of failure characteristics of rock containing flaw under cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(12):2490-2495.(in Chinese)]
[8]宋义敏,潘一山,章梦涛,等.洞室围岩三种破坏形式的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(增刊1):2741-2745.[SONG Y M,PAN Y S,ZHANG M T,et al.Experimental investigation on fracture of three types of underground caverns[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(Sup 1):2741-2745.(in Chinese)]
[9]李地元,李夕兵,李春林,等.单轴压缩下含预制孔洞板状花岗岩试样力学响应的试验和数值研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(6):1198-1206.[LI D Y,LI X B,LI C L,et al.Experimental and numerical studies of mechanical response of plateshape granite samples containing prefabricated holes under uniaxial compression[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(6):1198-1206.(in Chinese)]
[10]Chen L,Bai S,Yin X.Physical simulation on failure around a circular cavern in hard and brittle rock under high and increasing natural stress conditions[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2014,140(2):332-344.
[11]朱谭谭,靖洪文,苏海健,等.含双圆形孔洞砂岩单轴压缩力学特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(6):1047-1056.[ZHU T T,JING H W,SUH J,et al.Mechanical behavior of sandstone containing double circular cavities under uniaxial compression[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(6):1047-1056.(in Chinese)]
[12]张波,李术才,杨学英,等.裂隙充填对岩体单轴压缩力学性能及锚固效应的影响[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(10):1671-1676.[ZHANG B,LI S C,YANG X Y,et al.The influence of crack fillings to rock uniaxial compression mechanical property and anchoring effect[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(10):1671-1676.(in Chinese)]
[13]苏海健,靖洪文,赵洪辉,等.纵向裂隙对砂岩力学特性影响试验研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(4):644-649.[SU H J,JING H W,ZHAO H H,et al.Experimental study on the influence of longitudinal fissure on mechanics characteristic of sandstone[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2014,31(4):644-649.(in Chinese)]
[14]董茜茜,马国伟,夏明杰,等.含充填物的大理岩裂隙扩展过程及破坏特性[J].北京工业大学学报,2015,41(9):1375-1382.[DONG Q Q,MA G W,XIA M J,et al.Crack extension process and failure behavior of marbles containing fillers[J].Journal of Beijing University of Technology,2015,41(9):1375-1382.(in Chinese)]
[15]尹乾,靖洪文,苏海健,等.单轴压缩下充填正交裂隙花岗岩强度及裂纹扩展演化[J].中国矿业大学学报,2016,45(2):225-232.[YIN Q,JING H W,SU H J,et al.Strength characteristics and crack coalescence evolution of granite specimens containing orthogonal filling fissures under uniaxial compression[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2016 45(2):225-232.(in Chinese)]
[16]刘泉声,雷广峰,卢超波,等.注浆加固对岩体裂隙力学性质影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2017,36(增刊1):3140-3147.[LIU Q S,LEIG F,LU C B,et al.Experimental study of grouting reinforcement influence on mechanical properties of rock fracture[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2017,36(Sup 1):3140-3147.(in Chinese)]
[17]朱谭谭,靖洪文,苏海健,等.孔洞-裂隙组合型缺陷砂岩力学特性试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(7):1518-1525.[ZHU T T,JING H W,SU H J,et al.Experimental investigation on mechanical behavior of sandstone with coupling effects under uniaxial compression[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(7):1518-1525.(in Chinese)]
[18]Zhang K,Cao P,Ma G W,et al.Strength,fragmentation and fractal properties of mixed flaws[J].Acta Geotechnica,2016,11(4):901-912.
[19]石书缘,胡素云,刘伟,等.塔里木盆地西克尔地区奥陶系溶洞系统特征及控制因素[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(2):167-177.[SHI S Y,HU S Y,LIU W,et al.Ordovician paleokarst cave system and it's controlling factor in Xekar,Tarim Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(2):167-177.(in Chinese)]
[20]Brady B,Brown E T.Rock mechanics for underground mining[M].London:Chapman and Hall,2003.