海洋天然气水合物岩心处理关键技术进展
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摘要
水合物岩心处理技术体系的建立对于海洋与冻土区水合物的勘探与开发非常重要,其中保压岩心的现场处理与测试,更是获取地层相关物性参数并进行复杂情况下水合物赋存地层行为评价与预测的关键。钻井现场围绕这一核心内容主要从岩心的现场处理流程设计、压力与温度控制以及现场转移与测试3个方面加以实现,其关键在于工作过程中相关装置的保压保温、工作腔体内保压岩心的精确操控、工作腔体内保压岩心的直接接触测试以及工作腔体外与其他外部测试装置匹配的联合测试。
It is very important to build up a technical system for recovering and handling natural gas hydrate cores from marine and permafrost sediments.As one major part of the system,in-situ handling and testing pressure cores plays an important role in obtaining relative parameters of gas hydrate-bearing sediments and then evaluating and predicting the corresponding behaviors of gas hydrate-bearing sediments in complex setting.On the drilling sites,this part was achieved by designing in-situ core flow plans,controlling pressure and temperature of pressure cores,and in-situ transferring and testing cores.In detail,it includes maintaining pressure and temperature of controlled devices,precise control of pressure cores inside the working chamber,in-situ direct contact tests on pressure cores inside the working chamber,and joint tests on pressure cores by means of the combination of the working chamber with other outside test devices.
It is very important to build up a technical system for recovering and handling natural gas hydrate cores from marine and permafrost sediments.As one major part of the system,in-situ handling and testing pressure cores plays an important role in obtaining relative parameters of gas hydrate-bearing sediments and then evaluating and predicting the corresponding behaviors of gas hydrate-bearing sediments in complex setting.On the drilling sites,this part was achieved by designing in-situ core flow plans,controlling pressure and temperature of pressure cores,and in-situ transferring and testing cores.In detail,it includes maintaining pressure and temperature of controlled devices,precise control of pressure cores inside the working chamber,in-situ direct contact tests on pressure cores inside the working chamber,and joint tests on pressure cores by means of the combination of the working chamber with other outside test devices.
引文
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[4]Collett T S.Energy resource potential of natural gas hydrates[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(11):1971-1992.
[5]姚伯初,杨木壮,吴时国,等.中国海域的天然气水合物资源[J].现代地质,2008,22(3):333-341.
[6]Sloan E D.Fundamental principles and applications of natural gas hydrates[J].Nature,2003,426:353-359.
[7]Schultheiss P J,Holland M E,Humphrey G D.Borehole pressure coring and laboratory pressure core analysis for gas hydrate investigations.OTC 19601[C]∥Anon.Offshore Technology Conference.Houston,Texas,U.S.A.,5-8 May 2008.
[8]Schultheiss P J,Aumann J T,Humphrey G D.Pressure coring and pressure core analysis for the upcoming gulf of Mexico joint industry project coring expedition.OTC 20827[C]∥Anon.Offshore Technology Conference.Houston,Texas,U.S.A.,3-6 May 2010.
[9]Inada N,Yamamoto K.Data report:Hybrid pressure coring system tool review and summary of recovery result from gashydrate related coring in the Nankai project[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2015,66(2):323-345.
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[12]Graber K K,Pollard E,Jonasson B,et al.Overview of ODP engineering tools and hardware.ODP Technical Note 31[R].College Station:Ocean Drilling Program Texas A&M University,2002.
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[15]Tréhu A M,Bohrmann G,Rack F R,et al.Proc.ODP,Init.Repts.,204[R].College Station:Ocean Drilling Program,Texas A&M University,2003.
[16]Riedel M,Collett T S,Malone M.Expedition 311synthesis:Scientific findings[C]∥Proc.IODP|Volume.2010,311:2.
[17]白玉湖,李清平.天然气水合物取样技术及装置进展[J].石油钻探技术,2010,38(6):116-123.
[18]朱海燕,刘清友,王国荣,等.天然气水合物取样装置的研究现状及进展[J].天然气工业,2009,29(6):63-66.
[19]王智锋,许俊良,薄万顺.深海天然气水合物钻探取心技术[J].石油矿场机械,2009,38(9):12-15.
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[21]胡海良,唐海雄,罗俊丰,等.深水天然气水合物钻井及取心技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2009,31(1):27-30.
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[23]王智锋,许俊良.深海天然气水合物钻探取心的难点与对策[J].石油钻采工艺,2009,31(4):24-31.
[24]许俊良,刘键,任红.天然气水合物取样高度探讨[J].石油矿场机械,2010,39(10):12-15.
[25]许俊良,任红.天然气水合物钻探取样技术现状与研究[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2012,39(11):4-9.
[26]姚彤宝.天然气水合物钻探的关键技术[J].地质装备,2010,11(5):30-33.
[27]姚彤宝,周兢,李生红.陆域天然气水合物取样关键因素探讨[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2011,38(1):18-21.
[28]郭威,孙友宏,张祖培,等.天然气水合物孔底冷冻取样技术[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2009(增刊1):147-151.
[29]郭威,孙友宏,Chistyakov V K,等.天然气水合物孔底冷冻取样方法的室内试验研究[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2009,36(5):1-6.
[30]郭威,孙友宏,陈晨,等.陆地天然气水合物孔底冷冻取样方法[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2011,41(4):1116-1120.
[31]于磊,赵大军,孙友宏,等.漠河冻土地区天然气水合物钻探施工技术[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2011,38(6):13-16.
[32]Zhang H,Yang S,Wu N,et al.Successful and surprising results for China′s first gas hydrate drilling expedition[J].Fire in the Ice Newsletter,2007,9.
[33]卢振权,祝有海,张永勤,等.青海省祁连山冻土区天然气水合物存在的主要证据[J].现代地质,2010,24(2):329-336.
[34]Lu Zhenquan,Zhu Youhai,Zhang Yongqin,et al.Gas hydrate occurrences in the Qilian Mountain permafrost,Qinghai Province,China[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2011,66(2):93-104.
[35]张凌,蒋国盛,宁伏龙,等.国外天然气水合物岩心处理分析技术综述[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(1):123-126.
[36]张凌,蒋国盛,宁伏龙,等.天然气水合物保真取心装置内部密封技术分析[J].现代地质,2009,23(6):1147-1152.
[37]张凌,宁伏龙,蒋国盛,等.海洋水合物钻探取心与处理现状分析[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2009(增刊1):100-103.
[38]Holditch S A,Jones E.Results from the(1)Date collection workshop.(2)Modeling workshop and(3)Drilling and coring methods workshop as part of the joint industry participation(JIP)project to characterize natural gas hydrate in the deepwater gulf of mexico[R].[S.l.]:Chevron Usa Inc.(US),2002.
[39]Tada R,Murray R W,Zarikian C A A,et al.Proceedings of the integrated ocean drilling program:Expedition reports[J].Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International Inc,2011,12(1/2):109-130.
[40]Burger J,Gupta D,Jacobs P,et al.Overview on hydrate coring,handling and analysis[R].[S.l.]:Westport Technology Center,2003.
[41]Bent J.Characterizing natural gas hydrates in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico:Applications for safe exploration and production activities[R].[S.l.]:Chevron USA Incorporated,2014.
[42]Dickens G R,Schroeder D,Hinrichs K U,et al.The pressure core sampler(PCS)on ocean drilling program Leg 201:General operations and gas release[R].College Station:Ocean Drilling Program,Texas A&M University,2003.
[43]Rack F,Storms M,Schroeder D,et al.In-Situ sampling and characterization of naturally occurring marine methane hydrate using the D/V JOIDES resolution[R].Joint Oceanograph Institutions,2002.
[44]Santamarina J C,Dai S,Jang J,et al.Pressure core characterization tools for hydrate-bearing sediments[J].Scientific Drilling,2012,16(4):44-48.
[45]Yun T,Narsilio G,Santamarina J C,et al.Instrumented pressure testing chamber for characterizing sediment cores recovered at in situ hydrostatic pressure[J].Marine Geology,2006,229(3):285-293.
[46]Rosenbaum E J,English N J,Johnson J K,et al.Thermal conductivity of methane hydrate from experiment and molecular simulation[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry B,2007,111(46):13194-13205.
[2]Makogon Y F.Natural gas hydrates:A promising source of energy[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2010,2(1):49-59.
[3]Collett T S,Bahk J J,Baker R,et al.Methane hydrates in nature-current knowledge and challenges[J].Journal of Chemical&Engineering Data,2014,60(2):319-329.
[4]Collett T S.Energy resource potential of natural gas hydrates[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(11):1971-1992.
[5]姚伯初,杨木壮,吴时国,等.中国海域的天然气水合物资源[J].现代地质,2008,22(3):333-341.
[6]Sloan E D.Fundamental principles and applications of natural gas hydrates[J].Nature,2003,426:353-359.
[7]Schultheiss P J,Holland M E,Humphrey G D.Borehole pressure coring and laboratory pressure core analysis for gas hydrate investigations.OTC 19601[C]∥Anon.Offshore Technology Conference.Houston,Texas,U.S.A.,5-8 May 2008.
[8]Schultheiss P J,Aumann J T,Humphrey G D.Pressure coring and pressure core analysis for the upcoming gulf of Mexico joint industry project coring expedition.OTC 20827[C]∥Anon.Offshore Technology Conference.Houston,Texas,U.S.A.,3-6 May 2010.
[9]Inada N,Yamamoto K.Data report:Hybrid pressure coring system tool review and summary of recovery result from gashydrate related coring in the Nankai project[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2015,66(2):323-345.
[10]宁伏龙,张凌,王荣璟.大洋科学钻探:从DSDP→ODP→IODP[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2009.
[11]Pettigrew T L.Design and operation of a wireline pressure core sampler(PCS)[R].College Station:Technical Note 17,Ocean Drilling Program,Texas A&M University,1992.
[12]Graber K K,Pollard E,Jonasson B,et al.Overview of ODP engineering tools and hardware.ODP Technical Note 31[R].College Station:Ocean Drilling Program Texas A&M University,2002.
[13]Takahashi H,Tsuji Y.Multi-well exploration program in 2004for natural hydrate in the Nankai trough,offshore Japan,OTC17162[C]∥Anon.Proc.Offshore Technology Conference,Houston Texas,2-5 May,2005.
[14]Schultheiss P J,Francis T J G,Holland M,et al.Pressure Coring,Logging and Subsampling with the HYACINTH system[C]∥Rothwell G.New Techniques in Sediment Core Analysis.London:Geological Society,2006.
[15]Tréhu A M,Bohrmann G,Rack F R,et al.Proc.ODP,Init.Repts.,204[R].College Station:Ocean Drilling Program,Texas A&M University,2003.
[16]Riedel M,Collett T S,Malone M.Expedition 311synthesis:Scientific findings[C]∥Proc.IODP|Volume.2010,311:2.
[17]白玉湖,李清平.天然气水合物取样技术及装置进展[J].石油钻探技术,2010,38(6):116-123.
[18]朱海燕,刘清友,王国荣,等.天然气水合物取样装置的研究现状及进展[J].天然气工业,2009,29(6):63-66.
[19]王智锋,许俊良,薄万顺.深海天然气水合物钻探取心技术[J].石油矿场机械,2009,38(9):12-15.
[20]董刚,龚建明,苏新.海洋天然气水合物钻探取心工艺[J].海洋地质前沿,2011,27(3):48-51,69.
[21]胡海良,唐海雄,罗俊丰,等.深水天然气水合物钻井及取心技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2009,31(1):27-30.
[22]许俊良,薄万顺,朱杰然.天然气水合物钻探取心关键技术研究进展[J].石油钻探技术,2008,36(5):32-36.
[23]王智锋,许俊良.深海天然气水合物钻探取心的难点与对策[J].石油钻采工艺,2009,31(4):24-31.
[24]许俊良,刘键,任红.天然气水合物取样高度探讨[J].石油矿场机械,2010,39(10):12-15.
[25]许俊良,任红.天然气水合物钻探取样技术现状与研究[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2012,39(11):4-9.
[26]姚彤宝.天然气水合物钻探的关键技术[J].地质装备,2010,11(5):30-33.
[27]姚彤宝,周兢,李生红.陆域天然气水合物取样关键因素探讨[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2011,38(1):18-21.
[28]郭威,孙友宏,张祖培,等.天然气水合物孔底冷冻取样技术[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2009(增刊1):147-151.
[29]郭威,孙友宏,Chistyakov V K,等.天然气水合物孔底冷冻取样方法的室内试验研究[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2009,36(5):1-6.
[30]郭威,孙友宏,陈晨,等.陆地天然气水合物孔底冷冻取样方法[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2011,41(4):1116-1120.
[31]于磊,赵大军,孙友宏,等.漠河冻土地区天然气水合物钻探施工技术[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2011,38(6):13-16.
[32]Zhang H,Yang S,Wu N,et al.Successful and surprising results for China′s first gas hydrate drilling expedition[J].Fire in the Ice Newsletter,2007,9.
[33]卢振权,祝有海,张永勤,等.青海省祁连山冻土区天然气水合物存在的主要证据[J].现代地质,2010,24(2):329-336.
[34]Lu Zhenquan,Zhu Youhai,Zhang Yongqin,et al.Gas hydrate occurrences in the Qilian Mountain permafrost,Qinghai Province,China[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,2011,66(2):93-104.
[35]张凌,蒋国盛,宁伏龙,等.国外天然气水合物岩心处理分析技术综述[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(1):123-126.
[36]张凌,蒋国盛,宁伏龙,等.天然气水合物保真取心装置内部密封技术分析[J].现代地质,2009,23(6):1147-1152.
[37]张凌,宁伏龙,蒋国盛,等.海洋水合物钻探取心与处理现状分析[J].探矿工程:岩土钻掘工程,2009(增刊1):100-103.
[38]Holditch S A,Jones E.Results from the(1)Date collection workshop.(2)Modeling workshop and(3)Drilling and coring methods workshop as part of the joint industry participation(JIP)project to characterize natural gas hydrate in the deepwater gulf of mexico[R].[S.l.]:Chevron Usa Inc.(US),2002.
[39]Tada R,Murray R W,Zarikian C A A,et al.Proceedings of the integrated ocean drilling program:Expedition reports[J].Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International Inc,2011,12(1/2):109-130.
[40]Burger J,Gupta D,Jacobs P,et al.Overview on hydrate coring,handling and analysis[R].[S.l.]:Westport Technology Center,2003.
[41]Bent J.Characterizing natural gas hydrates in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico:Applications for safe exploration and production activities[R].[S.l.]:Chevron USA Incorporated,2014.
[42]Dickens G R,Schroeder D,Hinrichs K U,et al.The pressure core sampler(PCS)on ocean drilling program Leg 201:General operations and gas release[R].College Station:Ocean Drilling Program,Texas A&M University,2003.
[43]Rack F,Storms M,Schroeder D,et al.In-Situ sampling and characterization of naturally occurring marine methane hydrate using the D/V JOIDES resolution[R].Joint Oceanograph Institutions,2002.
[44]Santamarina J C,Dai S,Jang J,et al.Pressure core characterization tools for hydrate-bearing sediments[J].Scientific Drilling,2012,16(4):44-48.
[45]Yun T,Narsilio G,Santamarina J C,et al.Instrumented pressure testing chamber for characterizing sediment cores recovered at in situ hydrostatic pressure[J].Marine Geology,2006,229(3):285-293.
[46]Rosenbaum E J,English N J,Johnson J K,et al.Thermal conductivity of methane hydrate from experiment and molecular simulation[J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry B,2007,111(46):13194-13205.